Ukuphazamiseka Kopha

-Delile

• Kuyini ukuphazamiseka kokopha?
• Yini ebangela ukuphazamiseka kokopha?
• Izinhlobo zokuphazamiseka kokopha
• Ziyini izimpawu zesifo sokopha?
• Kutholakala kanjani ukuphazamiseka kokopha?
• Zelashwa kanjani izifo zokopha?
• Ukwengeza insimbi
• Ukumpontshelwa igazi
• Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha
• Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona zokuphazamiseka kokopha?

Kuyini ukuphazamiseka kokopha?

Isifo sokopha yisimo esithinta indlela igazi lakho elihlala ligoqeke ngayo. Inqubo yokujiya kwegazi, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-coagulation, iguqula igazi lisuke kuketshezi liye ekubeni eliqinile. Lapho ulimele, igazi lakho ngokujwayelekile liqala ukujiya ukuvimbela ukulahleka okukhulu kwegazi. Kwesinye isikhathi, izimo ezithile zivimbela igazi ekunqandeni kahle, okungaholela ekopha kakhulu noma isikhathi eside.

Izinkinga zokopha zingadala ukopha okungavamile ngaphandle nangaphakathi emzimbeni. Ezinye izinkinga zingakhuphula kakhulu inani legazi elishiya umzimba wakho. Ezinye zenza ukopha kwenzeke ngaphansi kwesikhumba noma ezithweni ezibalulekile, njengobuchopho.

Yini ebangela ukuphazamiseka kokopha?

Izinkinga zokopha zivame ukukhula lapho igazi lingakwazi ukuvaleka kahle. Ukuze igazi limboze, umzimba wakho udinga amaprotheni egazi abizwa ngokuthi ama-clotting factor namaseli egazi abizwa ngama-platelets. Ngokuvamile, amaplatelet ahlangana ndawonye akhe ipulagi endaweni yomthambo wegazi owonakele noma olimele. Izici ezijiyisayo bese ziyahlangana zenze i-fibrin clot. Lokhu kugcina amaplatelet asendaweni futhi kuvimbela igazi ukuba lingaphumi emthanjeni wegazi.

Kubantu abanezinkinga zokopha, noma kunjalo, izinto ezijiyisayo noma ama-platelets akusebenzi ngendlela okufanele noma kuyashoda ngayo. Lapho igazi lingagundi, ukuphuma ngokweqile noma isikhathi eside kungenzeka. Kungaholela nasekuphaleni okuzenzakalelayo noma okungazelelwe emisipheni, emajoyintini, noma kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Iningi lokuphazamiseka kokopha kuzuzwe njengefa, okusho ukuthi kudluliselwa kusuka kumzali kuya enganeni yakhe. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinkinga zingakhula ngenxa yezinye izimo zezokwelapha, njengesifo sesibindi.

Izinkinga zokopha nazo zingabangelwa:

• ukubalwa kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu aphansi
• ukushoda kukavithamini K
• imiphumela emibi evela emithini ethile

Imithi engaphazamisa ukuvaleka kwegazi ibizwa ngama-anticoagulants.

Izinhlobo zokuphazamiseka kokopha

Izinkinga zokopha zingazuzwa njengefa noma zitholwe. Ukuphazamiseka okuzuzwe njengefa kudluliselwa ngofuzo. Izinkinga ezitholakalayo zingakhula noma zenzeke ngokuzenzekelayo kamuva empilweni. Ezinye izifo zokopha zingabangela ukopha okukhulu kulandela ingozi noma ukulimala. Kokunye ukuphazamiseka, ukopha kakhulu kungenzeka ngokuzumayo futhi ngaphandle kwesizathu.

Kunezinkinga eziningi zokopha, kepha okulandelayo yikhona okuvame kakhulu:

• I-Hemophilia A no-B yizimo ezenzeka lapho kunezinga eliphansi lezinto ezijiyisayo egazini lakho. Kubanga ukopha okusindayo noma okungajwayelekile emalungeni. Yize i-hemophilia ingavamile, ingaba nezinkinga ezisongela impilo.
• Ukushoda kwe-Factor II, V, VII, X, noma XII yizinkinga zokopha ezihlobene nezinkinga zokuvala igazi noma izinkinga zokopha okungavamile.
• Isifo sikaVon Willebrand yisona sifo esivame kakhulu ukopha esizuzwe njengefa. Iyakhula lapho igazi lingenayo i-von Willebrand factor, esiza igazi ukuba limile.

Ziyini izimpawu zesifo sokopha?

Izimpawu zingahluka ngokuya ngohlobo oluthile lokuphazamiseka kwegazi. Noma kunjalo, izimpawu eziyinhloko zifaka:

• ukulinyazwa okungaqondakali futhi okulula
• ukuphuma kwegazi okunzima
• ukopha kaningi
• ukopha ngokweqile ngokusikeka okuncane noma ukulimala
• ukopha emalungeni

Hlela i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma unesinye noma eziningi zalezi zimpawu. Udokotela wakho angakwazi ukuxilonga isimo sakho futhi akusize ukuvimbela izinkinga ezihambisana nokuphazamiseka kwegazi okuthile.

Kutholakala kanjani ukuphazamiseka kokopha?

Ukuthola isifo sokopha, udokotela wakho uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho nomlando wezokwelapha. Bazophinde futhi benze ukuhlolwa komzimba. Ngesikhathi sokuqokwa kwakho, qiniseka ukusho:

• noma yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha onazo njengamanje
• noma imiphi imithi noma izithasiselo ongahle uziphuze
• noma yikuphi ukuwa kwakamuva noma ukuhlukumezeka
• ukopha kangaki
• ukuphuma kwegazi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani
• obukwenza ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukopha

Ngemuva kokuqoqa lolu lwazi, udokotela wakho uzoqhuba ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze enze ukuxilongwa okufanele. Lezi zivivinyo zingafaka:

• isibalo segazi esiphelele (CBC), esikala inani lamaseli abomvu namhlophe emzimbeni wakho
• ukuhlolwa kweplatelet aggregation, okubheka ukuthi amaplatelet akho ahlangana kanjani
• ukuhlolwa kwesikhathi sokopha, okunquma ukuthi igazi lakho liyaqina kanjani ngokushesha ukuvimbela ukuphuma kwegazi

Zelashwa kanjani izifo zokopha?

Izinketho zokwelashwa ziyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo lwesifo segazi nobukhulu baso. Yize ukwelashwa kungakwazi ukwelapha ukuphazamiseka kokopha, kungasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu ezihambisana nokuphazamiseka okuthile.

Ukwengeza insimbi

Udokotela wakho angakunika izithasiselo zensimbi ukugcwalisa inani lensimbi emzimbeni wakho uma ulahlekelwe kakhulu yigazi. Izinga eliphansi lensimbi lingaholela ekushoneni kwe-iron anemia. Lesi simo singenza uzizwe ubuthakathaka, ukhathele futhi udiyazela. Ungadinga ukumpontshelwa igazi uma izimpawu zingathuthuki nge-supplementation yensimbi.

Ukumpontshelwa igazi

Ukumpontshelwa igazi kushintsha noma yiliphi igazi elilahlekile kufakwe igazi elithathwe kumnikeli. Igazi lomnikeli kufanele lifane nohlobo lwegazi lakho ukuvikela izinkinga. Le nqubo ingenziwa kuphela esibhedlela.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha

Ezinye izinkinga zokopha zingaphathwa ngemikhiqizo ewuchungechunge noma izifutho zamakhala. Ezinye izinkinga, kufaka phakathi i-hemophilia, zingelashwa nge-factor replacement therapy. Lokhu kubandakanya ukufaka umjovo we-clotting factor kugxila egazini lakho. Le mijovo ingavimbela noma ilawule ukopha ngokweqile.

Ungathola nokumpontshelwa igazi okubandayo kwe-plasma uma ungenazo izinto ezithile zokuvala igazi. I-plasma efriziwe entsha iqukethe ama-V no-VIII, okungamaprotheni amabili abalulekile asiza ekunqandeni igazi. Lokhu kufakwa kufanele kwenziwe esibhedlela.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona zokuphazamiseka kokopha?

Izinkinga eziningi ezihambisana nokuphazamiseka kokopha zingavinjelwa noma zilawulwe ngokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuthola ukwelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu. Izinkinga zivame ukwenzeka lapho ukuphazamiseka kokopha kulashwa sekwephuze kakhulu.

Izinkinga ezivamile zokuphazamiseka kwegazi zifaka:

• ukopha emathunjini
• ukopha ebuchosheni
• ukopha emalungeni
• ubuhlungu obuhlangene

Kungaphakama nezinkinga uma lesi sifo sinzima noma sidala ukulahleka kwegazi ngokweqile.

Ukuphazamiseka kokopha kungaba yingozi ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane, ikakhulukazi uma bengelashwa ngokushesha. Izinkinga zokopha ezingalashwa zandisa ingozi yokopha ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokubeletha, ukukhipha isisu noma ukukhipha isisu. Abesifazane abanezinkinga zokopha bangathola ukopha okunzima kakhulu kokuya esikhathini. Lokhu kungaholela ekushoneni kwegazi, isimo esenzeka lapho umzimba wakho ungakhiqizi amaseli abomvu egazi okwanele ukuthwala i-oxygen ezicutshini zakho. I-anemia ingadala ubuthakathaka, ukuphefumula okuncane, nesiyezi.

Uma owesifazane ene-endometriosis angaba nokulahleka kwegazi okunzima angakuboni ngoba kufihlwe endaweni yesisu noma yezitho zangasese.

Kubalulekile ukubiza udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma unezimpawu zokuphazamiseka kokopha. Ukuthola ukwelashwa ngokushesha kuzosiza ukuvimbela noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona.