I-Enteroscopy

I-Enteroscopy inqubo esetshenziselwa ukuhlola amathumbu amancane (amathumbu amancane).

Ishubhu elincanyana, eliguquguqukayo (i-endoscope) lifakwa ngomlomo lize lifinyelele engxenyeni ephezulu yamathumbu. Ngesikhathi se-enteroscopy enamabhaluni amabili, amabhaluni anamathele ku-endoscope angafakwa umoya ukuvumela udokotela ukuthi abuke ingxenye yamathumbu amancane.

Ku-colonoscopy, kufakwa ithubhu eliguquguqukayo nge-rectum yakho kanye nekholoni. Ishubhu livame ukufinyelela engxenyeni yokugcina yamathumbu amancane (ileum). I-capsule endoscopy yenziwa nge-capsule elahlwayo oyigwinyayo.

Amasampula amathishu asuswe ngesikhathi se-enteroscopy athunyelwa elebhu ukuyohlolwa. (Ama-Biopsies awathathwa nge-capsule endoscopy.)

Ungathathi imikhiqizo equkethe i-aspirin isonto eli-1 ngaphambi kwenqubo. Tshela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uma uthatha izinciphisi zegazi ezifana ne-warfarin (Coumadin), i-clopidogrel (i-Plavix), noma i-apixaban (i-Eliquis) ngoba lokhu kungaphazamisa isivivinyo. Ungayeki ukuphuza noma imuphi umuthi ngaphandle uma utshelwe ngumhlinzeki wakho.

Ungadli noma yikuphi ukudla okuqinile noma imikhiqizo yobisi ngemuva kwamabili ngosuku lwenqubo yakho. Ungaba neziphuzo ezicacile kuze kube ngamahora angu-4 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwakho.

Kufanele usayine ifomu lokuvuma.

Uzonikezwa umuthi wokwehlisa nokwehlisa inqubo futhi ngeke uzizwe ungaphatheki kahle. Ungaba nokuqunjelwa noma ukucindezelwa lapho uvuka. Lokhu kusuka emoyeni odonswa esiswini ukukhulisa indawo ngesikhathi senqubo.

I-capsule endoscopy ayibangeli ukungakhululeki.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvame ukwenziwa ukusiza ukuxilonga izifo zamathumbu amancane. Kungenziwa uma une:

• Imiphumela engajwayelekile ye-x-ray
• Izimila emathunjini amancane
• Uhudo olungachazeki
• Ukopha kwamathumbu okungachazeki

Emiphumeleni evamile yokuhlolwa, umhlinzeki ngeke athole imithombo yokopha emathunjini amancane, futhi ngeke athole izicubu noma ezinye izicubu ezingavamile.

Izimpawu zingafaka:

• Ukungajwayelekile kwezicubu ezifaka amathumbu amancane (mucosa) noma okuncane, okufana neminwe ebusweni bamathumbu amancane (villi)
• Ukwandiswa okungavamile kwemithambo yegazi (angioectasis) kulwelwesi lwamathumbu
• Amaseli omzimba abizwa nge-PAS-positive macrophage
• Ama-polyps noma umdlavuza
• Imisebe enteritis
• I-lymph node evuvukile noma ekhulisiwe noma imikhumbi ye-lymphatic
• Izilonda

Izinguquko ezitholwe ku-enteroscopy zingaba yizimpawu zokuphazamiseka nezimo, kufaka phakathi:

• I-Amyloidosis
• I-Celiac sprue
• Isifo seCrohn
• Ukushoda kwe-Folate noma i-vitamin B12
• IGiardiasis
• I-gastroenteritis ethathelwanayo
• I-Lymphangiectasia
• I-Lymphoma
• I-angiectasia emathunjini amancane
• Umdlavuza omncane wamathumbu
  
• I-tropical sprue
• Isifo semvubu

Izinkinga azivamile kepha zingafaka:

• Ukopha ngokweqile kusuka kusiza se-biopsy
• I-Hole emathunjini (ukugcotshwa kwamathumbu)
• Ukutheleleka kwesiza se-biopsy okuholela ku-bacteremia
• Ukuhlanza, kulandelwe ukufisela emaphashini
• I-capsule endoscope ingadala ukuvaleka emathunjini anciphile anezimpawu zobuhlungu besisu nokuqunjelwa
  
  

Izici ezivimbela ukusetshenziswa kwalokhu kuhlolwa zingafaka:

• Umuntu ongabambisani noma odidekile
• Ukuphazamiseka kokunqandeka kwegazi (coagulation) okungalashwa
• Ukusetshenziswa kwe-aspirin noma eminye imithi evimbela igazi ekunqandeni ngokujwayelekile (ama-anticoagulants)

Ingozi enkulu ukopha. Izimpawu zifaka:

• Ubuhlungu besisu
• Igazi ezitulweni
• Kuhlanza igazi

Push enteroscopy; I-enteroscopy yamabhaluni amabili; I-capsule enteroscopy

• I-biopsy encane yamathumbu
• I-Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)
• I-capsule endoscopy

IBarth B, iTroendle D. Capsule endoscopy kanye ne-enteroscopy yamathumbu amancane. Ku: Wyllie R, Hyams JS, Kay M, eds. Izifo Zamathumbu Emathunjini Nesibindi. Umhlaka 5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 63.

UMarcinkowski P, uFichera A. Ukuphathwa kokopha okuphansi kwamathumbu. Ku: UCameron AM, uCameron JL, ama-eds. Ukwelashwa Kwamanje. Umhlaka 13. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: 341-347.

UVargo JJ. Ukulungiselela kanye nezinkinga ze-GI endoscopy. Ku: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, ama-eds. Sleisenger kanye neFordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. Umhlaka 10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 41.

Waterman M, Zurad EG, Gralnek IM. I-capsule endoscopy yevidiyo. Ku: Fowler GC, ed. Izinqubo zikaPfenninger noFowler zokuNakekela okuyisisekelo. Umhla wesi-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 93.