Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-Hypothalamic

Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-Hypothalamic kuyinkinga ngengxenye yobuchopho ebizwa nge-hypothalamus. I-hypothalamus isiza ukulawula i-pituitary gland futhi ilawula imisebenzi eminingi yomzimba.

I-hypothalamus isiza ukugcina imisebenzi yangaphakathi yomzimba ngokulinganisela. Kuyasiza ukulawula:

• Ukudla nesisindo
• Ukushisa komzimba
• Ukubeletha
• Imizwelo, isimilo, inkumbulo
• Ukukhula
• Ukukhiqizwa kobisi lwebele
• Ukulingana kukasawoti namanzi
• Ukushayela ucansi
• Umjikelezo wokulala newashi lomzimba

Omunye umsebenzi obalulekile we-hypothalamus ukulawula i-pituitary gland. I-pituitary iyindlala encane engxenyeni yobuchopho. Ilele ngaphansi nje kwe-hypothalamus. I-pituitary yona, ilawula okulandelayo:

• Izindlala ze-adrenal
• Amaqanda
• Ukuhlolwa
• Indlala yegilo

Kunezimbangela eziningi zokungasebenzi kahle kwe-hypothalamic. Okuvame kakhulu ukuhlinzwa, ukulimala ebuchosheni okubuhlungu, izicubu nemisebe.

Ezinye izimbangela zifaka:

• Izinkinga zokudla okunomsoco, njengokuphazamiseka kokudla (i-anorexia), ukwehlisa isisindo ngokweqile
• Izinkinga zomkhumbi wegazi ebuchosheni, njenge-aneurysm, i-pituitary apoplexy, i-subarachnoid hemorrhage
• Izinkinga zofuzo, ezifana ne-Prader-Willi syndrome, i-insipidus yesifo sikashukela somndeni, i-Kallmann syndrome
• Ukutheleleka nokuvuvukala (ukuvuvukala) ngenxa yezifo ezithile zomzimba

Izimpawu zivame ukubangelwa ama-hormone noma amasiginali obuchopho angekho. Ezinganeni, kungaba nezinkinga zokukhula, kungaba ukukhula okukhulu kakhulu noma okuncane kakhulu. Kwezinye izingane, ukuthomba kwenzeka kusenesikhathi noma sekwephuze kakhulu.

Izimpawu zesimila zingafaka ikhanda noma ukulahleka kombono.

Uma i-thyroid ithintekile, kungaba nezimpawu ze-thyroid engasebenzi kahle (i-hypothyroidism). Izimpawu zingafaka ukuzwa ukubanda ngaso sonke isikhathi, ukuqunjelwa, ukukhathala, noma ukuzuza kwesisindo, phakathi kwabanye.

Uma izindlala ze-adrenal zithintekile, kungahle kube nezimpawu zomsebenzi ophansi we-adrenal. Izimpawu zingafaka ukukhathala, ubuthakathaka, ukungathandi ukudla, ukuncipha, nokungabi nentshisekelo kwemisebenzi.

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba abuze ngezimpawu zakho.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi noma umchamo kungahle kuhlelwe ukuthola amazinga ama-hormone afana nalawa:

• ICortisol
• I-Estrogen
• Ozokusebenzisa
• Ama-hormone wesibeletho
• Iprolactin
• I-testosterone
• Indlala yegilo
• Sodium
• Igazi nomchamo osmolality
  

Okunye ukuhlolwa okungenzeka kufaka:

• Imijovo yeHormone elandelwa amasampula egazi enesikhathi
• Izikrini ze-MRI noma ze-CT zobuchopho
• Ukuhlolwa kweso kwensimu ebonakalayo (uma kukhona isimila)

Ukwelashwa kuya ngesizathu sokungasebenzi kahle kwe-hypothalamic:

• Kuma-tumors, ukuhlinzwa noma imisebe kungadingeka.
• Ngokushoda kwe-hormonal, ama-hormone alahlekile adinga ukushintshwa ngokuthatha umuthi. Lokhu kusebenza ngezinkinga ze-pituitary, kanye nosawoti namanzi esele.
• Imithi imvamisa ayisebenzi ekushintsheni komthetho wokushisa noma wokulala.
• Eminye imithi ingasiza ezinkingeni ezihlobene nokulawulwa kwesifiso sokudla.

Izimbangela eziningi zokungasebenzi kahle kwe-hypothalamic ziyelapheka. Isikhathi esiningi, ama-hormone angekho angashintshwa.

Izinkinga zokungasebenzi kahle kwe-hypothalamic zincike embangela.

AMAKHAMBI OBuchopho

• Ubumpumputhe obungapheli
• Izinkinga ezihlobene nendawo yobuchopho lapho kwenzeka khona isimila
• Ukuphazamiseka kombono
• Izinkinga zokulawula usawoti namanzi

I-HYPOTHYROIDISM

• Izinkinga zenhliziyo
• I-cholesterol ephezulu

UKWANELISEKA KWANGEMPELA

• Ukwehluleka ukubhekana nengcindezi (njengokuhlinzwa noma ukutheleleka), okungasongela impilo ngokubanga umfutho wegazi ophansi

UKUPHUMELELA KOBULILI KWELILI

• Isifo senhliziyo
• Izinkinga zokwakhiwa
• Ukungabi nenzalo
• Amathambo amancane (i-osteoporosis)
• Izinkinga ukuncelisa ibele

UKUKHULA KWEHORMONE

• I-cholesterol ephezulu
• I-osteoporosis
• Isiqu esifushane (ezinganeni)
• Ubuthakathaka

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma une:

• Ukuphathwa ikhanda
• Izimpawu ze-hormone ngokweqile noma ukushoda
• Izinkinga zombono

Uma unezimpawu zokushoda kwe-hormonal, xoxa ngokwelashwa okushintshayo nomhlinzeki wakho.

Ama-syndromes we-Hypothalamic

• Isistimu yezinzwa emaphakathi nesistimu yezinzwa ezungezayo
• I-Hypothalamus

UGiustina A, uBraunstein GD. Ama-syndromes we-Hypothalamic. Ku: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, abahleli. I-Endocrinology: Eyabantu Abadala Neyengane. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 10.

I-Weiss RE. I-Neuroendocrinology kanye nohlelo lwe-neuroendocrine. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 210.