Ingabe ama-IUD abangela ukucindezeleka? Nakhu Okufanele Ukwazi

-Delile

• Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-copper IUD nama-hormonal IUDs?
• Ngabe ama-IUD abangela ukudana?
• Yiziphi izinzuzo ezingaba khona zokusebenzisa i-IUD?
• Kufanele ufune nini usizo?
• Ukuthatha

Amadivayisi we-Intrauterine (IUDs) nokudangala

I-intrauterine device (IUD) iyithuluzi elincane udokotela wakho angalifaka esibelethweni sakho ukuze akuvimbe ekukhulelweni. Kuyindlela elawula ukubeletha esebenza isikhathi eside.

Ama-IUD asebenza kahle kakhulu ekuvikeleni ukukhulelwa. Kepha njengezinhlobo eziningi zokulawulwa kokubeletha, zingadala imiphumela emibi.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-IUD: ama-IUD ethusi nama-IUD ama-hormonal. Olunye ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ukusebenzisa i-hormonal IUD kungakhuphula ubungozi bokucindezeleka. Kodwa-ke, okutholakele ocwaningweni ngalesi sihloko kuhlanganisiwe. Iningi labantu abasebenzisa i-IUD yehomoni alibi nokukhathazeka.

Udokotela wakho angakusiza uqonde izinzuzo ezingaba khona nezingozi zokusebenzisa i-IUD yamahomoni noma yethusi, kufaka phakathi noma imiphi imiphumela engaba nayo emoyeni wakho.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-copper IUD nama-hormonal IUDs?

I-copper IUD (ParaGard) isongwe ngethusi, uhlobo lwensimbi olubulala isidoda. Akuqukethe noma ukukhipha noma yimaphi ama-hormone okuzala. Ezimweni eziningi, ingahlala iminyaka eyi-12 ngaphambi kokuthi isuswe futhi ifakwe enye.

I-hormonal IUD (uKyleena, Liletta, Mirena, Skyla) ikhipha inani elincane le-progestin, uhlobo lokwenziwa kwe-hormone progesterone. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi ulwelwesi lomlomo wakho wesibeletho lujiye, okwenza kube nzima ukuthi isidoda singene esibelethweni sakho. Lolu hlobo lwe-IUD lungahlala kuze kube yiminyaka emithathu noma ngaphezulu, kuya ngomkhiqizo.

Ngabe ama-IUD abangela ukudana?

Olunye ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ama-IUD e-hormonal nezinye izindlela ze-hormonal zokulawula ukubeletha - ngokwesibonelo, amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha - angaphakamisa ingozi yokudangala. Ezinye izifundo azitholanga isixhumanisi nhlobo.

Esinye sezifundo ezinkulu kunazo zonke mayelana nokulawulwa kokubeletha kanye nokudangala saqedwa eDenmark ngo-2016. Abaphenyi bafunde idatha yeminyaka eyi-14 kusuka kwabesifazane abangaphezu kwesigidi, abaneminyaka engu-15 kuya kwengu-34 ubudala. Babakhiphele ngaphandle abesifazane abanomlando owedlule wokucindezeleka noma ukusetshenziswa kwe-antidepressant.

Bathola ukuthi amaphesenti angu-2.2 wabesifazane abasebenzisa izindlela zokulawula ukubeletha kwama-hormone banikezwa imishanguzo yokulwa nengcindezi ngonyaka, uma kuqhathaniswa namaphesenti angu-1.7 abesifazane abangazange basebenzise ukulawulwa kokuzalwa kwama-hormone.

Abesifazane abasebenzisa i-hormonal IUD babenamathuba aphindwe kayi-1.4 kunabesifazane abangazange basebenzise ukulawulwa kokuzalwa kwama-hormone ukunikezwa imishanguzo yokulwa nezingcindezi. Babenethuba eliphakeme kancane lokutholakala ukuthi banokudangala esibhedlela sabagula ngengqondo. Ingozi yayinkulu kwabesifazane abasebasha, abaneminyaka ephakathi kwengu-15 nengu-19 ubudala.

Olunye ucwaningo alutholanga ukuxhumana phakathi kokulawulwa kokuzalwa kwe-hormonal nokudangala. Ekubuyekezweni okushicilelwe ngo-2018, abacwaningi babheka izifundo ezingama-26 ngemithi yokuvimbela inzalo yama-progestin kuphela, kufaka phakathi nezifundo ezinhlanu zama-IUDs ama-hormonal. Ucwaningo olulodwa kuphela oluxhumanisa ama-IUD e-hormonal nengozi enkulu yokudangala. Ezinye izifundo ezine azitholanga ukuxhumana phakathi kwama-IUDs we-hormonal nokudangala.

Ngokungafani nama-IUDs ama-hormonal, ama-IUD wethusi aqukethe noma iyiphi i-progestin noma amanye ama-hormone. Azange zixhunyaniswe nengozi ephakeme yokudangala.

Yiziphi izinzuzo ezingaba khona zokusebenzisa i-IUD?

Ama-IUD asebenza ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-99 ekuvikeleni ukukhulelwa, ngokusho kwePlanned Parenthood. Zingenye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokulawulwa kokuzalwa.

Futhi kulula ukuzisebenzisa. Lapho i-IUD isifakiwe, ihlinzeka ngokuvikelwa kwamahora angama-24 ekukhulelweni iminyaka eminingi.

Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuthi ufuna ukukhulelwa, ungasusa i-IUD yakho nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Imiphumela yokulawulwa kokuzalwa kwama-IUD ibuyiselwa emuva ngokuphelele.

Kubantu abanezikhathi ezinzima noma ezibuhlungu, ama-IUD we-hormonal anikela ngezinzuzo ezengeziwe. Banganciphisa amajaqamba wesikhathi futhi benze izinkathi zakho zibe lula.

Kubantu abafuna ukugwema ukulawulwa kokuzalwa kwe-hormonal, i-IUD yethusi inikeza inketho esebenzayo. Kodwa-ke, i-IUD yethusi ijwayele ukudala izikhathi ezinzima.

Ama-IUD awavimbeli ukusabalala kwezifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STIs). Ukuzivikela wena nomlingani wakho ezifweni zocansi, ungasebenzisa amakhondomu kanye ne-IUD.

Kufanele ufune nini usizo?

Uma usola ukuthi ukulawulwa kokuzalwa kwakho kubangela ukucindezeleka noma eminye imiphumela emibi, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Kwezinye izimo, bangakukhuthaza ukuthi ushintshe indlela yakho yokulawula ukubeletha. Bangaphinde banikeze imishanguzo yokudambisa ukucindezelwa, bakudlulisele kuchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo ukuthola ukwelulekwa, noma bancome okunye ukwelashwa.

Izimpawu nezimpawu zokucindezeleka zifaka:

• imizwa ejwayelekile noma ehlala njalo yokudabuka, ukungabi nathemba, noma ukungajabuli
• imizwa ejwayelekile noma ehlala njalo yokukhathazeka, ukukhathazeka, ukucasuka, noma ukukhungatheka
• imizwa ejwayelekile noma ehlala njalo yecala, ukungabi nalutho, noma ukuzisola
• ukulahlekelwa intshisekelo kwimisebenzi ebikade ikujabulisa noma ikujabulisa
• izinguquko ekuthandeni ukudla noma isisindo sakho
• ushintsho emikhubeni yakho yokulala
• ukungabi namandla
• ukunyakaza okuhamba kancane, inkulumo, noma umcabango
• ubunzima bokugxila, ukwenza izinqumo, noma ukukhumbula izinto

Uma uba nezimpawu noma izimpawu zokudangala, yazisa udokotela wakho. Uma uhlangabezana nemicabango yokuzibulala noma ukunxenxa, funa usizo ngokushesha. Tshela umuntu omethembayo noma oxhumana naye ngensizakalo yokuvimbela ukuzibulala yamahhala ukuze akusekele ngokuyimfihlo.

Ukuthatha

Uma ukhathazekile ngengozi engaba khona yokudangala noma eminye imiphumela emibi evela ekulawuleni ukubeletha, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Bangakusiza uqonde izinzuzo nezingozi zokusebenzisa i-IUD noma ezinye izindlela zokulawula ukubeletha. Ngokuya ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha nendlela yakho yokuphila, zingakusiza ukhethe indlela evumelana nezidingo zakho.