I-Strabismus

IStrabismus yisifo lapho amehlo womabili angahleleli ohlangothini olufanayo.Ngakho-ke, ababheki entweni efanayo ngasikhathi sinye. Indlela ejwayelekile kakhulu ye-strabismus yaziwa ngokuthi "amehlo awele."

Imisipha ehlukene eyisithupha izungeze iso ngalinye futhi isebenze "njengeqembu." Lokhu kuvumela womabili amehlo ukuthi agxile entweni efanayo.

Kumuntu one-strabismus, le misipha ayisebenzi ndawonye. Ngenxa yalokho, iso elilodwa libuka into eyodwa, kanti elinye iso liphenduka liqonde kolunye uhlangothi bese libheka enye into.

Uma lokhu kwenzeka, izithombe ezimbili ezihlukene zithunyelwa ebuchosheni - esisodwa esweni ngalinye. Lokhu kudida ubuchopho. Ezinganeni, ubuchopho bungafunda ukunganaki (ukucindezela) isithombe esweni elibuthakathaka.

Uma i-strabismus ingelashwa, iso iso lobuchopho elingalinaki alisoze labona kahle. Lokhu kulahleka kombono kubizwa ngokuthi yi-amblyopia. Elinye igama le-amblyopia "iso elvilaphayo." Kwesinye isikhathi iso elvilaphayo likhona kuqala, futhi lidala i-strabismus.

Ezinganeni eziningi ezine-strabismus, imbangela ayaziwa. Ezingaphezu kwesigamu salezi zimo, inkinga ikhona noma ngemuva nje kokuzalwa. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-congenital strabismus.

Isikhathi esiningi, inkinga ihlobene nokulawulwa kwemisipha, hhayi ngamandla emisipha.

Ezinye izinkinga ezihambisana ne-strabismus ezinganeni zifaka:

• I-Apert syndrome
• Ukukhubazeka kobuchopho
• I-rubella yokuzalwa
• IHemangioma eduzane neso ngesikhathi sobuntwana
• I-incontinentia pigmenti syndrome
• I-Noonan syndrome
• Isifo sikaPrader-Willi
• I-retinopathy ye-prematurity
• I-Retinoblastoma
• Ukulimala kwengqondo okubuhlungu
• I-Trisomy 18

I-Strabismus eqala kubantu abadala ingabangelwa:

• I-Botulism
• Isifo sikashukela (sidala isimo esaziwa njenge-strabismus esikhubazekile)
• Isifo samathuna
• Isifo se-Guillain-Barré
• Ukulimala esweni
• Ubuthi beShellfish
• Unhlangothi
• Ukulimala kwengqondo okubuhlungu
• Ukulahleka kombono kunoma yisiphi isifo samehlo noma ukulimala

Umlando womndeni we-strabismus uyingozi. Ukubona kude kungaba nomthelela, ngokuvamile ezinganeni. Noma yisiphi esinye isifo esidala ukulahleka kombono nakho kungadala i-strabismus.

Izimpawu ze-strabismus zingaba khona ngaso sonke isikhathi noma zize zidlule. Izimpawu zingafaka:

• Amehlo awele
• Umbono ophindwe kabili
• Amehlo angahlosi ohlangothini olufanayo
• Ukuhamba kwamehlo okungahambisani (amehlo awahambi ndawonye)
• Ukulahleka kombono noma ukuqonda okujulile

Kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ukuthi izingane kungenzeka zingazi umbono ophindwe kabili. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-amblyopia ingakhula ngokushesha.

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba. Lokhu kuhlolwa kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okuningiliziwe.

Ukuhlolwa okulandelayo kuzokwenziwa ukuthola ukuthi amehlo aphume kangakanani ekuqondeni.

• I-Corneal light reflex
• Ikhava / vula isivivinyo
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-retinal
• Ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kwamehlo
• Ubukhali obubukwayo

Ukuhlolwa kobuchopho nokwethuka kwemizwa nakho kuzokwenziwa.

Isinyathelo sokuqala ekwelapheni i-strabismus ezinganeni ukunikezela izibuko, uma kudingeka.

Okulandelayo, i-amblyopia noma iso elvilaphayo kufanele liphathwe. Isiqephu sibekwe phezu kweso elingcono. Lokhu kuphoqa ubuchopho ukuthi busebenzise iso elibuthakathaka futhi bathole ukubona okungcono.

Ingane yakho ingahle ingathandi ukugqoka isichibi noma izibuko zamehlo. Isiqephu siphoqa ingane ukuba ibone ngeso elibuthakathaka ekuqaleni. Kodwa-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa isichibi noma izibuko zamehlo njengoba kuqondisiwe.

Ukuhlinzwa kwemisipha yamehlo kungadingeka uma amehlo engahambi kahle. Imisipha ehlukene esweni izokwenziwa ibe namandla noma ibe buthakathaka.

Ukuhlinzwa kwemisipha yamehlo akulungisi umbono ompofu weso elvilaphayo. Ukuhlinzwa kwemisipha kuzokwehluleka uma i-amblyopia ingazange yelashwe. Ingane kusadingeka ukuthi ifake izibuko ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Ukuhlinzwa kuphumelela kakhulu uma kwenziwa lapho ingane isencane.

Abantu abadala abane-strabismus emnene eza futhi idlule ingenza kahle ngezibuko. Ukuzivocavoca kwemisipha yamehlo kungasiza ukugcina amehlo eqondile. Izinhlobo ezinzima kakhulu zizodinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze kuqondiswe amehlo. Uma i-strabismus yenzekile ngenxa yokulahleka kombono, ukulahleka kombono kuzodinga ukulungiswa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwe-strabismus kungaphumelela.

Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, amehlo angabukeka eqondile, kepha izinkinga zokubona zingahlala.

Ingane kungenzeka ukuthi isenezinkinga zokufunda esikoleni. Abantu abadala bangakuthola kunzima ukushayela. Umbono ungathinta ikhono lokudlala imidlalo.

Ezimweni eziningi, inkinga ingalungiswa uma ikhonjwa futhi yelashwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ukulahleka kombono okungapheli esweni elilodwa kungenzeka uma ukwelashwa kubambezeleka. Uma i-amblyopia ingalashwa cishe ngeminyaka eyi-11, kungenzeka ihlale unomphela, kepha ucwaningo olusha lukhombisa ukuthi uhlobo olukhethekile lokubhaka kanye nemithi ethile kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni i-amblyopia, noma kubantu abadala. Cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yezingane ezine-strabismus izokhula i-amblyopia.

Izingane eziningi zizophinde zithole i-strabismus noma i-amblyopia. Ngakho-ke, ingane izodinga ukugadwa kakhulu.

I-Strabismus kufanele ihlolwe ngokushesha. Shayela umhlinzeki wakho noma udokotela wamehlo uma ingane yakho:

• Kubonakala sengathi amehlo aphikisiwe
• Izikhalazo zombono ophindwe kabili
• Unenkinga yokubona

Qaphela: Izinkinga zokufunda nezesikole kwesinye isikhathi zingabangelwa ukungakwazi kwengane ukubona ibhodi noma okokufunda.

Amehlo awele; I-Esotropia; I-Exotropia; I-Hypotropia; Hypertropia; Ukuqwayiza; Walleye; Ukungahambi kahle kwamehlo

• Ukulungiswa kwemisipha yamehlo - ukukhishwa

• Amehlo awele
• Ama-Walleyes

I-American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology kanye newebhusayithi yeStrabismus. I-Strabismus. aapos.org/browse/glossary/entry?GlossaryKey=f95036af-4a14-4397-bf8f-87e3980398b4. Kubuyekezwe u-Okthoba 7, 2020. Kufinyelelwe kuDisemba 16, 2020.

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I-Lavin PJM. I-Neuro-ophthalmology: ocular motor system. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ama-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley ekwenziweni kwemitholampilo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 44.

U-Olitsky SE, uMarsh JD. Ukuphazamiseka kokuhamba kwamehlo nokuqondanisa. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 641.

I-Salmon JF. I-Strabismus. Ku: Salmon JF, ed. IKanski’s Clinical Ophthalmology. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 18.

I-Yen MY. Ukwelashwa kwe-amblyopia: umbono omusha. I-Taiwan J Ophthalmol. 2017; 7 (2): 59-61. I-PMID: 29018758 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29018758/.