Isifo se-reflux se-gastroesophageal - izingane

I-reflux ye-Gastroesophageal (GER) yenzeka lapho okuqukethwe yisisu kuvuza emuva kusuka esiswini kuya esiswini (ithubhu kusuka emlonyeni kuya esiswini). Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi i-reflux. I-GER ingacasula i-esophagus futhi ibangele isilungulela.

Isifo se-reflux se-Gastroesophageal (GERD) yinkinga ehlala isikhathi eside lapho i-reflux yenzeka kaningi. Kungadala izimpawu ezinzima kakhulu.

Lo mbhalo ukhuluma nge-GERD ezinganeni. Kuyinkinga ejwayelekile ezinganeni zayo yonke iminyaka.

Uma sidla, ukudla kudlula kusuka emphinjeni kuya esiswini kudlule ngomphefumulo. Indandatho yemicu yemisipha endaweni engezansi ivimbela ukudla okugwinyiwe ukuthi kungabuyeli emuva.

Lapho le ndandatho yemisipha ingavali yonke indlela, okuqukethwe yisisu kungaphinde kubuyele emqaleni. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-reflux noma i-reflux ye-gastroesophageal.

Ezinsaneni, le ndandatho yemisipha ayikakhuli ngokuphelele, futhi lokhu kungadala i-reflux. Yingakho izingane zivame ukukhafula ngemuva kokudla. I-Reflux ezinganeni iyahamba uma nje le misipha ikhula, imvamisa ngeminyaka engu-1 yobudala.

Lapho izimpawu ziqhubeka noma ziba zimbi kakhulu, kungaba uphawu lwe-GERD.

Izici ezithile zingaholela ku-GERD ezinganeni, kufaka phakathi:

• Ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa, njenge-hernia yokubeletha, isimo lapho ingxenye yesisu idlulela khona ngokuvulwa kwesifo esifubeni. I-diaphragm isicubu esihlukanisa isifuba nesisu.
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile.
• Imithi ethile, njengemithi ethile esetshenziselwa i-asthma.
• Intuthu kagwayi.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwesisu esingenhla.
• Ukuphazamiseka kobuchopho, njengokukhubazeka kobuchopho.
• I-Genetics - I-GERD ijwayele ukugijima emindenini.

Izimpawu ezivamile ze-GERD ezinganeni nasebusheni zifaka:

• Ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo, ukubuyisa ukudla (ukuphinda uvuselele), noma mhlawumbe ukuhlanza.
• I-Reflux nesilungulela. Izingane ezincane zingase zingakwazi ukukhomba nobuhlungu futhi esikhundleni salokho zichaze ubuhlungu besisu noma besifuba obandile.
• Ukuklinya, ukukhwehlela okungamahlalakhona, noma ukuphefumula.
• Ama-hiccups noma ama-burps.
• Ukungafuni ukudla, ukudla okuncane kuphela, noma ukugwema ukudla okuthile.
• Ukwehla kwesisindo noma ukungatholi isisindo.
• Ukuzwa ukuthi ukudla kubhajwe ngemuva kwesifuba sesifuba noma ubuhlungu ngokugwinya.
• Ukuduma noma ukushintsha kwezwi.

Ingane yakho kungenzeka ingadingi zivivinyo uma izimpawu zimnene.

Ukuhlolwa okubizwa nge-barium swallow swallow noma i-GI ephezulu kungenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Kulesi sivivinyo, ingane yakho izogwinya into eshisayo ukugqamisa umphimbo, isisu nengxenye ephezulu yamathumbu akhe amancane. Ingakhombisa ukuthi ngabe uketshezi luyasekela yini ukusuka esiswini luyongena emphinjeni noma uma kukhona okuvimba noma ukunciphisa lezi zindawo.

Uma izimpawu zingathuthuki, noma zibuya ngemuva kokuthi ingane yelashwe ngemithi, umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angenza isivivinyo. Isivivinyo esisodwa sibizwa nge-endoscopy ephezulu (i-EGD). Isivivinyo:

• Kwenziwa ngekhamera encane (i-endoscope eguquguqukayo) efakwa ngomphimbo
• Ihlola ulwelwesi lwesisu, isisu, nengxenye yokuqala yamathumbu amancane

Umhlinzeki angenza futhi izivivinyo ku:

• Linganisa ukuthi i-asidi yesisu ingena kangaki emqaleni
• Linganisa ingcindezi engxenyeni engezansi yomhosha

Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila zingasiza ukuphatha i-GERD ngempumelelo. Banamathuba amaningi okuthi basebenzele izingane ezinezimpawu ezinzima noma izimpawu ezingabonakali kaningi.

Izinguquko zokuphila ikakhulukazi zifaka:

• Ukwehlisa isisindo, uma ukhuluphele ngokweqile
• Ukugqoka izingubo ezikhululekile okhalweni
• Ukulala nekhanda lombhede kuphakanyiswe kancane, ezinganeni ezinezimpawu zobusuku
• Hhayi ukulala phansi amahora amathathu ngemuva kokudla

Lezi zinguquko ezilandelayo zokudla zingasiza uma ukudla kubonakala kungadala izimpawu:

• Ukugwema ukudla okunoshukela omningi noma ukudla okubabayo kakhulu
• Ukugwema ushokoledi, i-peppermint, noma iziphuzo ezine-caffeine
• Ukugwema iziphuzo ezine-asidi ezifana namakhola noma ijusi lewolintshi
• Ukudla ukudla okuncane kaningi usuku lonke

Khuluma nomhlinzeki wengane yakho ngaphambi kokukhawulela amafutha. Inzuzo yokunciphisa amafutha ezinganeni ayifakazelwa kahle. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izingane zinezakhamzimba ezifanele ukuze zikhule kahle.

Abazali noma abanakekeli ababhemayo kufanele bayeke ukubhema. Ungalokothi ubheme eduze kwezingane. Ukubhema okuhogelwayo kungadala i-GERD ezinganeni.

Uma umhlinzeki wengane yakho ethi KULUNGILE ukwenza kanjalo, unganikeza abacindezeli be-asidi enganeni yakho (i-OTC). Basiza ukunciphisa inani le-asidi ekhiqizwa yisisu. Le mithi isebenza kancane, kepha iqeda izimpawu isikhathi eside. Kubandakanya:

• I-Proton pump inhibitors
• Ama-H2 blocker

Umhlinzeki wengane yakho futhi angaphakamisa ukusebenzisa ama-antacids kanye neminye imithi. Unganiki ingane yakho noma iyiphi yale mithi ngaphandle kokubheka kuqala umhlinzeki.

Uma lezi zindlela zokwelashwa zehluleka ukuphatha izimpawu, ukuhlinzekwa nge-anti-reflux kungaba yindlela yezingane ezinezimpawu ezinzima. Isibonelo, ukuhlinzwa kungacatshangelwa ezinganeni eziba nezinkinga zokuphefumula.

Khuluma nomhlinzeki wengane yakho mayelana nokuthi yiziphi izinketho ezingase zilungele ingane yakho.

Iningi lezingane lisabela kahle ekwelashweni nasekuguqukeni kwendlela yokuphila. Kodwa-ke, izingane eziningi zidinga ukuqhubeka nokuthatha imishanguzo ukulawula izimpawu zazo.

Izingane ezine-GERD zinamathuba amaningi okuba nezinkinga nge-reflux nesilungulela njengabantu abadala.

Izinkinga ze-GERD ezinganeni zingafaka:

• Isifuba somoya esingaba sibi kakhulu
• Ukulimala ulwelwesi lwe-esophagus, okungadala isibazi nokuncipha
• I-ulcer ku-esophagus (engavamile)

Shayela umhlinzeki wengane yakho uma izimpawu zingathuthuki ngokushintsha kwendlela yokuphila. Fonela futhi uma ingane inalezi zimpawu:

• Ukopha
• Ukuchofoza (ukukhwehlela, ukuphefumula okuncane)
• Uzizwa usutha ngokushesha lapho udla
• Ukuhlanza njalo
• Ukungahambi kahle
• Ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla
• Inkinga yokugwinya noma ubuhlungu ngokugwinya
• Ukwehla kwesisindo
  

Ungasiza ekunciphiseni izinto ezinobungozi ze-GERD ezinganeni ngokuthatha lezi zinyathelo:

• Siza ingane yakho ukuthi ihlale isisindo esinempilo ngokudla okunempilo nokuvivinya umzimba njalo.
• Ungalokothi ubheme eduze kwengane yakho. Gcina ikhaya nemoto engabhemi. Uma ubhema, yeka.
  

Peptic esophagitis - izingane; I-Reflux esophagitis - izingane; GERD - izingane; Isilungulela - okungamahlalakhona - izingane; I-Dyspepsia - GERD - izingane

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National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. I-Acid reflux (GER & GERD) ezinganeni. www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/acid-reflux-ger-gerd-infants. Kubuyekezwe u-Ephreli, 2015. Kufinyelelwe ngo-Okthoba 14, 2020.

URichards MK, uGoldin AB. I-Reflux yesisu se-neonatal. Ku: Gleason CA, Juul SE, ama-eds. Izifo zika-Avery Zomntwana osanda kuzalwa. Umhlaka 10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 74.

IVandenplas Y. I-Reflux yesisu. Ku: Wyllie R, Hyams JS, Kay M, eds. Izifo Zamathumbu Emathunjini Nesibindi. Umhlaka 6.IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 21.