Umbala wobumpumputhe

Ubumpumputhe bombala ukungakwazi ukubona eminye imibala ngendlela ejwayelekile.

Ubumpumputhe bombala buvela lapho kunenkinga ngezingulube ezikumangqamuzana athile emizwa yeso lowo mqondo wombala. Lawa maseli abizwa ngokuthi ama-cone. Zitholakala kungqimba lwezicubu oluzwela ukukhanya ngemuva kweso, olubizwa ngokuthi i-retina.

Uma i-pigment eyodwa ilahlekile, ungaba nenkinga yokuhlukanisa umehluko phakathi kokubomvu nokuhlaza. Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokungaboni kombala. Uma i-pigment ehlukile ilahlekile, ungaba nenkinga yokubona imibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Abantu abanobumpumputhe bombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ophuzi bavame ukuba nezinkinga zokubona okubomvu nemifino, futhi.

Uhlobo olunzima kakhulu lobumpumputhe bombala yi-achromatopsia. Lesi yisimo esingajwayelekile lapho umuntu engakwazi ukubona noma yimuphi umbala, kuphela i-shades yegrey.

Iningi lokungaboni ngemibala kungenxa yenkinga yezofuzo. Cishe owesilisa oyedwa kwabayishumi unohlobo oluthile lokungaboni ngombala. Bambalwa kakhulu abesifazane abangaboni kahle ngombala.

Umuthi i-hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) nawo ungadala ukungaboni kahle kombala. Isetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo samathambo nezinye izimo.

Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu, kepha zingafaka:

• Unenkinga yokubona imibala nokugqama kwemibala ngendlela ejwayelekile
• Ukwehluleka ukutshela umehluko phakathi kwemibala efanayo noma efanayo

Imvamisa, izimpawu zimnene kangangoba abantu bangazi ukuthi abaphuphutheki ngombala. Umzali angaqaphela izimpawu zokungaboni kahle kombala lapho ingane encane iqala ukufunda imibala.

Ukunyakaza kwamehlo okusheshayo, ohlangothini nohlangothi (i-nystagmus) nezinye izimpawu kungavela ezimweni ezinzima.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo noma uchwepheshe wamehlo angabheka umbala wakho ngezindlela eziningi. Ukuhlolelwa ubumpumputhe bombala yingxenye ejwayelekile yokuhlolwa kwamehlo.

Akukho ukwelashwa okwaziwayo. Amalensi akhethekile okuxhumana nezingilazi kungasiza abantu abanombala oyimpumputhe babone umehluko phakathi kwemibala efanayo.

Ubumpumputhe bombala buyisimo sempilo yonke. Iningi labantu liyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nalo.

Abantu abane-colorblind kungenzeka bangakwazi ukuthola umsebenzi odinga ikhono lokubona imibala ngokunembile. Isibonelo, abasebenza ngogesi, abadwebi, nabasiki bengqephu kudingeka bakwazi ukubona imibala ngokunembile.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho noma uchwepheshe wamehlo uma ucabanga ukuthi wena (noma ingane yakho) ningaba nobumpumputhe bombala.

Ukushoda kombala; Ubumpumputhe - umbala

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Crouch ER, Crouch ER, Isibonelelo TR. I-Ophthalmology. Ku: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, ama-eds. Incwadi Yezokwelapha Yomndeni. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 17.

I-Wiggs JL. Izakhi zofuzo zamangqamuzana ezinkinga ezikhethiwe ze-ocular. Ku: Yanoff M, Duker JS, ama-eds. I-Ophthalmology. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 1.2.