Kungani Ngingakwazi Ukuphefumula Ngokujulile?

-Delile

• Yini ebangela i-dyspnea?
• Ziyini izimpawu zedyspnea?
• Ngabe sitholakala kanjani isimo esingaphansi kwesifo esibangela i-dyspnea?
• Thatha umlando wezokwelapha
• Yenza ukuhlolwa komzimba
• Yenza izivivinyo
• Iphathwa kanjani i-dyspnea?
• Ukudla okudlela endlini

Kuyini iDyspnea?

Ukuphazamiseka emaphethini akho avamile okuphefumula kungashaqisa. Ukuzwa sengathi awukwazi ukuthatha umoya ojulile waziwa emphakathini wezokwelapha njenge-dyspnea. Ezinye izindlela zokuchaza lesi sibonakaliso ukulamba komoya, ukuphefumula okuncane, nokuqina kwesifuba. I-Dyspnea iyisibonakaliso sezimo eziningi zezempilo, futhi ingahle ifike ngokushesha noma ikhule ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Zonke izimo ze-dyspnea zigunyaza ukuvakashela kudokotela ukuthola imbangela eyimbangela nokunquma ukwelashwa okufanele. I-dyspnea enamandla eyenzeka ngokushesha futhi ithinte ukusebenza kwakho kukonke idinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Yini ebangela i-dyspnea?

I-Dyspnea uphawu lwezimo ezahlukahlukene. Cishe amaphesenti angama-85 wamacala we-dyspnea ahlobene ne:

• isifuba somoya
• ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo
• i-myocardial ischemia, noma ukunciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi liye enhliziyweni lokho ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukuvinjelwa okungaholela ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo
• isifo esingapheliyo sokuvimbela kwamaphaphu (COPD)
• isifo samaphaphu esiphakathi
• inyumoniya
• ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, njengokukhathazeka

Izimo eziningi ezihlotshaniswa ne-dyspnea zihlobene nenhliziyo namaphaphu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lezi zitho zinomthwalo wokujikeleza i-oksijini nokususa isikhutha emzimbeni wakho wonke. Izimo zenhliziyo namaphaphu zingashintsha lezi zinqubo, ziholele ekuphefumuleni okuncane.

Kunezinye izimo zenhliziyo namaphaphu ezihlotshaniswa ne-dyspnea ngaphandle kwalezi ezivame kakhulu ezibalwe ngenhla.

Izimo zenhliziyo zifaka:

• angina
• i-edema ye-pulmonary (kusuka ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo)
• isifo esibuhlungu se-valvular
• isifo senhliziyo
• i-tamponade yenhliziyo
• umfutho wegazi ophansi

Izimo zamaphaphu zifaka:

• umdlavuza wamaphaphu
• umfutho wegazi ophakeme wamaphaphu
• ukulala ubuthongo
• embolism yamaphaphu
• i-anaphylaxis
• wawa amaphaphu
• isifo sengcindezi ephathelene nenkinga yokuphefumula engamahlalakhona
• bronchiectasis
• ukuxubana kwe-pleural
• i-edema yamaphaphu engeyona eye-cardiogenic

I-Dyspnea ayihlobene kuphela nenhliziyo namaphaphu. Ezinye izimo nezici kungaholela kusibonakaliso, njenge:

• i-anemia
• ukuvezwa kwe-carbon monoxide
• ukuphakama okuphezulu
• amazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu noma aphezulu
• ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
• ukuvivinya umzimba ngamandla

Njengoba i-dyspnea ingenzeka ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene, ukuqala kwesifo kungahluka.

Ungahle ube ne-dyspnea ngokungazelelwe. Lokhu kudinga usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Izimo ezingadala ukuqala okusheshayo kwe-dyspnea zifaka phakathi i-asthma, ukukhathazeka, noma isifo senhliziyo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ungahle ube ne-dyspnea engapheli. Yilapho-ke ukuphefumula okuncane kudlula isikhathi esingangenyanga. Ungathola i-dyspnea yesikhathi eside ngenxa ye-COPD, ukukhuluphala, noma esinye isimo.

Ziyini izimpawu zedyspnea?

Ungaba nezimpawu eziningana ezihambisana ne-dyspnea. Lezi zimpawu ezingeziwe zingakusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukuthola ukuthi iyini imbangela yayo. Uma uhlangabezana nokukhwehlela, i-dyspnea ingabangelwa yisimo emaphashini akho. Uma uzwa lesi sifo njengezinhlungu zesifuba, udokotela angahlola izimo zenhliziyo. Udokotela wakho angathola izimpawu ngaphandle kwenhliziyo namaphaphu abangela i-dyspnea futhi.

Izimpawu ezenzeka eceleni kwe-dyspnea zifaka:

• ukushaya kwenhliziyo
• ukuncipha komzimba
• kuqhekeka emaphashini
• isifuba
• ukujuluka ebusuku
• ukuvuvukala kwezinyawo namaqakala
• ukuphefumula kanzima lapho ulele phansi
• umkhuhlane omkhulu
• Ukugodola
• ukukhwehlela
• ukuphefumula isikhathi eside okuba kubi kakhulu

Qiniseka ukuthi wenza uhlu lwanoma yiziphi izimpawu ohlangabezana nazo nge-dyspnea ukuze uzokwabelana nodokotela wakho.

Kufanele uthole ukwelashwa ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana:

• ukuphefumula okungazelelwe okuphazamisa amandla akho okusebenza
• ukulahlekelwa ukwazi
• ubuhlungu besifuba
• isicanucanu

Ngabe sitholakala kanjani isimo esingaphansi kwesifo esibangela i-dyspnea?

I-Dyspnea yisifo esingahlanganisa izimo zezempilo ezahlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, ukuqokwa kukadokotela wakho kungahle kube ububanzi. Ngokuvamile, udokotela wakho uzo:

Thatha umlando wezokwelapha

Lokhu kuzobandakanya ukuxoxa ngemininingwane efana nale:

• isimo sakho sempilo nezimpawu zakho
• izimo ezingapheli nezangaphambilini zezokwelapha nokuhlinzwa
• imithi oyisebenzisayo
• imikhuba yakho yokubhema
• umlando wakho womndeni
• ukuhlinzwa kwakamuva
• imvelo yakho yokusebenza

Yenza ukuhlolwa komzimba

Lokhu kuzobandakanya:

• ukuthatha izimpawu zakho ezibalulekile
• ukuqopha isisindo sakho samanje
• uqaphele ukubukeka kwakho
• ukulinganisa ukugeleza kwakho okuphakeme kanye ne-pulse oximetry
• ukuhlola amaphaphu akho, imithambo yentamo, nenhliziyo

Ukuhlolwa komzimba kungafaka ezinye izilinganiso kanye nokubheka okusekelwe ekutholeni kukadokotela wakho.

Yenza izivivinyo

Udokotela wakho uzokwenza izivivinyo kuye ngomlando wakho nokuhlolwa komzimba. Ezinye izivivinyo zokuqala zingabandakanya:

• X-ray esifubeni
• i-electrocardiogram
• spirometry
• ukuhlolwa kwegazi

Uma izivivinyo zangaphambilini zingahambelani, ungadinga ukuhlolwa okubanzi, kufaka phakathi:

• ukuhlolwa okuphelele komsebenzi wamaphaphu
• bbezokuhle
• i-computed tomography
• ukuskena komoya / perfusion
• ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi

Iphathwa kanjani i-dyspnea?

I-Dyspnea imvamisa ingelashwa ngokukhomba nokwelapha isimo esisibangelayo. Ngesikhathi esidinga ukuthi udokotela wakho ahlolisise lesi simo, ungathola ukungenelela okufana nomoya-mpilo nosizo lokungenisa umoya ukukhumbula lesi sifo.

Ukwelashwa kwe-dyspnea kungafaka:

• ukususa ukuvinjelwa komoya
• ukuqeda amafinyila
• ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala komoya
• ukunciphisa indlala yomzimba yomoya

Udokotela wakho angakunikeza imithi yokuqeda izimpawu. Lokhu kungafaka i-steroids yesifuba somoya, ama-antibiotic we-pneumonia, noma omunye umuthi ohlobene nesimo sakho esingaphansi. Ungadinga ne-oxygen eyengeziwe.Kwezinye izimo, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kungadingeka ukunciphisa i-dyspnea.

Kukhona okunye ukwelashwa kwe-dyspnea okudlula ukungenelela kwezokwelapha. Udokotela wakho angancoma ukuthi uzame izivivinyo zokuphefumula. Lokhu kungaqinisa ukusebenza kwamaphaphu akho futhi kukusize ulwe ne-dyspnea lapho ivela empilweni yakho yansuku zonke.

Uma uhlangabezana ne-dyspnea ngokungapheli, kufanele uxoxe ngokuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila engayinciphisa. Lezi zinguquko zinganciphisa ukwenzeka kwe-dyspnea futhi zibandakanye:

• ukuncipha
• ukwelapha izimo zezokwelapha
• ukuyeka ukubhema
• ukugwema izimbangela zemvelo ezinjengezilwelwe kanye nomoya onobuthi
• ukuhlala ezindaweni eziphansi kakhulu (ezingaphansi kwamamitha angu-5 000)
• ukuqapha noma imuphi umshini noma imishanguzo ongayisebenzisa

Ukudla okudlela endlini

I-Dyspnea isibonakaliso sesimo sezempilo esiyisisekelo noma umphumela wesinye isisusa. Lesi sibonakaliso kufanele sithathwe ngokungathí sina futhi sidinga ukuvakashela kudokotela wakho.

Umbono we-dyspnea uncike esimweni esiyimbangela esiyibangelayo.