Uyini u-Abulia?

-Delile

• Ukubuka konke
• Izimpawu ze-abulia
• Izimbangela ze-abulia
• Ukuhlonza abulia
• Ukwelapha u-abulia
• Imibandela ehlotshaniswa ne-abulia
• Uyini umbono?

Ukubuka konke

U-Abulia ukugula okuvame ukwenzeka ngemuva kokulimala endaweni noma ezindaweni zobuchopho. Ihambisana nezilonda zobuchopho.

Ngenkathi i-abulia ingaba khona yodwa, ivame ukutholakala ngokuhlangana nezinye izifo. Lokhu kuphazamiseka kungaba yimizwa yezinzwa noma yezengqondo ngokwemvelo.

I-Abulia yisimo esingatholakali kabanzi futhi sihlukaniswa nokunganaki okunamandla. Lokhu kungaholela ekuntulekeni kwesisusa, futhi abaningi abane-abulia balwa nezinkinga zentando, ukuthanda, noma ukushayela.

Labo abane-abulia bahlangabezana nesisusa esincane naphezu kwemizwelo ejwayelekile, ukwazi nokuqonda. Umuntu one-abulia unezifiso, kepha angaba nobunzima bokwenza okudingekayo ukufeza izinhloso abazifisayo.

U-Abulia ujwayelekile kepha uvame ukudideka nezinye izindaba ezihlobene nobuchopho. Kukhona ongakhetha kukho ukwelashwa, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthi lesi simo sitholakale ngokufanele ukuze uthole ukwelashwa.

Ngaphandle kokubaluleka kokuxilongwa, lesi simo besivame ukwamukelwa. Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni yamuva nje, izingxoxo kanye nocwaningo mayelana nokuxilongwa kwe-abulia kukhuphukile.

Izimpawu ze-abulia

Umuntu one-abulia ukhombisa izimpawu ezibandakanya izinguquko ezingokomzwelo nezokuziphatha. Lesi simo asibangelwa amazinga anciphisiwe okuqaphela, ukunaka, noma amandla olimi.

Izimpawu zingafaka:

• ukulahlekelwa ukukhiqiza, umzamo, kanye nokuzimisela
• ukunganaki ngokomzwelo
• ukuntuleka kwezinhlelo nezinhloso
• okuncane noma ukungabikho kwenkulumo noma isenzo
• ukungabi nezimpendulo ezingokomzwelo emicimbini ebalulekile yokuphila
• imicabango emincane egxile emigomweni
• kwehlise intshisekelo yomphakathi
• ukunakwa kabi
• ukuphazamiseka kalula

Labo abane-abulia ngokuvamile bangachaza izinhloso, izintshisekelo, noma izinhlelo abanazo. Kodwa-ke, bavame ukukwenza ngendlela ebanzi futhi okwesikhashana, bebonisa izimpawu zokuqala zokunganaki.

Amacala amancane we-abulia avame kakhulu kunalawo anzima. Ngokuvamile kuvame kakhulu kubantu asebekhulile abanezinkinga zemizwelo, izingqinamba zezinzwa, nezinye izimo. U-Abulia uvame ukubonwa njengesimpawu esimweni somtholampilo esiyinkimbinkimbi.

Ucwaningo oluningi luyadingeka maqondana nokuxilongwa nokuphathwa kwe-abulia kubantu abadala asebekhulile. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba kubonakala kuhlangene nezifo eziningi nokuphazamiseka okuhlobene nokuguga.

Izimbangela ze-abulia

U-Abulia uvame ukubangelwa ukulimala ebuchosheni. Lokhu kulimala kubonakala ikakhulu ngesimo sezilonda zobuchopho.

Ukugqugquzela kubangelwa yizici zemvelo ezikhipha amasiginali we-neuron. Lapho izindawo zobuchopho zilimele, lezi zimpawu ze-neuron azisebenzi kahle. Lokhu kubangela ukungakwazi kobuchopho ukubhalisa umvuzo. Impendulo yokunganaki iyalandela.

Izindawo ezivame ukuthinteka ebuchosheni zifaka:

• i-basal ganglia
• ama-lobes angaphambili
• cingulate gyrus
• i-caudate nucleus
• iglobus pallidus

Kukhona lokho okuphakamisa ukuthi ukungasebenzi kahle kungenzeka ezindaweni ezingaphandle kwendawo yesilonda. Lezi zindawo zixhunywe, kepha ngaphandle kwendaba yobuchopho enezilonda.

Ngaphandle kwalokho kukhona i-neurotransmitter engaphezu kweyodwa ethintekayo, izifundo eziningi zigxile endimeni ye-dopamine ezimweni ze-abulia.

Isifundo esisodwa sesilwane sathola ukuthi ukulimala kwamasekethe e-dopaminergic ahlobene nokunganaki. Abaphenyi bacabanga ukuthi lezi zindlela yizo ezisenza sikwazi ukuphendukela esenzweni.

Kukhona nezenhlalo, ezemvelo kanye nezinto eziphilayo ezingathinta idrayivu. Lezi zinto zingadala ukunganaki. Akufanele badidaniswe nokuba khona kwe-abulia.

Ukuhlonza abulia

I-Abulia ingahle ivame kakhulu kunalokho okucatshangelwe ngaphambili, njengoba ijwayele ukuba yisimo esingatholakali kabanzi, esivame ukudideka nezinye izifo noma ukuphazamiseka. Lokhu kungaholela ekutheni abantu bangalashwa isikhathi eside.

Lesi simo sivame ukudideka no:

• ukudana
• aphasia
• ukuwohloka komqondo

Kubalulekile enqubeni yokuxilongwa ukukhipha izimo ezingaletha ukunganaki njengophawu. Ngenxa yalokhu, odokotela bavame ukwenza izivivinyo eziphelele zezinzwa nezengqondo lapho ukunganakwa kubandakanyeka ukuhlinzeka ngokuxilongwa okwehlukile.

Ocwaningweni lodokotela baseBrithani ngendaba yokunganaki kubantu abadala, ngaphansi kwamaphesenti angama-50 akholelwa ukuthi i-abulia yayihlukile ekucindezelekeni.

U-Abulia impela ukuxilongwa okuhlukile kusuka ekucindezelekeni. Ukudabuka noma imicabango emibi akubangelwa yi-abulia.

Udokotela wakho angalawula isimo sokuphumula fcMRI. Lokhu kuhlolwa kubandakanya ukwenza i-MRI ngaphandle kokucelwa ukuthi wenze imisebenzi ethile ngenkathi ubuchopho benziwe imephu. Ezinye izinhlobo zokucabanga kobuchopho njengokuhlolwa kwe-CT nakho kungasiza ekuhloleni izimo ezixhunywe ne-abulia.

Ukwelapha u-abulia

Udokotela udinga ukukhomba abulia kusenesikhathi ukuze bakwazi ukukusiza ukuthi ubone izinketho zokwelashwa ezingcono kakhulu kuwe.

Izinketho zokwelashwa njengamanje zifaka i-bromocriptine, efakazelwe ukuthi iyasebenza ekwehliseni ukunganaki.

Le ndlela yokwelashwa ivame ukunikezwa ngemithamo ephansi ngokwenyuka okuncane kumthamo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kufanele ubhekwe ngudokotela wakho ngenkathi uthatha i-bromocriptine, ngenxa yemiphumela emibi engaba khona, kufaka phakathi:

• ukozela
• kwehlisa umfutho wegazi
• ukwanda kokuziphatha okuphoqelela

Esibalweni esincane sezifundo, i-L-dopa yahlolwa njengenketho yokwelashwa engahle ibe khona. Lolu cwaningo luthole ukuthi i-L-dopa yelaphe ngempumelelo amacala abucayi e-abulia, kepha imiphumela yalo muthi ibingahlali isikhathi eside.

Umuthi we-Dopamine ungabonakala ulusizo, kepha ngenxa yokushoda kobufakazi, awusetshenziswa ngokujwayelekile. Le mithi futhi inohlu lwemiphumela emibi ebandakanya ukubuyela emuva kwengqondo okungaba khona kubantu abake baba neziqephu zengqondo ngaphambili.

Ama-Amphetamines akhonjisiwe ukukhulisa isimilo sokufuna ukukhuthaza kumagundane. Izifundo zabantu zokusebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa ezimweni ze-abulia zisadinga ukucwaningwa.

Imibandela ehlotshaniswa ne-abulia

U-Abulia ubonwe ngokuhlangana no:

• ElikaHuntington
• I-Alzheimer's
• izifo zengqondo
• Ukuwohloka komqondo komzimba kaLewy
• Isifo sikaParkinson
• unhlangothi

Uyini umbono?

I-Abulia yisimo esingathinta izinga lakho lempilo. Ukulungisa izingqinamba eziyisisekelo ezingaxhunyaniswa ne-abulia kubalulekile. Lokhu kuzosiza udokotela wakho ukuthi abone kangcono uhlelo lokwelashwa olungcono kakhulu kuwe.

Kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lochwepheshe bezokwelapha uma wena noma othandekayo uhlangabezana nokunganaki noma ezinye izimpawu ezibalwe ngenhla. Uma ukhathazekile nge-abulia, qiniseka ukuyisho kudokotela wakho, njengoba abanye bengase bangajwayeli ukuxilongwa.