I-edema yamaphaphu

I-edema ye-Pulmonary iyinhlanganisela engavamile yoketshezi emaphashini. Lokhu kwanda koketshezi kuholela ekuphefumuleni okuncane.

I-edema ye-pulmonary ivame ukubangelwa ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okucinana. Lapho inhliziyo ingakwazi ukupompa kahle, igazi lingabuyela emithanjeni edlulisa igazi emaphashini.

Njengoba ingcindezi kule mithambo yegazi inyuka, uketshezi ludonswa ezikhaleni zomoya (alveoli) emaphashini. Lo ketshezi unciphisa ukunyakaza okuvamile komoya-mpilo emaphashini. Lezi zinto ezimbili ziyahlangana zidale ukuphefumula okuncane.

Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okucinana okuholela ku-edema yamaphaphu kungabangelwa:

• Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, noma yisiphi isifo senhliziyo esinciphisa noma esiqinisa imisipha yenhliziyo (i-cardiomyopathy)
• Amaphayiphu enhliziyo avuzayo noma ancishisiwe (ama-mitral noma ama-aortic valves)
• Kungazelelwe, umfutho wegazi ophakeme (umfutho wegazi ophakeme)

I-edema ye-pulmonary nayo ingabangelwa:

• Imithi ethile
• Ukuchayeka kokuphakama okuphezulu
• Ukuhluleka kwezinso
• Imithambo emincane eletha igazi ezinso
• Ukulimala kwamaphaphu okubangelwa igesi enobuthi noma ukutheleleka okunzima
• Ukulimala okukhulu

Izimpawu ze-edema yamaphaphu zingafaka:

• Ukukhwehlela igazi noma umfutho onegazi
• Kunzima ukuphefumula lapho ulele (i-orthopnea)
• Ukuzizwa "ngendlala yomoya" noma "ukuminza" (Lo muzwa ubizwa ngokuthi "i-paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea" uma ikwenza ukuthi uvuke emahoreni ayi-1 kuya kwayi-2 ngemuva kokulala bese ulwela ukubamba umoya.)
• Imisindo yokububula, ukugigitheka, noma ukuphefumula ngokuphefumula
• Izinkinga ukukhuluma ngemisho ephelele ngenxa yokuphelelwa umoya

Ezinye izimpawu zingafaka:

• Ukukhathazeka noma ukungahlaliseki
• Nciphisa izinga lokuqapha
• Ukuvuvukala komlenze noma kwesisu
• Isikhumba esiphaphathekile
• Ukujuluka (ngokweqile)

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa okuphelele komzimba.

Umhlinzeki uzolalela amaphaphu akho nenhliziyo nge-stethoscope ukuyihlola:

• Inhliziyo engajwayelekile izwakala
• Ama-crackles emaphashini akho, abizwa ngama-rales
• Ukunyuka kwenhliziyo (tachycardia)
• Ukuphefumula okusheshayo (tachypnea)

Ezinye izinto ezingabonakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa zifaka:

• Ukuvuvukala komlenze noma kwesisu
• Ukungajwayelekile kwemithambo yakho yentamo (engakhombisa ukuthi kukhona uketshezi oluningi emzimbeni wakho)
• Umbala wesikhumba ophuzi noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-pallor noma i-cyanosis)

Ukuhlolwa okungenzeka kufaka:

• Amakhemikhali egazi
• Amazinga e-oksijeni egazi (i-oximetry noma i-arterial blood gases)
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• Qedela ukubalwa kwegazi (CBC)
• I-Echocardiogram (i-ultrasound yenhliziyo) ukubona ukuthi kunezinkinga yini ngemisipha yenhliziyo
• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG) ukubheka izimpawu zesifo senhliziyo noma izinkinga ngesigqi senhliziyo

I-edema yamaphaphu cishe iphathwa njalo egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo noma esibhedlela. Ungadinga ukuthi ube segumbini labagula kakhulu (i-ICU).

• I-oksijeni inikezwa ngesifihla-buso sobuso noma amashubhu amancane epulasitiki abekwe ekhaleni.
• Ishubhu lokuphefumula lingafakwa ku-windpipe (trachea) ukuze ukwazi ukuxhunywa emshinini wokuphefumula (i-ventilator) uma ungakwazi ukuphefumula kahle uwedwa.

Imbangela ye-edema kufanele ikhonjwe futhi yelashwe ngokushesha. Isibonelo, uma isifo senhliziyo sidale lesi simo, kufanele silashwe ngokushesha.

Imithi engasetshenziswa ifaka phakathi:

• Izidakamizwa ezisusa uketshezi oluningi emzimbeni
• Imithi eqinisa imisipha yenhliziyo, ilawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo, noma yehlise ingcindezi enhliziyweni
• Eminye imithi lapho ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo akuyona imbangela ye-edema ye-pulmonary

Umbono uncike embangela. Isimo singase sibe ngcono ngokushesha noma kancane. Abanye abantu bangadinga ukusebenzisa umshini wokuphefumula isikhathi eside. Uma singelashwa, lesi simo singasongela impilo.

Iya egumbini labezimo eziphuthumayo noma ushayele ku-911 noma inombolo ephuthumayo yendawo uma unezinkinga zokuphefumula.

Thatha yonke imithi yakho njengoba uqondisiwe uma unesifo esingaholela ku-edema yamaphaphu noma kwisicubu senhliziyo esibuthakathaka.

Ukulandela ukudla okunempilo okungenawo usawoti namafutha amaningi, nokulawula ezinye izinto eziyingozi kunganciphisa ubungozi bokuba nalesi simo.

Ukuminyana kwamaphaphu; Amanzi amaphaphu; Ukucinana kwamaphaphu; Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo - i-edema yamaphaphu

• Amaphaphu
• Uhlelo lokuphefumula

UFelker GM, Teerlink JR. Ukuxilongwa nokuphathwa kokuhluleka kwenhliziyo okunamandla. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ama-eds. Isifo Senhliziyo SikaBraunwald: Incwadi Yemithi Yezinhliziyo Nemithambo. Umhla ka-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 24.

UMatthay MA, uMurray JF. I-edema yamaphaphu. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, abakwa-eds. Incwadi kaMurray neNadel Yemithi Yokuphefumula. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 62.

URogers JG, O'Connor CM. Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo: i-pathophysiology kanye nokuxilongwa. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 52.