Amasilinda omchamo: izinhlobo eziyinhloko nokuthi zisho ukuthini

-Delile

• Kungaba yini
• 1. Hyaline amasilinda
• 2. Isilinda seHemic
• 3. Isilinda se-leukocyte
• 4. Isilinda sebhaktheriya
• 5. Isilinda yamaseli we-epithelial
• Ahlanganiswa kanjani amasilinda

Amasilinda ayizakhiwo ezakhiwe kuphela ezinso ezingavamisile ukukhonjwa emchameni wabantu abaphilile. Ngakho-ke, lapho amasilinda ebonwa esivivinyweni somchamo, kungaba yinkomba yokuthi kukhona ushintsho ezinso, kungaba ukutheleleka, ukuvuvukala noma ukubhujiswa kwezakhiwo zezinso, ngokwesibonelo.

Ukuba khona kwamasilinda kuqinisekiswa ngokuhlolwa komchamo, i-EAS noma ukuhlolwa kohlobo lomchamo, lapho, ngokuhlaziywa okuncane, kungenzeka ukugcina amasilinda. Imvamisa, lapho ukutholakala kwamasilinda kuqinisekiswa, ezinye izici zokuhlolwa nazo ziyashintshwa, njengama-leukocyte, inani lamaseli we-epithelial kanye nama-erythrocyte, ngokwesibonelo. Nakhu ukuthi ungakuqonda kanjani ukuhlolwa komchamo.

Kungaba yini

Ngokuya ngendawo yokwakheka kanye nezakhi, amasilinda angabhekwa njengokujwayelekile, kepha lapho inani elikhulu lamasilinda lihlolwa futhi kutholwa olunye ushintsho esivivinyweni somchamo, kubalulekile ukuthi kwenziwe uphenyo, ngoba kungakhombisa ukuthi izinguquko ezinkulu kakhulu.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zamasilinda omchamo kanye nencazelo engaba khona yile:

1. Hyaline amasilinda

Lolu hlobo lwesilinda luvame kakhulu futhi lwakhiwa ngokuyinhloko yiprotheni iTamm-Horsfall. Lapho kutholakala amasilinda angama-hyaline angafika ku-2 emchameni, kuvame ukubhekwa njengokujwayelekile, futhi kungenzeka ngenxa yomkhuba wemisebenzi ebanzi yomzimba, ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi, ukushisa ngokweqile noma ukucindezeleka. Kodwa-ke, lapho kubonakala amasilinda e-hyaline amaningana, kungakhombisa i-glomerulonephritis, i-pyelonephritis noma isifo sezinso esingalapheki, ngokwesibonelo.

2. Isilinda seHemic

Lolu hlobo lwesilinda, ngaphezu kweprotheyini likaTamm-Horsfall, lakhiwa ngamaseli abomvu egazi futhi imvamisa likhomba ukulimala kunoma yisiphi isakhiwo se-nephron, okuyiyunithi elisebenzayo lezinso elibhekele ukukhiqizwa komchamo.

Kujwayelekile ukuthi ngaphezu kwamasilinda, ekuhlolweni komchamo kungakhombisa ubukhona bamaprotheni namaseli amaningi abomvu egazi. Ngaphezu kokukhombisa izinkinga zezinso, amasilinda e-hematic angavela futhi ekuhlolweni komchamo wabantu abaphilile ngemuva kokuzijwayeza ezemidlalo.

3. Isilinda se-leukocyte

Isilinda se-leukocyte sakhiwe kakhulu ngama-leukocyte futhi ukutholakala kwayo kuvame ukukhombisa ukutheleleka noma ukuvuvukala kwe-nephron, okujwayele ukuhlotshaniswa ne-pyelonephritis kanye ne-acst interstitial nephritis, okuwukuvuvukala okungenayo ibhaktheriya.

Yize isilinda se-leukocyte sikhomba i-pyelonephritis, ubukhona balesi sakhiwo akumele buthathwe njengendlela eyodwa yokuxilonga, futhi kubalulekile ukuhlola eminye imingcele yokuhlolwa.

[gqamisa-ukubuyekeza-ukugqamisa]

4. Isilinda sebhaktheriya

Isilinda sebhaktheriya kunzima ukusibona, kepha kujwayelekile ukuthi sivele ku-pyelonephritis futhi sakhiwa ngamagciwane axhumene neprotein yeTamm-Horsfall.

5. Isilinda yamaseli we-epithelial

Ukuba khona kwamasilinda amaseli we-epithelial emchameni kuvamise ukukhombisa ukubhujiswa okuthuthukile kweshubhu lezinso, kepha futhi kungahlotshaniswa nobuthi obudalwa yizidakamizwa, ukuvezwa izinsimbi ezisindayo kanye nokutheleleka ngegciwane.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu, kukhona amasilinda ayimbudumbudu, obuchopho namafutha, lawa akhiwa ngamaseli anonile futhi ngokuvamile ahlotshaniswa nephrotic syndrome kanye nesifo sikashukela. Kubalulekile ukuthi imiphumela yokuhlolwa komchamo ihlolwe ngudokotela, ikakhulukazi uma umbiko ukhombisa ubukhona bamasilinda. Ngakho-ke, udokotela uzokwazi ukuphenya imbangela yesilinda bese eqala ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu.

Ahlanganiswa kanjani amasilinda

Amasilinda akhiwa ngaphakathi kweshubhu elihlukanisiwe eliyi-distal kanye nomsele wokuqoqa, okuyizakhiwo ezihlobene nokwakheka nokuqedwa komchamo. Esinye sezici eziyinhloko zamasilinda iprotheni iTamm-Horsfall, okuyiprotheni ekhishwe yi-tubal renal epithelium futhi ekhishwa ngokwemvelo emchameni.

Lapho kunokuqedwa okukhulu kwamaprotheni ngenxa yengcindezi, ukusebenza okukhulu komzimba noma izinkinga zezinso, amaprotheni athanda ukunamathela ndawonye kuze kwakheke isakhiwo esiqinile, amasilinda. Futhi ngesikhathi senqubo yokwakheka, kungenzeka ukuthi izakhi ezikhona ku-filtrate ye-tubular (kamuva ebizwa ngokuthi umchamo) zifakiwe, njengamaseli we-epithelial, amabhaktheriya, izingulube, amaseli abomvu egazi nama-leukocyte, ngokwesibonelo.

Ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwamasilinda, amaprotheni akhona azihlukanisa ne-epithelium ye-tubular futhi aqedwa emchameni.

Bona imininingwane eminingi yokuthi umchamo wakhiwa kanjani.