I-Mediastinitis

I-Mediastinitis ukuvuvukala nokucasuka (ukuvuvukala) kwendawo yesifuba phakathi kwamaphaphu (i-mediastinum). Le ndawo iqukethe inhliziyo, imithambo yegazi emikhulu, i-windpipe (i-trachea), i-tube yokudla (i-esophagus), i-thymus gland, i-lymph node, nezicubu ezixhumanayo.

I-Mediastinitis ivame ukubangelwa ukutheleleka. Kungenzeka kungenzeka ngokuzumayo (acute), noma kungahle kukhule kancane kube kubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi (okungamahlalakhona). Ngokuvamile kwenzeka kumuntu osanda kuhlinzekwa nge-endoscopy ephezulu noma ngokuhlinzwa kwesifuba.

Umuntu angaba nesilonda emgodini wabo esidala i-mediastinitis. Izimbangela zezinyembezi zifaka:

• Inqubo efana ne-endoscopy
• Ukuhlanza okunamandla noma okungapheli
• Ukuhlukumezeka

Ezinye izimbangela ze-mediastinitis zifaka:

• Ukutheleleka kwefungal okubizwa nge-histoplasmosis
• Imisebe
• Ukuvuvukala kwama-lymph node, amaphaphu, isibindi, amehlo, isikhumba, noma ezinye izicubu (sarcoidosis)
• Isifo sofuba
• Ukuphefumula nge-anthrax
• Umdlavuza

Izici zobungozi zifaka:

• Isifo somphimbo
• Isifo sikashukela
• Izinkinga emkhakheni ophezulu wamathumbu
• Ukuhlinzwa kwesifuba kwakamuva noma i-endoscopy
• Amasosha omzimba abuthakathaka

Izimpawu zingafaka:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba
• Amakhaza
• Imfiva
• Ukungakhululeki okuvamile
• Ukuphelelwa umoya

Izimpawu ze-mediastinitis kubantu abaye bahlinzwa muva nje zifaka:

• Ubumnene bodonga lwesifuba
• Umsele wamanxeba
• Udonga lwesifuba olungazinzile

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba abuze ngezimpawu nomlando wezokwelapha.

Ukuhlolwa kungafaka:

• Iskena se-CT esifubeni noma ukuskena kwe-MRI
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• I-Ultrasound

Umhlinzeki angafaka inaliti endaweni yokuvuvukala. Lokhu ukuthola isampula ozothumela ibala lesigamu nesiko lokunquma uhlobo lokutheleleka, uma lukhona.

Ungathola ama-antibiotic uma unesifo.

Ungadinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze ususe indawo yokuvuvukala uma imithambo yegazi, i-windpipe, noma i-esophagus ivinjiwe.

Ukuthi umuntu wenza kahle kangakanani kuya ngesizathu nobukhali be-mediastinitis.

I-Mediastinitis ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwesifuba inzima kakhulu. Kukhona ingozi yokufa ngenxa yalesi simo.

Izinkinga zifaka okulandelayo:

• Ukusabalala kokutheleleka egazini, imithambo yegazi, amathambo, inhliziyo, noma amaphaphu
• Kubabaza

Ukuqhuma kungaba nzima, ikakhulukazi uma kubangelwa i-mediastinitis engapheli. Ukugqashuka kungaphazamisa ukusebenza kwenhliziyo noma kwamaphaphu.

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho uma ngabe uhlinziwe esifubeni uvulekile futhi wakhula:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba
• Amakhaza
• Ukugeleza kwesilonda
• Imfiva
• Ukuphelelwa umoya

Uma unesifo samaphaphu noma i-sarcoidosis futhi uthuthukisa noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, bheka umhlinzeki wakho khona manjalo.

Ukwehlisa ingozi yokuba ne-mediastinitis ehlobene nokuhlinzwa kwesifuba, amanxeba okuhlinzwa kufanele agcinwe ehlanzekile futhi omile ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

Ukwelapha isifo sofuba, i-sarcoidosis, noma ezinye izimo ezihlobene ne-mediastinitis kungavimbela le nkinga.

Ukutheleleka kwesifuba

• Uhlelo lokuphefumula
• I-Mediastinum

UCheng GS, uVarghese TK, ePaki DR. I-Pneumomediastinum ne-mediastinitis. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, abakwa-eds. Incwadi kaMurray neNadel Yemithi Yokuphefumula. Umhlaka 6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 84.

UVan Schooneveld TC, Rupp ME. I-Mediastinitis. Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ama-eds. Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ama-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kanye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 85.