I-hepatitis engapheli: siyini, izimpawu, izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa
• Izimbangela ezingenzeka ze-hepatitis engapheli
• Yelashwa kanjani

I-hepatitis engapheli ukuvuvukala kwesibindi okuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha futhi kuvame ukubangelwa igciwane le-hepatitis B, uhlobo lwegciwane elingadluliselwa ngokuthintana ngqo negazi noma ezinye izimfihlo ezivela kumuntu onegciwane. Kodwa-ke, i-hepatitis engapheli ingaba nezinye izimbangela, njenge-hepatitis C noma ngisho neziphuzo ezidakayo ngokweqile, ngokwesibonelo.

Yize ezimweni eziningi, i-hepatitis engapheli ayibangeli zimpawu ezisobala futhi ivame ukukhonjwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okujwayelekile, abanye abantu bangathola izimpawu ezinganembile, njenge-malaise ejwayelekile, ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla noma ukukhathala kaningi ngaphandle kwesizathu.

Noma kunjalo, noma ngabe kungazibangeli izimpawu, i-hepatitis kufanele iphathwe njalo, sengathi iqhubeka nokuba yimbi, ingadala izinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu, njenge-cirrhosis noma ukwehluleka kwesibindi. Ngakho-ke, noma kunini lapho kusolwa khona inkinga yesibindi, kungakuhle ukuthi uthintane nodokotela be-hepatologist ukuze ubheke ukuthi ikhona yini inkinga futhi uqale ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Ezingaphezu kwengxenye yamacala, i-hepatitis engalapheki ayibangeli zimpawu ezisobala, ikhula kancane kancane kuze kuvele isifo sokuqina kwesibindi, nezimpawu ezifana nesicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isisu esivuvukile, izandla ezibomvu nesikhumba namehlo aphuzi.

Kodwa-ke, lapho izimpawu zikhona, i-hepatitis engapheli ingadala:

• Ukuzizwa kwe-malaise ejwayelekile ejwayelekile;
• Ukunciphisa ukudla;
• Ukukhathala njalo ngaphandle kwesizathu;
• Umkhuhlane ophansi njalo;
• Ukungakhululeki ohlangothini olungaphezulu kwesokudla sesisu.

Njengoba kuvame kakhulu ukuthi i-hepatitis engapheli ingabi nazimpawu, amacala amaningi atholakala kuphela ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile. Kulezi zimo, amanani we-AST, ALT, Gamma-GT, alkaline phosphatase kanye ne-bilirubin ngokuvamile akhushulwa.

Ungakuqinisekisa kanjani ukuxilongwa

Uma udokotela esola ukuthi unesifo sokusha kwesibindi esingapheli, ngaphezu kokuhlolwa kwegazi okusha okuqonde kakhulu ama-enzyme wesibindi nama-antibodies, angacela nokuhlolwa kwe-imaging, njenge-ultrasound noma i-computed tomography.

Kukhona nezimo lapho kungacelwa khona i-biopsy, lapho isampula elincane lezicubu ezivela esibindini lithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuzama ukuqinisekisa imbangela yesifo sokusha kwesibindi noma ukuzama ukuqonda izinga lokulimala kwesibindi, lisize ukuba ngcono lungisa ukwelashwa.

Izimbangela ezingenzeka ze-hepatitis engapheli

Ezimweni eziningi, i-hepatitis engapheli ibangelwa ukutheleleka ngegciwane le-Hepatitis B, noma kunjalo, ezinye izimbangela ezijwayelekile zifaka:

• Igciwane le-hepatitis C;
• Igciwane le-hepatitis D;
• Ukuphuza ngokweqile;
• Izifo ezizimele.

Yize kuyivelakancane, i-hepatitis engapheli nayo ingabangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlobo ezithile zemithi, ikakhulukazi i-Isoniazid, iMethyldopa noma iPhenytoin. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, imvamisa kwanele ukushintsha umuthi wokuvuvukala kwesibindi ukuze uthuthuke.

Bheka ezinye izimpawu ezingakhombisa ukutheleleka kwegciwane le-hepatitis C noma i-hepatitis B.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ukwelashwa kwe-hepatitis engapheli kuncike ebucayi bokulimala kwesibindi nezimbangela zako. Kodwa-ke, kujwayelekile ukuthi ukwelashwa kuqale ngokusebenzisa uhlobo oluthile lwe-corticosteroids ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokwenza ngcono izimpawu, kuze kube yilapho kwaziwa imbangela ethile.

Lapho imbangela isitholakele, ukwelashwa kufanele kube kwenele, ukwelapha lesi sifo lapho kunokwenzeka, nokuvikela ukuqala kwezinkinga. Ngakho-ke, esimweni se-hepatitis esibangelwa igciwane lesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B noma C, udokotela angakweluleka ukuthi kusetshenziswe eminye imishanguzo yokulwa namagciwane, ngoba uma isifo sokusha kwesibindi sibangelwa yisifo sokuzivikela komzimba, kubalulekile ukuqala ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo, futhi uma kubangelwa ukuphuza ngokweqile noma ukusetshenziswa kwemithi, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kufanele kumiswe.

Ngasikhathi sinye, kungadingeka futhi ukwelapha ezinye izinkinga ezivela ngokuvuvukala okwandayo, njenge-encephalopathy noma ukuqongelela uketshezi esiswini.

Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, lapho izilonda zesibindi zithuthuke kakhulu, imvamisa kuyadingeka ukuthi kube nokufakelwa kwesibindi. Qonda ukuthi ukufakelwa kwenziwa kanjani nokuthi kutholakala kanjani.