Ukuphakanyiswa kobuso

Ukuphakamisa ubuso kuyindlela yokuhlinzwa yokulungisa ukuxegiselwa, ukulengisa, nesikhumba esishwabene sobuso nentamo.

Ukuphakanyiswa kobuso kungenziwa wedwa noma ngokuvuselelwa kwamakhala, ukuphakama ebunzini, noma ukuhlinzwa kwejwabu leso.

Ngenkathi ulele (uhleli phansi) futhi ungenazinhlungu (i-anesthesia yendawo), noma ulele ubuthongo obukhulu futhi ungenazinhlungu (i-anesthesia ejwayelekile), udokotela ohlinzayo uzokwenza ukusikeka okuhlinzwa okuqala ngaphezu komugqa wezinwele emathempelini, kunwebe ngemuva kwendlebe, futhi kuya ekhanda elingezansi. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kunqunywe okukodwa. Kungafakwa imbobo ngaphansi kwesilevu sakho.

Amasu amaningi ahlukene akhona. Imiphumela ngayinye iyafana kodwa ukuqhubeka kokuthuthuka kungahluka kangakanani.

Ngesikhathi sokuphakama kobuso, udokotela ohlinzayo anga:

• Susa bese "uphakamisa" amanye amanoni nemisipha ngaphansi kwesikhumba (okubizwa ngokuthi ungqimba lwe-SMAS; le yingxenye enkulu yokuphakamisa ubuso)
• Susa noma uhambise isikhumba esivulekile
• Qinisa imisipha
• Yenza i-liposuction yentamo nejowls
• Sebenzisa iziqu ukuvala ukusikeka

Isikhumba esikhukhulayo noma esishwabene senzeka ngokwemvelo njengoba ukhula. Amafolda nokufakwa kwamafutha kuvela entanyeni. Ukwakheka okujulile phakathi kwekhala nomlomo. I-jawline ikhula "jowly" futhi ihamba kancane. Izakhi zofuzo, ukungadli kahle, ukubhema, noma ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kungenza izinkinga zesikhumba ziqale ngokushesha noma zishube ngokushesha.

Ukuphakanyiswa kobuso kungasiza ukulungisa ezinye zezimpawu ezibonakalayo zokuguga. Ukulungisa umonakalo esikhunjeni, emafutheni nasemisipheni kungabuyisa "omncane", ukubukeka okuqabulekile nokungakhathali okuncane.

Abantu banokuphakama ebusweni ngoba abaneliswa yizimpawu zokuguga ebusweni babo, kepha banempilo enhle ngenye indlela.

Izingozi ze-anesthesia nokuhlinzwa ngokujwayelekile yilezi:

• Ukusabela emithini
• Izinkinga zokuphefumula
• Ukopha, amahlule egazi, noma ukutheleleka

Izingozi zokuhlinzwa ebusweni zifaka:

• Iphakethe legazi ngaphansi kwesikhumba (hematoma) elingadinga ukukhishwa ngokuhlinzwa
• Ukulimala kwezinzwa ezilawula imisipha yobuso (lokhu kuvamise ukuba okwesikhashana, kepha kungaba unomphela)
• Amanxeba angapholi kahle
• Ubuhlungu obungapheli
• Ubuntofontofo noma olunye ushintsho ekuzweleni kwesikhumba

Yize iningi labantu lijabule ngemiphumela, imiphumela engemihle yezimonyo engadinga ukuhlinzwa okuningi ifaka phakathi:

• Isibazi esingathandeki
• Ukungalingani kobuso
• Uketshezi oluqoqa ngaphansi kwesikhumba (seroma)
• Ukuma kwesikhumba okungajwayelekile (ukunquma nentaba)
• Izinguquko kumbala wesikhumba
• Ama-Suture abonakalayo noma abangela ukucasuka

Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho, uzoba nokubonisana neziguli. Lokhu kuzobandakanya umlando, ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, kanye nokuhlolwa kwengqondo. Ungahle ufune ukuletha othile (ofana nowakwakho) ngesikhathi sokuvakasha.

Zizwe ukhululekile ukubuza imibuzo. Qiniseka ukuthi uyaziqonda izimpendulo zemibuzo yakho. Kumele uqonde ngokugcwele amalungiselelo okuhlinzwa, inqubo yokulungisa ubuso, intuthuko engalindelwa, nokunakekelwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

Isonto elilodwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ungacelwa ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha izinciphisi zegazi. Le mithi ingadala ukopha okwengeziwe ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.

• Eminye yale mithi i-aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), ne-naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn).
• Uma uthatha i-warfarin (i-Coumadin, i-Jantoven), i-dabigatran (i-Pradaxa), i-apixaban (i-Eliquis), i-rivaroxaban powder (i-Xarelto), noma i-clopidogrel (i-Plavix), khuluma nodokotela wakho ohlinzayo ngaphambi kokuma noma ushintshe indlela oyithatha ngayo le mithi.

Phakathi nezinsuku ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho:

• Buza ukuthi imiphi imithi okufanele uyithathe ngosuku lokuhlinzwa kwakho.
• Ngaso sonke isikhathi vumela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo azi ukuthi unomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, ukuphuma kwe-herpes, noma esinye isifo esikhathini esiholela ekuhlinzweni kwakho.

Ngosuku lokuhlinzwa kwakho:

• Cishe uzocelwa ukuthi ungaphuzi noma ungadli lutho ngemuva kwamabili ebusuku ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukusebenzisa ushungamu nomoya wokuphefumula. Hlanza umlomo wakho ngamanzi uma uzizwa womile. Qaphela ukuthi ungagwinyi.
• Thatha imithi otshelwe ukuthi uyiphuze ngophuzo oluncane lwamanzi.
• Fika ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.

Qiniseka ukuthi ulandela noma imiphi eminye imiyalelo evela kudokotela wakho ohlinzayo.

Udokotela ohlinzayo angafaka okwesikhashana ithubhu elincane, elincane lokuhambisa amanzi ngaphansi kwesikhumba ngemuva kwendlebe ukukhipha noma yiliphi igazi elingase liqoqwe lapho. Ikhanda lakho lizosongwa ngokukhululeka ngamabhandeshi ukunciphisa ukulimaza nokuvuvukala.

Akufanele ube nokungaphatheki kahle okuningi ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Ungakhulula noma ikuphi ukungakhululeki okuzwayo ngemithi yobuhlungu udokotela ohlinzayo akushoyo. Okunye ukuba ndikindiki kwesikhumba kujwayelekile futhi kuzonyamalala emasontweni noma ezinyangeni ezimbalwa.

Ikhanda lakho lidinga ukuphakanyiswa emiqamelweni emi-2 (noma nge-engela engama-degree angama-30) izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ukuze kugcinwe ukuvuvukala. Ishubhu lokuhambisa amanzi lizosuswa ezinsukwini ezi-1 kuya kwezi-2 ngemuva kokuhlinzwa uma kufakwe eyodwa. Amabhandeshi avame ukususwa ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-1 kuye kwezi-5. Ubuso bakho buzobukeka buphaphathekile, bulimele, futhi bukhukhumele, kodwa emasontweni amane kuya kwayisithupha buyobukeka bujwayelekile.

Eminye imithungo izosuswa ezinsukwini ezi-5. Izitishi noma iziqeshana zensimbi ku-hairline zingashiywa izinsuku ezimbalwa ezengeziwe uma isikhumba sekhanda sithatha isikhathi eside ukuphola.

Kufanele ugweme:

• Ukuthatha noma iyiphi i-aspirin, ibuprofen, noma ezinye izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID) ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala
• Ukubhema nokuvezwa intuthu kagwayi
• Ukuqina, ukugoba, nokuphakamisa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa

Landela imiyalelo yokusebenzisa ukufihla izimonyo ngemuva kweviki lokuqala. Ukuvuvukala okuncane kungaqhubeka amasonto ambalwa. Ungase futhi ube ndikindiki ebusweni kuze kube izinyanga ezimbalwa.

Iningi labantu liyajabula ngemiphumela.

Uzoba nokuvuvukala, ukulimaza, ukushintsha kwesikhumba, ubumnene, kanye nokuqina phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-10 kuya kwezingu-14 noma ngaphezulu ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Izibazi eziningi ezihlinzekwayo zifihliwe kulayini wezinwele noma kolayini bemvelo bobuso futhi zizophela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo mhlawumbe uzokweluleka ukuthi unciphise ukukhanya kwelanga lakho.

I-Rhytidectomy; Ubuso obuhle; Ukuhlinzwa kwezimonyo ebusweni

• Facelift - uchungechunge

Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Niamtu J. Facelift (cervicofacial rhytidectomy). Ku: Niamtu J, ed. Ukuhlinzwa Kwezimonyo. Okwesibili. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 3.

UWarren RJ. Ukuphakanyiswa kobuso: imigomo nezindlela zokuhlinza ekuphakamiseni ubuso. Ku: Rubin JP, Neligan PC, eds. Ukuhlinzwa Kweplastiki: Umqulu 2: Ukuhlinzwa Kobuhle. Umhla wesi-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 6.2.