Umhlahlandlela wokusiza izingane ziqonde umdlavuza

-Delile

• IZINGANE ZINEMINYAKA EYI-0 kuya kwengu-2
• IZINGANE ZINEMINYAKA EMI-2 kuya kwengu-7
• IZINGANE ZINEMINYAKA EMI-7 kuya kwengu-12
• IZINGANE ZINEMINYAKA ENGU-12 NAKUDALA

Lapho ingane yakho kutholakala ukuthi inomdlavuza, enye yezinto ezinzima kakhulu okufanele uyenze ukuchaza ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukuba nomdlavuza. Yazi ukuthi lokho okutshela ingane yakho kuzosiza ingane yakho ibhekane nomdlavuza. Ukuchaza izinto ngokwethembeka ezingeni elifanele lobudala bengane yakho kuzosiza ingane yakho ingesabi.

Izingane ziqonda izinto ngokuhlukile ngokuya ngeminyaka yazo. Ukwazi ukuthi ingane yakho ingaqonda ini, nokuthi imiphi imibuzo engayibuza, kungakusiza wazi kangcono ukuthi uzothini.

Ingane ngayinye yehlukile. Ezinye izingane ziqonda ngaphezu kwezinye. Indlela osebenza ngayo usuku nosuku izoncika ebudaleni nasekuvuthweni kwengane yakho. Nayi inkomba ejwayelekile.

IZINGANE ZINEMINYAKA EYI-0 kuya kwengu-2

Izingane ezikule minyaka:

• Qonda kuphela izinto abakwazi ukuzizwa ngokuthinta nokubona
• Ungaqondi umdlavuza
• Ukugxila kulokho okwenzekayo okwamanje
• Besaba ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha nobuhlungu
• Besaba ukuba kude nabazali babo

Ungakhuluma kanjani nezingane ezineminyaka engu-0 kuya kwengu-2:

• Khuluma nengane yakho ngalokho okwenzekayo okwamanje noma ngalolo suku.
• Chaza izinqubo nokuhlolwa ngaphambi kokuba ufike. Isibonelo, yazisa ingane yakho ukuthi inaliti izolimala kancane, futhi kulungile ukukhala.
• Nikeza ingane yakho izinqumo, njengezindlela ezimnandi zokuphuza umuthi, izincwadi ezintsha noma amavidiyo ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, noma ukuxuba imithi namajusi ahlukene.
• Yazisa ingane yakho ukuthi uzohlala unabo esibhedlela.
• Chaza ukuthi bazohlala isikhathi esingakanani esibhedlela nokuthi bazogoduka nini.

IZINGANE ZINEMINYAKA EMI-2 kuya kwengu-7

Izingane ezikule minyaka:

• Ungaqonda umdlavuza lapho uchaza usebenzisa amagama alula.
• Bheka imbangela nomphumela. Bangasola ukugula emcimbini othile, njengokungaqedi ukudla kwakusihlwa.
• Besaba ukuba kude nabazali babo.
• Kungenzeka wesabe ukuthi bazodinga ukuhlala esibhedlela.
• Besaba ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha nobuhlungu.

Ungakhuluma kanjani nezingane ezineminyaka emi-2 kuya kwengu-7 ubudala:

• Sebenzisa amagama alula njengokuthi "amaseli amahle" kanye "namaseli amabi" ukuchaza umdlavuza. Ungasho ukuthi umncintiswano phakathi kwezinhlobo ezimbili zamaseli.
• Tshela ingane yakho ukuthi idinga ukwelashwa ukuze ubuhlungu buphele futhi amaseli amahle akwazi ukuqina.
• Qinisekisa ukuthi ingane yakho iyazi ukuthi akukho lutho olwenzile oludale umdlavuza.
• Chaza izinqubo nokuhlolwa ngaphambi kokuba ufike. Yazisa ingane yakho ukuthi kuzokwenzekani, futhi KULUNGILE ukwesaba noma ukukhala. Qinisekisa ingane yakho ukuthi odokotela banezindlela zokwenza izivivinyo zingabi buhlungu kangako.
• Qiniseka ukuthi wena noma iqembu lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lengane yakho ninikela ngezinketho nemivuzo.
• Yazisa ingane yakho ukuthi uzoba eceleni kwayo esibhedlela nokuthi iya nini ekhaya.

IZINGANE ZINEMINYAKA EMI-7 kuya kwengu-12

Izingane ezikule minyaka:

• Qonda umdlavuza ngomqondo oyisisekelo
• Cabanga ngokugula kwabo njengezimpawu nalokho abangakwazi ukukwenza uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izingane
• Qonda ukuthi ukuba ngcono kuvela ekuthatheni imithi nokwenza lokho okushiwo odokotela
• Akunakwenzeka ukuthi basole ukugula kwabo kokuthile abakwenzile
• Besaba ubuhlungu futhi balinyazwe
• Sizokuzwa imininingwane ngomdlavuza evela emithonjeni yangaphandle efana nesikole, i-TV, ne-Intanethi

Ungakhuluma kanjani nezingane ezineminyaka engu-7 kuya kwengu-12:

• Chaza amangqamuzana omdlavuza njengamaseli "enza inkinga".
• Tshela ingane yakho ukuthi umzimba unezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamaseli adinga ukwenza imisebenzi ehlukene emzimbeni. Amaseli womdlavuza angena endleleni yamaseli amahle futhi ukwelashwa kusiza ukuqeda amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
• Chaza izinqubo nokuhlolwa ngaphambi kokuba ufike nokuthi kulungile ukuba novalo noma ukugula ngakho.
• Buza ingane yakho ukuthi ikwazise ngezinto ezizwile ngomdlavuza kusuka kweminye imithombo noma ngabe yiziphi izinkathazo ezinazo. Qiniseka ukuthi imininingwane abanayo iyiqiniso.

IZINGANE ZINEMINYAKA ENGU-12 NAKUDALA

Izingane ezikule minyaka:

• Ungaqonda imiqondo eyinkimbinkimbi
• Ungacabanga ngezinto ezingazange zenzeke kubo
• Kungaba nemibuzo eminingi ngokugula kwabo
• Cabanga ngokugula kwabo njengezimpawu nokuthi yini abayikhumbulayo noma abangakwazi ukuyenza uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izingane
• Qonda ukuthi ukuba ngcono kuvela ekuthatheni imithi nokwenza lokho okushiwo odokotela
• Ungafuna ukusiza ukwenza izinqumo
• Kungakhathazeka kakhulu ngemiphumela emibi yomzimba njengokulahleka kwezinwele noma ukuzuza kwesisindo
• Sizokuzwa imininingwane ngomdlavuza evela emithonjeni yangaphandle efana nesikole, i-TV, ne-Intanethi

Ungakhuluma kanjani nezingane ezineminyaka engu-12 nangaphezulu:

• Chaza umdlavuza njengesifo lapho amanye amaseli ephuma eganga futhi ekhula ngokushesha okukhulu.
• Amaseli womdlavuza angena endleleni yokuthi umzimba udinga ukusebenza kanjani.
• Ukwelashwa kuzobulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukuze umzimba usebenze kahle nezimpawu zizophela.
• Thembeka ngezinqubo, izivivinyo, kanye nemiphumela engemihle.
• Khuluma ngokukhululekile nengane yakho ngezinketho zokwelashwa, ukukhathazeka nokwesaba.
• Ezinganeni ezindala, kungahle kube nezinhlelo eziku-inthanethi ezingazisiza zifunde ngomdlavuza wazo nezindlela zokubhekana nazo.

Ezinye izindlela zokukhuluma nengane yakho ngomdlavuza:

• Zijwayeze lokho ozokusho ngaphambi kokuletha izihloko ezintsha nengane yakho.
• Buza umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo yengane yakho ngezeluleko zokuthi ungazichaza kanjani izinto.
• Iba nelinye ilungu lomndeni noma umhlinzeki uma ukhuluma ngomdlavuza kanye nokwelashwa.
• Hlola nengane yakho kaningi mayelana nokuthi ingane yakho ibhekana kanjani nayo.
• Thembeka.
• Yabelana ngemizwa yakho bese ucela ingane yakho ukuthi ikhulume ngemizwa yayo.
• Chaza amagama ezokwelapha ngezindlela ingane yakho engaqonda ngazo.

Ngenkathi indlela ohamba ngayo ingahle ingabi lula, khumbuza ingane yakho ukuthi iningi lezingane ezinomdlavuza ziyelapheka.

Iwebhusayithi yeAmerican Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO). Ingane iwuqonda kanjani umdlavuza. www.cancer.net/coping-and-emotions/communicating-loved-ones/how-child-understands-cancer. Kubuyekezwe uSepthemba 2019. Kufinyelelwe ngoMashi 18, 2020.

Iwebhusayithi yeNational Cancer Institute. Intsha kanye nabantu abadala abanomdlavuza. www.cancer.gov/types/aya. Kubuyekezwe ngoJanuwari 31, 2018. Kufinyelelwe ngoMashi 18, 2020.

• Umdlavuza Ezinganeni