Ukuhlolwa kwezempilo kwabesifazane abaneminyaka engu-18 kuya ku-39

Kufanele uvakashele umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ngezikhathi ezithile, noma ngabe uphilile. Inhloso yalokhu kuvakasha uku:

• Isikrini sezinkinga zezokwelapha
• Hlola ubungozi bakho ezinkingeni zezokwelapha zesikhathi esizayo
• Khuthaza indlela yokuphila enempilo
• Buyekeza imigomo
• Kukusiza ukuthi wazi umhlinzeki wakho uma kwenzeka ukugula

Noma uzizwa ukahle, kusamele ubone umhlinzeki wakho ukuze ahlolwe njalo. Lokhu kuvakasha kungakusiza ugweme izinkinga ngokuzayo. Isibonelo, okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuthola ukuthi une-high blood pressure yini ukuthi ihlolwe njalo. Ushukela wegazi ophakeme namazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol nawo kungenzeka angabi nazimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula kungabheka lezi zimo.

Kunezikhathi ezithile lapho kufanele ubone umhlinzeki wakho. Ngezansi imihlahlandlela yokuhlola abesifazane abaneminyaka engu-18 kuya ku-39.

UKUGCINWA KWEGAZI

• Yenza ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi yakho okungenani kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili. Uma inombolo ephezulu (i-systolic number) isuka ku-120 kuye ku-139, noma inombolo engezansi (inombolo ye-diastolic) isuka ku-80 kuye ku-89 mm Hg, kufanele uyihlole minyaka yonke.
• Uma inombolo ephezulu ingu-130 noma ngaphezulu noma inombolo engezansi ingama-80 noma ngaphezulu, hlela i-aphoyintimenti nomhlinzeki wakho ukuze ufunde ukuthi unganciphisa kanjani umfutho wegazi.
• Uma unesifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, izinkinga zezinso, noma ezinye izimo ezithile, kungadingeka ukuthi uhlolwe umfutho wegazi lakho kaningi, kepha okungenani kanye ngonyaka.
• Buka ukuhlolwa kwegazi endaweni yakho.Buza umhlinzeki wakho ukuthi ungangena yini ukuze kuhlolwe umfutho wegazi.

UKUHLELWA KWE-CHOLESTEROL

• Kunconywe iminyaka yokuqala yokuhlolisiswa kwe-cholesterol yiminyaka engama-45 kwabesifazane abangenazo izinto eziyingozi zesifo senhliziyo neminyaka engama-20 yabesifazane abanezici eziyingozi zesifo senhliziyo.
• Abesifazane abanamazinga ajwayelekile we-cholesterol akudingeki ukuthi ukuhlolwa kuphindwe iminyaka emihlanu.
• Phinda ukuhlolwa ngokushesha kunokudingekayo uma izinguquko zenzeka kwindlela yokuphila (kufaka phakathi ukuzuza kwesisindo nokudla).
• Uma unesifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, izinkinga zezinso, noma ezinye izimo ezithile, kungadingeka ukuthi ubhekwe eduze.

UKUKHULULEKA KAShukela

• Uma umfutho wegazi lakho ungama-130/80 mm Hg noma ngaphezulu, umhlinzeki wakho angahlola izinga likashukela egazini likashukela.
• Uma unenkomba yomzimba (BMI) enkulu kunama-25 futhi unezinye izinto ezinobungozi besifo sikashukela, kufanele uhlolwe. Ukuba ne-BMI engaphezu kwama-25 kusho ukuthi ukhuluphele ngokweqile. Abantu base-Asia baseMelika kufanele bahlolwe uma i-BMI yabo ingaphezu kuka-23.
• Uma unezinye izinto ezinobungozi zesifo sikashukela, njengeziqu zokuqala ezihlobene nesifo sikashukela noma umlando wesifo senhliziyo, umhlinzeki wakho uzokuhlolela isifo sikashukela.
• Uma ukhuluphele kakhulu futhi unezinye izinto ezinobungozi ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme futhi uhlela ukukhulelwa, kunconywa ukuhlolwa
  

ISIVIVINYO SAMazinyo

• Iya kudokotela wamazinyo kanye noma kabili ngonyaka ukuze uhlolwe futhi uhlanzwe. Udokotela wamazinyo uzohlola uma udinga ukuvakashelwa kaningi.

ISIVIVINYO SESO

• Uma unezinkinga zokubona, hlola iso njalo eminyakeni emi-2 noma kaningi uma kunconyelwa umhlinzeki wakho.
• Yenza ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okungenani njalo ngonyaka uma unesifo sikashukela.

UKUGONYA

• Kufanele uthole umkhuhlane njalo ngonyaka.
• Ngesikhathi noma ngemuva kweminyaka engu-19, kufanele ube nomuthi wokugoma owodwa we-tetanus-diphtheria kanye ne-acellular pertussis (Tdap) njengomunye wemigomo yakho ye-tetanus-diphtheria uma ungawutholanga njengomuntu osemusha. Kufanele ube ne-tetanus-diphtheria booster njalo eminyakeni eyi-10.
• Kufanele uthole imithamo emibili yokugoma i-varicella uma ungakaze ube nenkukhu noma umuthi wokugoma we-varicella.
• Kufanele uthole isilinganiso esisodwa noma ezimbili zomuthi wokugomela isimungumungwane, imvukuzane, ne-rubella (MMR) uma ungakabi namandla omzimba kuMMR. Udokotela wakho angakutshela uma unamasosha omzimba.
  
• Umhlinzeki wakho angancoma eminye imigomo uma usengozini enkulu yezimo ezithile, njenge-pneumonia.

Buza umhlinzeki wakho ngomuthi wokugoma i-human papilloma virus (HPV) uma uneminyaka engu-19 kuya kwengu-26 futhi une:

• Awutholakalanga umuthi wokugoma we-HPV esikhathini esedlule
• Awuqedanga uchungechunge oluphelele lokugoma (kufanele ubambe kulokhu kudutshulwa)

UKUKHULULELA ISIFO ESITHILE

• Abesifazane abenza ucansi kufanele bahlolwe i-chlamydia ne-gonorrhea kuze kube yiminyaka engama-25. Abesifazane abaneminyaka engama-25 nangaphezulu kufanele bahlolwe uma besengozini enkulu.
  
• Bonke abantu abadala abaneminyaka engu-18 kuya ku-79 kufanele bathole ukuhlolwa kwesikhathi esisodwa nge-hepatitis C.
  
• Ngokuya ngempilo yakho nomlando wakho wezokwelapha, kungadingeka nokuthi uhlolwe izifo ezithinta ugcunsula ne-HIV, kanye nezinye izifo.
  

• Umfutho wegazi lakho kufanele uhlolwe okungenani njalo eminyakeni engu-1 kuya kwengu-2.
• Ukuhlolelwa umdlavuza wesibeletho kufanele kuqale lapho uneminyaka engama-21.
• Ukuphakama kwakho, isisindo, kanye ne-BMI kufanele kuhlolwe kuzo zonke izivivinyo.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwakho, umhlinzeki wakho angakubuza mayelana:

• Ukucindezeleka
• Ukudla nokuvivinya umzimba
• Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala nogwayi
• Izinkinga zokuphepha, njengokusebenzisa amabhande esihlalo nemitshina yokubhema

UKUHLELWA KOMDLAVUZA WAMABELE

• Abesifazane bangenza ukuthi bazihlole amabele nyangazonke. Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe abavumelani ngezinzuzo zokuzivivinya amabele ekutholeni umdlavuza webele noma ekusindiseni izimpilo. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho mayelana nokuthi yini ekufanele kakhulu.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-mammogram akunconyelwe abesifazane abaningi abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-40.
• Uma unomama noma udadewenu owayenomdlavuza webele esemncane, cabanga ngama-mammograms minyaka yonke. Kufanele baqale ngaphambi kweminyaka yobudala lapho ilungu labo lomndeni elincane kunazo zonke latholakala.
• Uma unezinye izinto ezinobungozi zomdlavuza webele, umhlinzeki wakho angancoma i-mammogram, i-breast ultrasound, noma i-MRI scan.
• Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho khona manjalo uma ubona ushintsho emabeleni akho, noma ngabe uyazihlola amabele noma cha.
• Uma uneminyaka yobudala engu-18 kuya kwengu-39, umhlinzeki wakho angenza ukuhlolwa kwebele lomtholampilo.

UKUJOLWA KOMDLAVUZA WOMLOMO WESIBELEKO

Ukuhlolwa komdlavuza wesibeletho kufanele kuqale lapho uneminyaka engama-21. Ngemuva kokuhlolwa kokuqala:

• Abesifazane abaneminyaka engama-21 kuya kwengama-29 kufanele bahlolwe iPap njalo eminyakeni emithathu. Ukuhlolwa kwe-HPV akunconyelwe leli qembu leminyaka yobudala.
  
• Abesifazane abaneminyaka engama-30 kuya kwengama-65 kufanele bahlolwe ukuhlolwa kwePap njalo eminyakeni emithathu noma ukuhlolwa kwe-HPV njalo eminyakeni emihlanu.
  
• Uma wena noma umlingani wakho wezocansi unabanye abalingani abasha, kufanele uhlolwe i-Pap njalo eminyakeni emithathu.
  
• Abesifazane abelashelwe i-precancer (i-cervical dysplasia) kufanele baqhubeke nokuhlolwa iPap iminyaka engama-20 ngemuva kokwelashwa noma kuze kube yiminyaka engama-65, noma yikuphi okude.
  
• Uma ukhishwe isibeletho kanye nomlomo wesibeletho (i-hysterectomy ephelele) futhi awutholakali unomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho kungenzeka ungadingi ukwenza i-Pap smears.

ISIKHUME SOKUZIHLOLA

• Umhlinzeki wakho angahlola isikhumba sakho ukuthola izimpawu zomdlavuza wesikhumba, ikakhulukazi uma usengozini enkulu.
• Abantu abasengozini enkulu bahlanganisa labo abake baba nomdlavuza wesikhumba phambilini, banezihlobo eziseduze ezinomdlavuza wesikhumba, noma abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka.

OKUNYE UKUHOLA

• Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho mayelana nokuhlolwa komdlavuza wekolon uma unomlando oqinile womndeni womdlavuza wekoloni noma ama-polyps, noma uma uke waba nezifo zamathumbu ezivuthayo noma ama-polyps ngokwakho.
• Ukuhlolisiswa kwamathambo ejwayelekile kwabesifazane abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-40 akunconyiwe.

Ukuvakashelwa kwesondlo - abesifazane - abaneminyaka engu-18 kuya ku-39; Ukuhlolwa komzimba - abesifazane - abaneminyaka engu-18 kuya ku-39; Ukuhlolwa konyaka - abesifazane - abaneminyaka engu-18 kuya ku-39; Ukuhlolwa - abesifazane - abaneminyaka engu-18 kuya ku-39; Impilo yabesifazane - abaneminyaka engu-18 kuya ku-39; Ukunakekelwa kokuvimbela - abesifazane - abaneminyaka engu-18 kuya ku-39

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