I-botulism yezinsana

I-botulism yezinsana yisifo esisongela impilo esibangelwa yi-bacterium ebizwa IClostridium botulinum. Ikhula ngaphakathi komgudu wamathumbu wengane.

IClostridium botulinum yisidalwa esakha ibala esivamile emvelweni. Izinhlamvu zingatholakala enhlabathini kanye nokudla okuthile (okufana noju kanye nama-syrups athile ommbila).

I-botulism yezinsana yenzeka kakhulu ezinganeni ezisencane eziphakathi kwamasonto ayisithupha nezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala. Kungenzeka ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyisithupha futhi emuva konyaka owodwa.

Izinto ezinobungozi zifaka phakathi ukugwinya uju useyingane, ukuba seduze kwenhlabathi engcolisiwe, nokuba nesitulo esingaphansi kwesisodwa ngosuku isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezimbili.

Izimpawu zingafaka:

• Ukuphefumula okumayo noma okuhamba kancane
• Ukuqunjelwa
• Izinkophe eziwayo noma ezivalekile kancane
• "Idrayivu"
• Ukungabikho kokuvala umlomo
• Ukulahleka kokulawulwa kwekhanda
• Ukukhubazeka okusakazeka phansi
• Ukungondli kahle nokungancengi okubuthakathaka
• Ukwehluleka kokuphefumula
• Ukukhathala okukhulu (ukucobeka)
• Ukukhala okubuthakathaka

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba. Lokhu kungakhombisa ukuncipha kwethoni yemisipha, i-gag reflex elahlekile noma eyehlisiwe, ukulahleka noma ukwehla kwe-tendon reflexes ejulile, nokujula kwejwabu leso.

Isampula yendle evela enganeni ingahlolwa ubuthi be-botulinum noma amabhaktheriya.

I-Electromyography (EMG) ingenziwa ukusiza ukutshela umehluko phakathi kwezinkinga zemisipha nezinzwa.

I-botulism immune globulin iyindlela yokwelashwa eyinhloko yalesi simo. Izinsana ezithola lokhu kwelashwa zihlala isikhathi esifushane esibhedlela kanye nokugula okuncane.

Noma yiluphi usana olune-botulism kufanele lithole ukunakekelwa okusekelayo ngesikhathi selulama. Lokhu kufaka:

• Ukuqinisekisa ukondleka okufanele
• Ukugcina indlela yomoya icacile
• Ukubuka izinkinga zokuphefumula

Uma kuvela izinkinga zokuphefumula, ukwesekwa kokuphefumula, kufaka phakathi ukusetshenziswa komshini wokuphefumula, kungadingeka.

Imithi elwa namagciwane ayibonakali isiza ingane ukuba ithuthuke ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngakho-ke, azidingeki ngaphandle kokuthi kuvele elinye igciwane elinjenge-pneumonia.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-botulinum antitoxin eyenziwe ngabantu nakho kungasiza.

Lapho isimo sitholwa futhi silashwa kusenesikhathi, ingane ivame ukululama ngokuphelele. Ukufa noma ukukhubazeka unomphela kungaholela ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Ukwehluleka kokuphefumula kungakhula. Lokhu kuzodinga usizo ngokuphefumula (mechanical ventilation).

I-botulism yezinsana ingasongela impilo. Iya egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo noma ushayele inombolo yendawo ephuthumayo (efana ne-911) ngokushesha uma usana lwakho lunezimpawu ze-botulism.

Ngokombono, lesi sifo singagwenywa ngokuvimba ukutholakala kwezinhlamvu. Izinhlamvu zeClostridium zitholakala kuju kanye nesiraphu yommbila. Lokhu kudla akufanele kunikezwe izingane ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa ubudala.

I-Birch TB, iBleck TP. I-botulism (IClostridium botulinum). Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ama-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kanye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 245.

UKhouri JM, u-Arnon SS. I-botulism yezinsana. Ku: Cherry JD, Harrison GJ, Kaplan SL, Steinbach WJ, Hotez PJ, abahleli. Incwadi kaFeigin neCherry's Pediatric Infectious Diseases. Umhlaka 8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 147.

UNorton LE, uSchleiss MR. I-Botulism (Clostridium botulinum). Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 237.