I-Aneurysm ebuchosheni

I-aneurysm yindawo ebuthakathaka odongeni lomthambo wegazi obangela ukuthi umthambo wegazi uqhume noma uphume ibhaluni. Lapho i-aneurysm ivela emthanjeni wegazi wobuchopho, ibizwa ngokuthi yi-cerebral, noma i-intracranial, aneurysm.

Ama-aurysms ebuchosheni ayenzeka lapho kunendawo ebuthakathaka odongeni lwesitsha segazi. I-aneurysm ingaba khona kusukela ekuzalweni (kokuzalwa). Noma, ingahle ikhule kamuva empilweni.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-aneurysms obuchopho. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lubizwa nge-aneurysm yamajikijolo. Lolu hlobo lungahluka ngosayizi kusuka kumamilimitha ambalwa kuye ngaphezu kwesentimitha. Ama-aneurysms amajikijolo amakhulu angaba amakhulu kunamasentimitha ayi-2.5. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu kubantu abadala. Ama-aneurysms ama-Berry, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona angaphezu kwelilodwa, kwesinye isikhathi adluliselwa emindenini.

Ezinye izinhlobo zama-cerebral aneurysms zibandakanya ukunwetshwa kwegazi lonke. Noma, zingahle zibonakale njengebhaluni ephuma engxenyeni ethile yegazi. Ama-aneurysms anjalo angenzeka kunoma yisiphi isitsha segazi esinikeza ubuchopho. Ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi (i-atherosclerosis), ukuhlukumezeka, kanye nokutheleleka kungalimaza udonga lomthambo wegazi futhi kubangele nama-cerebral aneurysms.

Ama-aneurysms obuchopho ajwayelekile. Umuntu oyedwa kubantu abangamashumi ayisihlanu une-aneurysm yobuchopho, kepha kuphela inani elincane lala ma-aneurysms adala izimpawu noma ukuqhekeka.

Izici zobungozi zifaka:

• Umlando womndeni wama-aneurysms ebuchosheni
• Izinkinga zezokwelapha ezifana nesifo sezinso se-polycystic, ukubanda kwe-aorta, ne-endocarditis
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu, ukubhema, utshwala, nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ngokungemthetho

Umuntu angaba ne-aneurysm ngaphandle kokuba nezimpawu. Lolu hlobo lwe-aneurysm lungatholakala lapho ukuhlolwa kwe-MRI noma kwe-CT kobuchopho kwenziwa ngesinye isizathu.

I-aneurysm yobuchopho ingaqala ukuvuza inani elincane legazi. Lokhu kungadala ikhanda elibuhlungu umuntu angalichaza "njengekhanda elibi kakhulu empilweni yami." Kungabizwa ngokuthi ukuduma kwezulu noma ikhanda le-sentinel. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuphathwa ikhanda kungaba uphawu oluyisixwayiso lokwephuka kwesikhathi esizayo okungenzeka kube izinsuku kuya emasontweni ngemuva kokuqala kwekhanda.

Izimpawu zingavela futhi uma i-aneurysm idlulela ezakhiweni eziseduze ebuchosheni noma iqhekeka (iqhekeka) futhi idale ukuphuma kwegazi ebuchosheni.

Izimpawu zincike lapho kutholakala khona i-aneurysm, noma ngabe ivuleka, nokuthi iyiphi ingxenye yobuchopho eqhubeka nayo. Izimpawu zingafaka:

• Umbono ophindwe kabili
• Ukulahleka kombono
• Ukuphathwa ikhanda
• Ubuhlungu bamehlo
• Ubuhlungu bentamo
• Intamo eqinile
• Kukhala ezindlebeni

Ikhanda elibuhlungu, elibuhlungu ngokuzumayo, ngesinye sezimpawu ze-aneurysm eqhekekile. Ezinye izimpawu zokuqhekeka kwe-aneurysm zingafaka:

• Ukudideka, akukho mandla, ubuthongo, ubuthongo, noma ikhoma
• Ijwabu lehla
• Ukuphathwa yikhanda okunesicanucanu noma ukuhlanza
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha noma ubunzima bokuhambisa noma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba
• Ukuba ndikindiki noma ukwehla kwemizwa kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba
• Izinkinga ukukhuluma
• Ukuquleka
• Intamo eqinile (ngezikhathi ezithile)
• Izinguquko zombono (umbono ophindwe kabili, ukulahleka kombono)
• Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi

QAPHELA: I-aneurysm eqhekekile iyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Shayela ku-911 noma inombolo yakho ephuthumayo yasendaweni.

Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo kungakhombisa izimpawu zokucindezela okwandayo ebuchosheni, kufaka phakathi ukuvuvukala kwe-optic nerve noma ukuphuma kwegazi ku-retina yeso. Ukuhlolwa komtholampilo kungakhombisa ukunyakaza kwamehlo okungajwayelekile, inkulumo, amandla, noma ukuzwa.

Ukuhlolwa okulandelayo kungasetshenziselwa ukuxilonga i-aneurysm ye-cerebral bese kunquma imbangela yokopha ebuchosheni:

• I-Cerebral angiography noma i-CT scan angiography (CTA) yekhanda ukukhombisa indawo nosayizi we-aneurysm
• Thepha umgogodla
• I-CT scan yekhanda
• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG)
• I-MRI yekhanda noma i-MRI angiogram (MRA)

Izindlela ezimbili ezivamile zisetshenziselwa ukulungisa i-aneurysm.

• Ukusikwa kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kobuchopho okuvulekile (i-craniotomy).
• Ukulungiswa kwe-Endovascular kuvame ukwenziwa. Imvamisa kufaka i-coil noma i-coil ne-stenting. Le yindlela engatheni futhi evame kakhulu yokwelapha ama-aneurysms.

Akuwona wonke ama-aneurysms adinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Lezo ezincane kakhulu (ezingaphansi kuka-3 mm) mancane amathuba okuthi zivuleke.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokusiza unqume ukuthi kuphephile yini noma cha ukuhlinzwa ukuvimba i-aneurysm ngaphambi kokuthi ivuleke. Kwesinye isikhathi abantu bagula kakhulu ukuthi bangahlinzwa, noma kungaba yingozi ukwelapha i-aneurysm ngenxa yendawo ekuyo.

I-aneurysm eqhekekile yisimo esiphuthumayo esidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Ukwelashwa kungafaka:

• Ukwamukelwa egunjini labagula kakhulu esibhedlela (ICU)
• Qedela ukuphumula kombhede nemikhawulo yomsebenzi
• Ukugeleza kwegazi endaweni yobuchopho (i-cerebral ventricular drainage)
• Imithi yokuvikela ukuquleka
• Imithi yokulawula ikhanda nomfutho wegazi
• Imithi ngomthambo (IV) ukuvikela ukutheleleka

Lapho i-aneurysm isilungisiwe, kungadingeka ukwelashwa ukuvimbela isifo sohlangothi esivela emithanjeni yegazi.

Wenza kahle kangakanani kuncike ezintweni eziningi. Abantu abase-coma ejulile ngemuva kokuqhuma kwe-aneurysm abenzi kanye nalabo abanezimpawu ezinzima.

Ukuqhuma kwe-cerebral aneurysms kuvame ukubulala. Kulabo abasindayo, abanye abanakho ukukhubazeka okuhlala njalo. Abanye banokukhubazeka okulingene kuya kokulingene.

Izinkinga ze-aneurysm ebuchosheni zingafaka:

• Ukwanda kwengcindezi ngaphakathi kogebhezi
• IHydrocephalus, edalwa ukuqoqwa koketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal kuma-ventricles obuchopho
• Ukulahlekelwa ukunyakaza engxenyeni eyodwa noma eziningi zomzimba
• Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa kwanoma iyiphi ingxenye yobuso noma yomzimba
• Ukuquleka
• Unhlangothi
• Ukopha okungaphansi kwe-Subarachnoid

Iya egumbini labezimo eziphuthumayo noma ushayele ku-911 noma inombolo yakho ephuthumayo yendawo uma unekhanda elingalindelekile noma elibuhlungu, ikakhulukazi uma unesicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukuquleka, noma esinye isibonakaliso sesistimu yezinzwa.

Fonela futhi uma unekhanda elingajwayelekile kuwe, ikakhulukazi uma libucayi noma ikhanda lakho elibi kunawo wonke ake aba khona.

Ayikho indlela eyaziwayo yokuvimbela i-aneurysm yamajikijolo ukuthi yakheke. Ukwelapha umfutho wegazi ophakeme kunganciphisa amathuba okuthi i-aneurysm ekhona iqhume. Ukulawula izici eziyingozi ze-atherosclerosis kunganciphisa amathuba ezinye izinhlobo zama-aneurysms.

Abantu abaziwa ukuthi bane-aneurysm bangadinga ukuvakashelwa odokotela njalo ukuze baqiniseke ukuthi i-aneurysm ayishintshi usayizi noma ukuma.

Uma kutholakala ama-aneurysms angaphazanyiswanga ngesikhathi, angalashwa ngaphambi kokubangela izinkinga noma abhekwe nge-imaging ejwayelekile (imvamisa minyaka yonke).

Isinqumo sokulungisa i-aneurysm engaphazamisekanga yobuchopho sincike ebungako nasendaweni ye-aneurysm, kanye neminyaka yomuntu nempilo ejwayelekile.

I-Aneurysm - ubuchopho; I-cerebral aneurysm; I-Aneurysm - engasebenzi

• Ukulungiswa kwe-aneurysm yobuchopho - ukukhipha
• Ukuphathwa ikhanda - ukuthi yini okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho

• I-cerebral aneurysm
• I-cerebral aneurysm

Iwebhusayithi yeAmerican Stroke Association. Okufanele ukwazi ngama-aneurysms we-cerebral. www.stroke.org/en/about-stroke/types-of-stroke/hemorrhagic-strokes-bleeds/ what-you-should-now-about-cerebral-aneurysms#.Wv1tfUiFO1t. Kubuyekezwe uDisemba 5, 2018. Kufinyelelwe ngo-Agasti 21, 2020.

I-National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke iwebhusayithi. Ishidi lamaqiniso we-Cerebral aneurysms. www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Fact-Sheets/Cerebral-Aneurysms-Fact-Sheet. Kubuyekezwe ngoMashi 13, 2020. Kufinyelelwe ngo-Agasti 21, 2020.

USzeder V, uTateshima S, uDuckwiler GR. Ama-aneurysms we-Intracranial kanye ne-subarachnoid hemorrhage. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ama-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley ekwenziweni kwemitholampilo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 67.

UThompson BG, uBrown RD Jr, u-Amin-Hanjani S, et al. Imihlahlandlela yokuphathwa kweziguli ezinama-aneurysms we-intracranial angaphazamiseki: umhlahlandlela wabasebenzi bezempilo abavela e-American Heart Association / American Stroke Association. Unhlangothi. 2015: 46 (8): 2368-2400. I-PMID: 26089327 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26089327/.