Izinto ezinobungozi

Izinto ezinobungozi yizinto ezingalimaza impilo yomuntu noma imvelo. Izindlela ezinobungozi ziyingozi, ngakho-ke lezi zinto kufanele ziphathwe ngendlela efanele.

Ukuxhumana nge-Hazard, noma i-HAZCOM ifundisa abantu ukuthi basebenze kanjani ngezinto eziyingozi nemfucuza.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinto ezinobungozi, kufaka phakathi:

• Amakhemikhali, njengamanye asetshenziselwa ukuhlanza
• Izidakamizwa, njenge-chemotherapy yokwelapha umdlavuza
• Izinto ezinomsakazo ezisetshenziselwa ama-x-ray noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe
• Izicubu zomuntu noma zesilwane, igazi, noma ezinye izinto ezivela emzimbeni ezingathwala amagciwane ayingozi
• Amagesi asetshenziselwa ukwenza abantu balale ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa

Izinto ezinobungozi zingakulimaza uma:

• Thinta isikhumba sakho
• Splash emehlweni akho
• Ngena ezindleleni zakho zomoya noma emaphashini lapho uphefumula
• Dala imililo noma ukuqhuma

Isibhedlela sakho noma indawo osebenzela kuyo inezinqubomgomo zokuthi ungaziphatha kanjani lezi zinto zokwakha. Uzothola ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile uma usebenza ngalezi zinto zokwakha.

Yazi lapho kusetshenziswa futhi kugcinwa khona izinto ezinobungozi. Ezinye izindawo ezivamile yilapho:

• Ama-X-ray nokunye ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging kuyenziwa
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kuyenziwa
• Imithi iyaphathwa, iyalungiswa, noma inikezwe abantu - ikakhulukazi imishanguzo yokwelapha umdlavuza
• Amakhemikhali noma okuphakelayo kulethwa, kupakishwe ukuthunyelwa, noma ukulahlwa

Ngaso sonke isikhathi phatha noma yisiphi isitsha esingenelebula njengaso siyingozi. Phatha noma iyiphi into echithwe ngendlela efanayo.

Uma ungazi ukuthi okuthile okusebenzisayo noma okutholayo kuyingozi, qiniseka ukuthi uyabuza.

Bheka izimpawu ngaphambi kokungena egumbini lomuntu, ilebhu noma indawo ye-x-ray, ikhabethe lokugcina impahla, noma iyiphi indawo ongayazi kahle.

Ungabona amalebula okuxwayisa emabhokisini, iziqukathi, amabhodlela, noma amathangi. Funa amagama afana nala:

• I-asidi
• I-Alkali
• I-Carcinogenic
• Ukuqapha
• Iyonakalisa
• Ingozi
• Ukuqhuma
• Iyasha
• Okucasulayo
• Imisebe yomsakazo
• Ayizinzile
• Isexwayiso

Ilebuli ebizwa ngokuthi yi-Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) izokutshela uma into iyingozi. Le lebula ikutshela:

• Amagama amakhemikhali noma izinto ezinobungozi esitsheni.
• Amaqiniso ngento, efana nephunga noma ukuthi izobila nini noma incibilike.
• Kungakulimaza kanjani.
• Izimpawu zakho zingaba yini uma uvezwa yilokho okubalulekile.
• Ungayiphatha kanjani ngokuphepha impahla nokuthi imiphi imishini yokuvikela yomuntu siqu (PPE) ozoyigqoka lapho uyiphatha.
• Yiziphi izinyathelo okufanele zithathwe ngaphambi kokuba ochwepheshe abanamakhono noma abaqeqeshiwe beze bezosiza.
• Uma ngabe okokusebenza kungadala umlilo noma ukuqhuma, nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma lokhu kwenzeka.
• Okufanele ukwenze uma kwenzeka ukuchitheka noma ukuvuza.
• Okufanele ukwenze uma kunengozi evela ezintweni ezihlangana nezinye izinto.
• Ungayigcina kanjani ngokuphepha leyo nto, kufaka phakathi ukuthi yiliphi izinga lokushisa ongakugcina likuyo, uma umswakama uphephile, nokuthi kufanele ngabe usegumbini elinomoya omuhle.

Uma uthola ukuchitheka, kuthathe sengathi kuyingozi uze wazi ukuthi kuyini. Lokhu kusho:

• Gqoka i-PPE, efana nomshini wokuphefumula noma imaski namagilavu ​​azokuvikela kumakhemikhali.
• Sebenzisa ama-wipe we-disinfectant ukusula ukuchitheka bese ufaka ama-wipe kupulasitiki ophindwe kabili.
• Xhumana nabaphathi bemfucuza ukuhlanza indawo nokulahla izinto ozisebenzisile ukuhlanza ukuchitheka.

Ngaso sonke isikhathi phatha noma isiphi isitsha esingenalebula njengokungathi siqukethe izinto eziyingozi. Lokhu kusho:

• Faka isitsha esikhwameni bese usiyisa ekuphathweni kwemfucuza ukuze siyokulahlwa.
• UNGAYITHELEli phansi idreyini.
• UNGAYIFAKI indaba kudoti ojwayelekile.
• UNGAYIVUMELE ukuthi ingene emoyeni.

Uma usebenza ngezinto eziyingozi:

• Funda i-MSDS ngazo zonke izinto ozisebenzisayo.
• Yazi ukuthi hlobo luni lwe-PPE okufanele ugqoke.
• Funda ngezingozi zokuchayeka, njengokuthi ngabe okubalulekile kungawubanga yini umdlavuza.
• Yazi ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani impahla nokuthi ungayigcina kanjani noma uyilahle lapho usuqedile.

Amanye amathiphu afaka:

• Ungalokothi ungene endaweni lapho ukwelashwa ngemisebe kwenzeka khona.
• Njalo sebenzisa isitsha esiphephe kakhudlwana ukuhambisa izinto zisuka kwenye indawo ziye kwenye.
• Bheka amabhodlela, iziqukathi, noma amathangi ukuvuza.

HazCom; Ukuxhumana okuyingozi; Ishidi Lokuphepha Lokuphepha; I-MSDS

Izikhungo Zokulawulwa Nokuvimbelwa Kwezifo iwebhusayithi. Izinto zokuzivikela zomuntu siqu zezehlakalo zezinto ezinobungozi: umhlahlandlela wokukhetha. www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/84-114/default.html. Kubuyekezwe ngo-Ephreli 10, 2017. Kufinyelelwe ngo-Okthoba 22, 2019.

Iwebhusayithi Yokulawulwa Kwezokuphepha Nokuphathwa Komsebenzi. Ukuxhumana ngobungozi. www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/index.html. Kufinyelelwe ngo-Okthoba 22, 2019.

• Imfucuza enobungozi