Oseltamivir

-Delile

• Uma ngabe unikeza ukumiswa kokuhweba kumuntu omdala noma ingane engaphezu konyaka ubudala, landela lezi zinyathelo ukukala umthamo usebenzisa isirinji enikeziwe:
• Uma unenkinga yokugwinya amaphilisi, udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi uvule i-capsule uphinde uhlanganise okuqukethwe noketshezi olunoshukela. Ukulungiselela amanani we-oseltamivir kubantu abangakwazi ukugwinya amaphilisi:
• Ngaphambi kokuthatha i-oseltamivir,
• I-Oseltamivir ingadala imiphumela emibi. Tshela udokotela wakho uma kukhona kulezi zimpawu ezinzima noma ezingapheli:
• Eminye imiphumela emibi ingaba mibi. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu noma lezo ezishiwo esigabeni SOKUQAPHA OKUKHETHEKILE, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha:
• Izimpawu zokudlula ngokweqile zingafaka:

I-Oseltamivir isetshenziselwa ukwelapha ezinye izinhlobo zokutheleleka komkhuhlane ('flu') kubantu abadala, ezinganeni, nasezinsaneni (ezindala kunamasonto amabili ubudala) abanezimpawu zomkhuhlane ezingekho ezinsukwini ezimbili. Lo muthi ubuye usetshenziselwe ukuvikela izinhlobo ezithile zomkhuhlane kubantu abadala nasezinganeni (ezindala kunonyaka owodwa ubudala) lapho bachithe isikhathi nomuntu onomkhuhlane noma lapho kuba nokuqubuka komkhuhlane. I-Oseltamivir isekilasini lemithi ebizwa nge-neuraminidase inhibitors. Isebenza ngokumisa ukusabalala kwegciwane lomkhuhlane emzimbeni. I-Oseltamivir isiza ukunciphisa isikhathi lapho izimpawu zomkhuhlane zifana nekhala eligudlanayo noma eligobayo, umphimbo obuhlungu, ukukhwehlela, imisipha noma amajoyinti, ukukhathala, ikhanda elibuhlungu, umkhuhlane kanye nokugodola okugcina. I-Oseltamivir ngeke ivikele ukutheleleka kwamagciwane, okungenzeka kube yinkinga yomkhuhlane.

I-Oseltamivir iza njenge-capsule nokumiswa (uketshezi) ukuthatha ngomlomo. Lapho i-oseltamivir isetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimpawu zomkhuhlane, imvamisa ithathwa kabili ngosuku (ekuseni nakusihlwa) izinsuku ezi-5. Lapho i-oseltamivir isetshenziselwa ukuvimbela umkhuhlane, ivame ukuthathwa kanye ngosuku okungenani izinsuku eziyi-10, noma kuze kube amasonto ayisithupha ngesikhathi sokuqubuka komkhuhlane womphakathi. I-Oseltamivir ingathathwa nokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla, kepha mancane kakhulu amathuba okuthi isisu sicasuke uma sithathwa ngokudla noma ngobisi. Landela izinkomba ezikulebuli kadokotela wakho ngokucophelela, bese ubuza udokotela noma usokhemisi wakho ukuthi akuchaze nganoma iyiphi ingxenye ongayiqondi. Thatha i-oseltamivir ngqo njengoba iqondisiwe. Ungayithathi kancane noma uyithathe kaningi kunokuyalelwa ngudokotela wakho.

Kubalulekile ukwazi umthamo wemithi udokotela wakho awunqumile futhi usebenzise ithuluzi lokulinganisa elizokala umthamo ngokunembile. Uma uthatha umuthi ngokwakho noma uwunikeza ingane eneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-1 ubudala, ungasebenzisa idivayisi enikezwe ngumenzi ukukala umthamo ngokwemiyalo engezansi. Uma unikeza umuthi ingane engaphansi konyaka owodwa ubudala, akufanele usebenzise idivayisi yokulinganisa enikezwe ngumenzi ngoba ayikwazi ukukala imithamo emincane ngokunembile. Esikhundleni salokho, sebenzisa idivayisi enikezwe usokhemisi wakho. Uma ukumiswa kokuhweba kungatholakali futhi usokhemisi wakho ekulungisela ukumiswa, uzokunikeza ngedivayisi yokukala umthamo wakho. Ungalokothi usebenzise isipuni sasekhaya ukukala imithamo yokumiswa komlomo kwe-oseltamivir.

Uma ngabe unikeza ukumiswa kokuhweba kumuntu omdala noma ingane engaphezu konyaka ubudala, landela lezi zinyathelo ukukala umthamo usebenzisa isirinji enikeziwe:

1. Nyakazisa ukumiswa kahle (cishe imizuzwana emihlanu) ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ngakunye ukuxuba umuthi ngokulinganayo.
2. Vula ibhodlela ngokucindezela phansi kukepisi bese uphendula ikepisi ngasikhathi sinye.
3. Phusha i-plunger yedivayisi yokulinganisa iye phansi ngokuphelele kuthiphu.
4. Faka ichopho ledivayisi yokulinganisa ngokuqinile ekuvulekeni okuphezulu kwebhodlela.
5. Guqula ibhodlela (nedivayisi yokulinganisa linamathele) ubheke phansi.
6. Donsela emuva ku-plunger kancane kuze kube yilapho inani lokumiswa elibekwe ngudokotela wakho ligcwalisa insimbi yokulinganisa ekumakeni okufanele. Eminye imithamo emikhulu ingadinga ukukalwa kusetshenziswa idivaysi yokulinganisa kabili. Uma ungenaso isiqiniseko sokuthi ulinganisa kanjani kahle umthamo owunikwe ngudokotela, buza udokotela noma usokhemisi wakho.
7. Phendulela ibhodlela (nedivayisi yokulinganisa enamathiselwe) ohlangothini lwesokudla bese ususa kancane insimbi yokulinganisa.
8. Thatha i-oseltamivir ngqo emlonyeni wakho kusuka kudivayisi yokulinganisa; ungaxubeki nezinye iziphuzo.
9. Faka ikepisi ebhodleleni bese uvale uvalwe.
10. Susa i-plunger kulo lonke ithuluzi lokulinganisa bese ugeza zombili izingxenye ngaphansi kwamanzi ompompi ahambayo. Vumela izingxenye ukuthi zome ngaphambi kokuphindisela ukusebenziseka okulandelayo.

Shayela udokotela wakho noma usokhemisi ukuthola ukuthi kufanele ulinganise kanjani isilinganiso sokumiswa kwe-oseltamivir uma ungenayo idivayisi yokulinganisa eza nalo muthi.

Uma unenkinga yokugwinya amaphilisi, udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi uvule i-capsule uphinde uhlanganise okuqukethwe noketshezi olunoshukela. Ukulungiselela amanani we-oseltamivir kubantu abangakwazi ukugwinya amaphilisi:

1. Bamba i-capsule phezu kwesitsha esincane bese udonsa ngokucophelela uvule i-capsule bese ukhipha yonke i-powder kusuka ku-capsule kuya esitsheni. Uma udokotela wakho ekuyalele ukuthi uthathe i-capsule engaphezu kweyodwa ngomthamo wakho, bese uvula inani elifanele lama-capsules esitsheni.
2. Faka inani elincane loketshezi olunoshukela, njengesiraphu eshokoledi ejwayelekile noma engenashukela, isiraphu yommbila, isobho se-caramel, noma ushukela okhanyayo onsundu oncibilikiswe emanzini ube yimpuphu.
3. Hlanganisa ingxube.
4. Gwinya konke okuqukethwe kwale ngxube ngokushesha.

Qhubeka nokuthatha i-oseltamivir uze uqede incwadi kadokotela, noma ngabe uqala ukuzizwa ungcono. Ungayeki ukuthatha i-oseltamivir ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Uma uyeka ukuthatha i-oseltamivir maduzane noma weqe imithamo, ukutheleleka kwakho kungenzeka kungalashwa ngokuphelele, noma kungenzeka ungavikeleki emkhuhlaneni.

Uma uzizwa ubi kakhulu noma uba nezimpawu ezintsha ngenkathi uthatha i-oseltamivir, noma uma izimpawu zakho zomkhuhlane zingaqali ukuba ngcono, shayela udokotela wakho.

Buza usokhemisi noma udokotela wakho ikhophi lemininingwane yomkhiqizi yesiguli.

I-Oseltamivir ingasetshenziselwa ukwelapha nokuvikela izifo ezivela kumkhuhlane wezinyoni (inyoni) (igciwane elivame ukuthelela izinyoni kodwa futhi lingadala nokugula okukhulu kubantu). I-Oseltamivir nayo ingasetshenziselwa ukwelapha nokuvikela ukutheleleka okuvela kumkhuhlane A (H1N1).

Lo muthi ungabekelwa okunye ukusetshenziswa; buza udokotela wakho noma usokhemisi ukuthola eminye imininingwane.

Ngaphambi kokuthatha i-oseltamivir,

• Tshela udokotela wakho kanye nosokhemisi uma unegciwane ku-oseltamivir, noma imiphi eminye imithi, noma iziphi izithako kuma-oseltamivir capsules noma ukumiswa. Buza usokhemisi wakho noma hlola imininingwane yesiguli somkhiqizi ukuthola uhlu lwezithako.
• utshele udokotela wakho ukuthi imiphi imishanguzo kadokotela noma engabhaliswanga, amavithamini, izithako zokudla okunempilo kanye nemikhiqizo yamakhambi oyithathayo noma ohlela ukuyithatha. Qinisekisa ukusho noma yikuphi kokulandelayo: imithi ethinta amasosha omzimba njenge-azathioprine (Imuran); i-cyclosporine (iNeoral, iSandimmune); imithi yomdlavuza yamakhemikhali; i-methotrexate (i-Rheumatrex); i-sirolimus (i-Rapamune); i-steroids yomlomo efana ne-dexamethasone (i-Decadron, i-Dexone), i-methylprednisolone (i-Medrol), ne-prednisone (i-Deltasone); noma i-tacrolimus (Prograf). Udokotela wakho angadinga ukushintsha imithamo yemithi yakho noma akuqaphele ngokucophelela ngemiphumela emibi.
• utshele udokotela wakho uma ngabe uke wathatha i-oseltamivir ukwelapha noma ukuvimbela umkhuhlane.
• Tshela udokotela wakho uma unanoma yisiphi isifo noma isimo esithinta amasosha akho omzimba njenge-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) noma i-immunodeficiency syndrome (i-AIDS) noma uma unesifo senhliziyo, samaphaphu noma sezinso.
• tshela udokotela wakho uma ukhulelwe, hlela ukukhulelwa, noma uncelisa. Uma ukhulelwa ngenkathi uthatha i-oseltamivir, shayela udokotela wakho.
• kufanele wazi ukuthi abantu, ikakhulukazi izingane kanye nentsha, abaphethwe umkhuhlane bangadideka, baxakeke, noma bakhathazeke, futhi bangaziphatha ngendlela exakile, bahlaselwe noma bahlangane (babone izinto noma bezwe amazwi angekho), noma bazilimaze noma bazibulale . Wena noma ingane yakho ningathuthukisa lezi zimpawu noma ngabe wena noma ingane yakho nisebenzisa i-oseltamivir, futhi izimpawu zingaqala kungekudala ngemuva kokuqala ukwelashwa uma usebenzisa umuthi. Uma ingane yakho iphethwe umkhuhlane, kufanele ubheke ukuziphatha kwayo ngokucophelela bese ufonela udokotela ngaso leso sikhathi uma idideka noma iziphatha ngendlela engajwayelekile. Uma uphethwe umkhuhlane, wena, umndeni wakho, noma umnakekeli wakho kufanele ushayele udokotela ngaso leso sikhathi uma udideka, uziphatha ngendlela engajwayelekile, noma ucabanga ngokuzilimaza. Qiniseka ukuthi umndeni wakho noma umnakekeli wakho uyazi ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ezingaba zimbi kakhulu ukuze bakwazi ukubiza udokotela uma ungakwazi ukuzifunela ukwelashwa wedwa.
• buza udokotela wakho ukuthi kufanele yini ugonyelwe umkhuhlane unyaka nonyaka. I-Oseltamivir ayithathi indawo yomuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane waminyaka yonke. Uma uthola noma uhlela ukuthola umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane i-intranasal (i-FluMist; umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane ofafazwa emakhaleni), kufanele utshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha i-oseltamivir. I-Oseltamivir ingenza umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane we-intranasal ungasebenzi kahle uma uthathwa kuze kube amasonto ama-2 ngemuva noma kuze kufike emahoreni angama-48 ngaphambi kokuba unikezwe umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane we-intranasal.
• uma une-fructose ukungabekezelelani (isimo esizuzwe njengefa lapho umzimba ungenawo amaprotheni adingekayo ukuze kudilizwe i-fructose, ushukela wezithelo, njenge-sorbitol), kufanele wazi ukuthi ukumiswa kwe-oseltamivir kunoshukela nge-sorbitol. Tshela udokotela wakho uma ungabekezelelani ne-fructose.

Uma ukhohlwa ukuthatha umthamo, wuthathe ngokushesha uma usukhumbula. Uma kungaphezu kwamahora ama-2 ngaphambi komthamo wakho olandelayo ohleliwe, weqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uqhubeka nesimiso sakho sokulinganisa. Uma uphuthelwa imithamo eminingana, shayela udokotela wakho izinkomba. Ungathathi umthamo ophindwe kabili ukwenza okulahlekile.

I-Oseltamivir ingadala imiphumela emibi. Tshela udokotela wakho uma kukhona kulezi zimpawu ezinzima noma ezingapheli:

• isicanucanu
• ukuhlanza
• ubuhlungu besisu
• isifo sohudo
• ikhanda

Eminye imiphumela emibi ingaba mibi. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu noma lezo ezishiwo esigabeni SOKUQAPHA OKUKHETHEKILE, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha:

• ukuqubuka, isifuba, noma amabhamuza esikhunjeni
• izilonda zomlomo
• ukulunywa
• ukuvuvukala kobuso noma kolimi
• ukuphefumula kanzima noma ukugwinya
• ukushaqeka
• ukudideka
• izinkinga zokukhuluma
• ukunyakaza okunyakazayo
• ukusangana (ukubona izinto noma ukuzwa amazwi angekho)

Uma uthola imiphumela emibi kakhulu, wena noma udokotela wakho ungathumela umbiko kuhlelo lwe-Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) MedWatch Adverse Event Reporting online (http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch) noma ngocingo ( 1-800-332-1088).

Gcina le mithi esitsheni efike ingena futhi ingafinyeleleki ezinganeni. Gcina amaphilisi ekamelweni lokushisa kude nokushisa okweqile nomswakama (hhayi endlini yangasese). Ukumiswa kokuhweba kwe-oseltamivir kungagcinwa ekamelweni lokushisa kuze kube yizinsuku eziyi-10 noma esiqandisini izinsuku eziyi-17. Ukumiswa kwe-Oseltamivir okulungiselelwe ngusokhemisi kungagcinwa ekamelweni lokushisa kuze kube yizinsuku ezi-5 noma esiqandisini izinsuku ezingama-35. Ungafaki ukumiswa kwe-oseltamivir.

Kubalulekile ukugcina yonke imishanguzo ingabonakali futhi ifinyeleleke ezinganeni njengoba iziqukathi eziningi (njengezingqondo zamaphilisi zamasonto onke kanye nalawo amaconsi wamehlo, okhilimu, amabala, kanye nama-inhalers) azimeleki ezinganeni futhi izingane ezincane zingazivula kalula. Ukuvikela izingane ezisencane ekufakeni ubuthi, hlala uvala amakepisi okuphepha bese ubeka umuthi endaweni ephephile - eyodwa ephezulu futhi engekho futhi engabonakali kubo futhi efinyelela kuyo. http://www.upandaway.org

Imithi engadingeki kufanele ilahlwe ngezindlela ezikhethekile zokuqinisekisa ukuthi izilwane ezifuywayo, izingane nabanye abantu abakwazi ukuzidla. Kodwa-ke, akufanele ukhiphe le mithi ethoyilethi. Esikhundleni salokho, indlela engcono kakhulu yokulahla imithi yakho ngohlelo lokubuyisa umuthi. Khuluma nosokhemisi wakho noma uthinte umnyango wangakini wokulahla udoti / wokusebenzisa kabusha ukuze ufunde ngezinhlelo zokubuyisa emphakathini wakho. Bheka iwebhusayithi yakwa-FDA's Safe Disposal of Medicines (http://goo.gl/c4Rm4p) ukuthola eminye imininingwane uma ungakwazi ukufinyelela kuhlelo lokubuyisa.

Uma kwenzeka ukweqisa ngokweqile, shayela ucingo losizo lokulawula ubuthi ku-1-800-222-1222. Imininingwane iyatholakala online ku-https: //www.poisonhelp.org/help. Uma isisulu siwile, saba nokuquleka, sinenkinga yokuphefumula, noma singakwazi ukuvuswa, shayela ngokushesha abezimo eziphuthumayo ku-911.

Izimpawu zokudlula ngokweqile zingafaka:

• isicanucanu
• ukuhlanza

I-Oseltamivir ngeke ikuvimbe ekunikeni abanye umkhuhlane. Kufanele ugeze izandla njalo, futhi ugweme imikhuba efana nokwabelana ngezinkomishi nezitsha ezingasabalalisa igciwane kwabanye.

Ungavumeli omunye umuntu ukuthi athathe imithi yakho. Isidakamizwa sakho kungenzeka ukuthi asigcwaliseki. Uma usenezimpawu zomkhuhlane ngemuva kokuqeda ukuthatha i-oseltamivir, shayela udokotela wakho.

Kubalulekile ukuthi ugcine uhlu olubhaliwe lwayo yonke imishanguzo oyisebenzisayo kadokotela kanye nokungabhaliswanga (ngaphezulu kokuthenga), kanye nanoma yimiphi imikhiqizo efana namavithamini, amaminerali, noma ezinye izithako zokudla. Kufanele uze nalolu hlu njalo uma uvakashela udokotela noma uma ungeniswa esibhedlela. Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi nemininingwane ebalulekile ukuthi uphathe uma kwenzeka kunezimo eziphuthumayo.

• UTamiflu^®