Izimo eziphuthumayo zamehlo

Izimo eziphuthumayo zamehlo zifaka ukusikeka, ukuklwebheka, izinto esweni, ukusha, ukuvezwa ngamakhemikhali, nokulimala okuthe nhlo esweni noma kwejwabu leso. Ukutheleleka okuthile kwamehlo nezinye izimo zezokwelapha, njengamahlule egazi noma i-glaucoma, nakho kungadinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha khona lapho. Njengoba iso lilimele kalula, noma iyiphi yalezi zimo ingaholela ekulahlekelweni kombono uma ingalashwa.

Kubalulekile ukuthola ukwelashwa ngokulimala kwamehlo noma ijwabu leso nezinkinga. Izinkinga zamehlo (ezifana neso elibomvu elibomvu noma ukulahleka kombono) ezingekho ngenxa yokulimala nazo zidinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo.

Izimo eziphuthumayo zamehlo zifaka noma yikuphi okulandelayo:

UKUQOSHWA

• Iso elimnyama livame ukubangelwa ukuhlukumezeka okuqondile esweni noma ebusweni. Umhuzuko ubangelwa ukopha ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Izicubu ezizungeze iso ziguquka zibe mnyama futhi zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kancane kancane zibe nsomi, ziluhlaza, futhi ziphuzi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Umbala ongajwayelekile uyanyamalala kungakapheli amasonto ama-2. Ukuvuvukala kwejwabu leso kanye nezicubu ezungeze iso kungenzeka futhi.
• Izinhlobo ezithile zokuphuka kogebhezi kungadala ukulimaza ngamehlo, noma ngaphandle kokulimala ngqo esweni.
• Kwesinye isikhathi, umonakalo omkhulu esweni uqobo uvela ekucindezelekeni kwejwabu leso noma ebusweni. I-hyphema yigazi ngaphakathi ngaphambili kweso. Ukuhlukumezeka kuyimbangela evamile futhi imvamisa kusuka ekushayeni okuqondile kuye esweni kusuka ebholeni.

UKULIMALA KWAMAKHEMIKHALI

• Ukulimala kwamakhemikhali esweni kungabangelwa yingozi ehlobene nomsebenzi. Kungadalwa futhi yimikhiqizo yasendlini ejwayelekile njengezixazululo zokuhlanza, amakhemikhali engadi, izincibilikisi, noma ezinye izinhlobo zamakhemikhali. Amafutha nama-aerosol nakho kungadala ukusha kwamakhemikhali.
• Ngokusha kwe-asidi, i-haze ku-cornea ivame ukusula futhi kunethuba elihle lokululama.
• Izinto ezinama-alikhali ezifana ne-lime, i-lye, i-drain cleaners, ne-sodium hydroxide etholakala kwimishini yefriji ingadala umonakalo unomphela ku-cornea.
• Kubalulekile ukukhipha iso ngamanzi amaningi ahlanzekile noma amanzi anosawoti (usawoti). Lolu hlobo lokulimala ludinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

INJONGO YABANGAPHANDLE EMEHLWENI YASESO NASEKHAYA

• I-cornea yizicubu ezicacile (ezisobala) ezimboza ingaphambili leso.
• Uthuli, isihlabathi, nokunye ukungcola kungangena kalula esweni. Ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo, ukuzwela ekukhanyeni, nokubomvu kuyizimpawu zokuthi ukwelashwa kuyadingeka.
• Umzimba wangaphandle esweni ungalimaza umbono uma into ingena esweni uqobo noma ilimaza i-cornea noma i-lens. Izidumbu zangaphandle eziphonswa ngejubane elikhulu ngomshini, ukugaya, noma ukukhanda izinsimbi zinengozi enkulu yokulimaza iso.

Ukulimala ijwabu leso kungaba uphawu lokulimala kanzima esweni uqobo.

Ngokuya ngohlobo lokulimala, noma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo zingaba khona:

• Ukopha noma okunye ukukhipha okuvela noma okuzungeze iso
• Ukulimaza
• Ukwehla kombono
• Umbono ophindwe kabili
• Ubuhlungu bamehlo
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda
• Amehlo alumayo
• Ukulahleka kombono, okuphelele noma okuyingxenye, iso elilodwa noma zombili
• Abafundi besayizi elingalingani
• Ububomvu - ukubukeka kwegazi
• Ukuzwa kwento esweni
• Ukuzwela ekukhanyeni
• Ukuluma noma ukushisa esweni

Thatha isinyathelo ngokushesha bese ulandela lezi zinyathelo ezingezansi uma wena noma omunye umuntu elimele iso.

INJONGO ENCANE ESO NOMA EYELID

Iso livamise ukuzisula ngezinto ezincane, ezinjengezinkophe nesihlabathi, ngokucwayiza nokudwengula. Uma kungenjalo, ungalihlikihli iso noma ucindezele izinkophe. Bese uqhubeka uhlola iso.

1. Geza izandla zakho ngensipho namanzi.
2. Hlola iso endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle. Ungacindezeli iso.
3. Ukuthola into, yenza umuntu abheke phezulu naphansi, bese esuka kolunye uhlangothi aye kolunye uhlangothi.
4. Uma ungayitholi into, bamba ijwabu leso elingezansi bese ulidonsela phansi ukuze ubheke ngaphansi kwejwabu leso elingezansi. Ukubuka ngaphansi kwesembozo esingenhla, beka uswabi okotini ohlanzekile ngaphandle kwesembozo esingenhla. Bamba ama-eyelashes bese ugoqa ngobunono isembozo phezu kwe-swab yekotini.
5. Uma into ikwijwabu leso, zama ukuyikhipha ngobumnene ngamanzi ahlanzekile. Uma lokho kungasebenzi, zama ukuthinta i-swab yesibili kakotini entweni ukuze uyisuse.
6. Uma into ingaphezulu kweso, zama ngobumnene ukuhlanza iso ngamanzi ahlanzekile. Uma kutholakala, sebenzisa okokudonsa iso noma ibhodlela lamaconsi wamehlo, njengezinyembezi zokufakelwa, ezibekwe ngaphezulu kwekhoneni langaphandle leso. Ungazithinti iso uqobo ngethonsi noma ngethiphu yebhodlela.

Umuzwa wokuklwebheka noma okunye ukungakhululeki okuncane kungaqhubeka ngemuva kokukhipha ama-eyelashes nezinye izinto ezincane. Lokhu kufanele kudlule kungakapheli usuku noma ezimbili. Uma ukungaphatheki kahle noma umbono ophuphuthekile uqhubeka, thola usizo lwezokwelapha.

INJONGO YABANJWA NOMA YAXHUMANISWA ESO

1. Shiya into endaweni. Ungazami ukususa into. Ungayithinti noma usebenzise noma iyiphi ingcindezi kuyo.
2. Hlisa umoya futhi umqinisekise lowo muntu.
3. Geza izandla zakho ngensipho namanzi.
4. Ibhande womabili amehlo. Ukumboza amehlo womabili kusiza ukuvimbela ukunyakaza kwamehlo. Uma into inkulu, beka inkomishi yephepha ehlanzekile noma into efana naleyo esweni elimele bese uyiqopha endaweni. Lokhu kuvimbela into ekucindezelweni, okungalimaza iso phambili. Uma into incane, bhandisha amehlo womabili.
5. Thola usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ungalibali.

AMAKHEMIKHALI ESO

1. Gcwalisa ngamanzi kampompi apholile khona manjalo. Jikisa ikhanda lomuntu ukuze iso elimele liphansi bese eceleni. Ukubamba ijwabu leso livulekile, vumela amanzi agelezayo ompompi ukuthi asuse iso imizuzu engu-15.
2. Uma womabili amehlo ethintekile, noma uma amakhemikhali nawo ekwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, yenza lowo muntu ageze.
3. Uma umuntu egqoke amalensi oxhumana naye futhi ama-lens engazange akhiphe emanzini agobhozayo, mcele azame ukususa oxhumana nabo ngemuva kokugungxulwa.
4. Qhubeka ukhipha iso ngamanzi ahlanzekile noma i-saline solution okungenani imizuzu eyi-15.
5. Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ungalibali.

UKUSIKWA KWESO, UKUKHWELELA, NOMA UKUVUTHA

1. Ngobumnene sebenzisa ukucindezela okubandayo okubandayo esweni ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokusiza ukunqanda ukopha. Ungafaki ingcindezi ukulawula ukopha.
2. Uma igazi lihlangana esweni, vala womabili amehlo ngendwangu ehlanzekile noma okokugqoka oyinyumba.
3. Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ungalibali.

UKUSIKA KWE-EYELID

1. Geza ngokucophelela ijwabu leso. Uma ukusika kuphuma, faka ingcindezi emnene ngendwangu ehlanzekile eyomile kuze kuphele ukopha. Ungacindezeli kunhlamvu yeso. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukusika kungahamba yonke indlela ngejwabu leso, ngakho-ke kungabuye kube nokusikwa enhliziyweni yeso. Ngokuvamile kuphephile ukucindezela ithambo elizungeze iso.
2. Mboza ngengubo ehlanzekile.
3. Beka i-compress ebandayo ekugqokeni ukunciphisa izinhlungu nokuvuvukala.
4. Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ungalibali.

• Ungacindezeli noma uhlikihle iso elimele.
• Ungasusi amalensi wokuxhumana ngaphandle uma kwenzeka ukuvuvukala okusheshayo kwenzeka, kukhona ukulimala kwamakhemikhali futhi oxhumana nabo abaphumanga ngokugeleza kwamanzi, noma awukwazi ukuthola usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
• Ungazami ukususa umzimba wangaphandle noma into ebonakala ishumekiwe (enamathele) kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yeso. Thola usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
• Ungasebenzisi ama-cotton swabs, udlawana, noma yini enye esweni uqobo. Ukotini swabs kufanele usetshenziswe kuphela ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle kwejwabu leso.

Funa usizo lwezempilo oluphuthumayo uma:

• Kubonakala kunokunwaya, ukusika, noma okuthile okuye kwangena (kwangena) kunhlamvu yeso.
• Noma iyiphi ikhemikhali ingena esweni.
• Iso libuhlungu futhi libomvu.
• I-nausea noma ikhanda livela ngobuhlungu bamehlo (lokhu kungaba uphawu lwe-glaucoma noma unhlangothi).
• Kukhona noma yiluphi ushintsho kumbono (njengokufiphala noma ukubona kabili).
• Kopha okungalawuleki.

Gada izingane ngokucophelela. Bafundise ukuthi bangaphepha kanjani.

Gqoka njalo igiya lokuvikela iso lapho:

• Usebenzisa amathuluzi kagesi, izando, noma amanye amathuluzi okushaya
• Ukusebenza ngamakhemikhali anobuthi
• Ukuhamba ngebhayisikili noma lapho kusendaweni enomoya nothuli
• Ukubamba iqhaza kwezemidlalo ezinamathuba aphezulu okushaywa esweni ngebhola, njengemidlalo yezemidlalo yasendlini

• Iso
• I khithi yosizo lokuqala

UGuluma K, uLee JE. I-Ophthalmology. Ku: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, ama-eds. Imithi Ephuthumayo yaseRosen: Imiqondo kanye Nokuzijwayeza Komtholampilo. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 61.

UMuth CC. Izimo eziphuthumayo zamehlo. JAMA. 2017; 318 (7): 676. jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2648633. Kubuyekezwe u-Agasti 15, 2017. Kufinyelelwe ngoMeyi 7, 2019.

UVrcek I, uSomogyi M, uDurairaj VD. Ukuhlolwa nokuphathwa kokuhlukumezeka kwezicubu ezithambile ze-periorbital. Ku: Yanoff M, Duker JS, ama-eds. I-Ophthalmology. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 12.9.