Ukushoda kwe-Prothrombin

Ukushoda kwe-Prothrombin yisifo esidalwa ukuntuleka kweprotheni egazini elibizwa nge-prothrombin. Kuholela ezinkingeni zokuqina kwegazi (coagulation). I-Prothrombin yaziwa nangokuthi yi-factor II (factor two).

Lapho wopha, uchungechunge lwezinto ezenzekayo emzimbeni olusiza ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi yi-coagulation cascade. Kubandakanya amaprotheni akhethekile abizwa ngokuthi ama-coagulation, noma ama-clotting, factor. Ungaba nethuba eliphakeme lokopha ngokweqile uma eyodwa noma eziningi zalezi zinto zilahlekile noma zingasebenzi ngendlela okufanele zenze ngayo.

I-Prothrombin, noma i-factor II, ingesinye sezici ze-coagulation. Ukushoda kweProthrombin kusebenza emindenini (kuzuzwe njengefa) futhi akuvamile kakhulu. Bobabili abazali kumele babe nesakhi sokudlulisela lesi sifo ezinganeni zabo. Umlando womndeni wesifo esopha kungaba yingozi.

Ukushoda kwe-Prothrombin nakho kungenziwa ngesinye isimo noma ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokutholakala kweprothrombin yokushoda. Kungabangelwa:

• Ukuntuleka kukavithamini K (ezinye izingane zizalwa zinokushoda kukavithamini K)
• Isifo esibi sesibindi
• Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi evimbela ama-clotting (ama-anticoagulants anjenge-warfarin)

Izimpawu zingafaka noma yikuphi okulandelayo:

• Ukopha okungavamile ngemuva kokubeletha
• Ukopha okukhulu kokuya esikhathini
• Ukopha ngemuva kokuhlinzwa
• Ukopha ngemuva kokuhlukumezeka
• Ukulimaza kalula
• Ukopha okungapheli kalula
• Umbilical cord opha ngemuva kokuzalwa

Ukuhlolwa okungenziwa kufaka phakathi:

• Isivivinyo se-Factor II
• Isikhathi esithile se-thromboplastin
• Isikhathi se-Prothrombin (PT)
• Ukuxuba ukutadisha (ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kwe-PTT ukuqinisekisa ukuntuleka kwe-prothrombin)

Ukopha kungalawulwa ngokuthola ukumuncwa ngemithambo yegazi (IV) kwe-plasma noma ukugxilisa ingqondo ezintweni ezijiyisayo. Uma untula uvithamini K, ungathatha le vithamini ngomlomo, ngemijovo ngaphansi kwesikhumba, noma ngomthambo (ngemithambo).

Uma unale nkinga yokopha, qiniseka ukuthi:

• Tshela abahlinzeki bakho bokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngaphambi kokuba ube nenqubo ethile, okubandakanya ukuhlinzwa nomsebenzi wamazinyo.
• Tshela amalungu omndeni wakho ngoba angahle abe nokuphazamiseka okufanayo kepha awazi okwamanje.

Lezi zinsizakusebenza zinganikeza imininingwane eminingi ngokushoda kweFactor VII:

• INational Hemophilia Foundation: Okunye Ukushoda Kwesici - www.hemophilia.org/Bleeding-Disorders/Typees-of-Beeding-Disorders/Other-Factor-Deficiencies
• Isikhungo Sokwazisa se-NIH Genetic and Rare Diseases - rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/2926/prothrombin-deficiency

Umphumela muhle ngokwelashwa okufanele.

Ukushoda kweprothrombin njengefa kuyisimo sempilo yonke.

Umbono wokuntuleka kwe-prothrombin kuncike embangela. Uma sibangelwa yisifo sesibindi, umphumela uncike ekutheni isifo sakho sesibindi singelashwa kanjani. Ukuthatha izithasiselo zikavithamini K kuzokwelapha ukushoda kwevithamini K.

Ukopha okukhulu ezithweni kungenzeka.

Thola ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo ngokushesha uma ulahlekelwe igazi ngokungachazeki noma isikhathi eside, noma uma ungakwazi ukulawula ukopha.

Akukho ukuvimbela okwaziwayo kokushoda kwe-prothrombin. Lapho ukuntuleka kukavithamini K kuyimbangela, ukusebenzisa uvithamini K kungasiza.

I-Hypoprothrombinemia; Ukushoda kweFactor II; I-Dysprothrombinemia

• Ukwakheka kwegazi
• Amahlule egazi

UGailani D, Wheeler AP, Neff AT. Ukukhubazeka okujwayelekile kwe-coagulation factor. Ku: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, ama-eds. I-Hematology: Izimiso Eziyisisekelo Nokuzijwayeza. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 137.

IHholo JE. I-hemostasis negazi coagulation. Ku: IHholo JE, kuhleliwe. Incwadi kaGuyton neHholo yePhysical Physiology. Umhlaka 13. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 37.

I-Ragni MV. Ukuphazamiseka kokopha: ukuswela kwe-coagulation factor. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-25. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 174.