Uyini Umbono weCannon-Bard Wemizwelo?

-Delile

• Izibonelo zeCannon-Bard
• Inhlolokhono yomsebenzi
• Ukuthuthela ekhaya elisha
• Isehlukaniso sabazali
• Eminye imibono yomzwelo
• UJames-Lange
• USchachter-Singer
• Ukugxekwa kombono
• Ukuthatha

Kuyini lokhu?

Umbono weCannon-Bard womzwelo uthi imicimbi evuselelayo idala imizwa nokuphendula komzimba okwenzeka ngasikhathi sinye.

Isibonelo, ukubona inyoka kungashukumisa umuzwa wokwesaba (impendulo engokomzwelo) kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo okugijimayo (ukusabela ngokomzimba). UCannon-Bard uphakamisa ukuthi zombili lezi zindlela zenzeka ngasikhathi sinye futhi ngokuzimela. Ngamanye amagama, ukusabela ngokomzimba akuxhomekile ekuphenduleni okungokomzwelo, futhi okuphambene nalokho.

UCannon-Bard uphakamisa ukuthi zombili lezi zindlela zokuphendula zivela ngasikhathi sinye ku-thalamus. Lesi isakhiwo esincane sobuchopho esibhekele ukuthola imininingwane yezinzwa. Idlulisela endaweni efanele yobuchopho ukuze icubungulwe.

Lapho kwenzeka umcimbi odonsayo, i-thalamus ingathumela amasiginali ku-amygdala. I-amygdala ibhekele ukucubungula imizwa enamandla, njengokwesaba, injabulo, noma intukuthelo. Ingase futhi ithumele amasiginali ku-cerebral cortex, elawula ukucabanga okungazi. Izimpawu ezithunyelwa zisuka ku-thalamus ziye ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluzimele kanye nemisipha yamathambo ilawula ukusabela komzimba. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukujuluka, ukuqhaqhazela, noma imisipha eshubile. Kwesinye isikhathi inkolelo-mbono yeCannon-Bard ibizwa ngokuthi yi-thalamic theory of emotion.

Umbono wasungulwa ngo-1927 nguWalter B. Cannon kanye nomfundi wakhe owathweswa iziqu, uPhilip Bard. Yasungulwa njengenye indlela yombono kaJames-Lange womzwelo. Lo mbono uthi imizwa ingumphumela wokuthinteka komzimba esenzakalweni esikhuthazayo.

Funda ukuze uthole kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ithiyori yeCannon-Bard isebenza kanjani ezimweni zansuku zonke.

Izibonelo zeCannon-Bard

ICannon-Bard ingasetshenziswa kunoma imuphi umcimbi noma isipiliyoni esidala ukusabela okungokomzwelo. Umzwelo ungaba omuhle noma omubi. Izimo ezichazwe ngezansi zibonisa ukuthi le mbono isetshenziswa kanjani ezimeni zangempela zempilo. Kuzo zonke lezi zimo, inkolelo-mbono yeCannon-Bard ithi ukusabela ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo kwenzeka ngasikhathi sinye, kunokuba kubangelwe okunye.

Inhlolokhono yomsebenzi

Abantu abaningi bathola izingxoxo zomsebenzi zicindezela. Cabanga ukuthi uzoba nengxoxo nomsebenzi kusasa ekuseni ngesikhundla osifunayo ngempela. Ukucabanga ngenhlolokhono kungakushiya uzizwa uthukile noma ukhathazekile. Ungase futhi uzwe ukuzwa ngokomzimba njengokuthuthumela, imisipha eshubile, noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ikakhulukazi njengoba kusondela ingxoxo.

Ukuthuthela ekhaya elisha

Kubantu abaningi, ukuthuthela ekhaya elisha kuwumthombo wenjabulo nenjabulo. Cabanga ukuthi usanda kuthuthela ekhaya elisha nomlingani wakho noma oshade naye. Ikhaya lakho elisha likhulu kunendlu obuhlala kuyo phambilini. Inesikhala esanele sezingane onethemba lokuba nazo ndawonye. Njengoba ukhipha amabhokisi, uzizwa ujabulile. Izinyembezi zigcwele emehlweni akho. Isifuba sakho siqinile, futhi cishe kunzima ukuphefumula.

Isehlukaniso sabazali

Izingane nazo zihlangabezana nemiphumela engokomzimba nengokomzwelo ekuphenduleni imicimbi ebalulekile. Isibonelo ukwehlukaniswa noma ukuhlukaniswa kwabazali babo. Cabanga ukuthi uneminyaka engu-8 ubudala. Abazali bakho bakutshele nje ukuthi bayahlukana futhi mhlawumbe bazothola isehlukaniso. Uzizwa udabukile futhi uthukuthele. Isisu sakho sicasukile. Ucabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi uyagula.

Eminye imibono yomzwelo

UJames-Lange

I-Cannon-Bard yasungulwa ngokuphendula inkolelo kaJames-Lange. Yethulwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19 futhi yaqhubeka ithandwa kusukela ngaleso sikhathi.

Umbono kaJames-Lange uthi izehlakalo ezikhuthazayo zidala ukusabela ngokomzimba. Ukusabela ngokomzimba kubhalwe ngomzwelo ohambisanayo. Isibonelo, uma uhlangabezana nenyoka, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho liyakhuphuka. Umbono kaJames-Lange uphakamisa ukuthi ukwanda kwesilinganiso senhliziyo yikho okwenza sibone ukuthi siyesaba.

UCannon noBard baletha ukugxekwa okubalulekile ngombono kaJames-Lange. Okokuqala, imizwa engokomzimba nemizwelo ayixhumeki njalo. Singathola ukuzwa ngokomzimba ngaphandle kokuzwa imizwa ethile, futhi ngokufanayo.

Ngempela, bathole ukuthi ukuzivocavoca nokujova kwamahomoni acindezelekile, njenge-adrenaline, kubangela ukuzwa komzimba okungaxhunyiwe kumzwelo othile.

Okunye ukugxekwa kombono kaJames-Lange ukuthi ukusabela ngokomzimba akunamzwelo owodwa ohambisanayo. Isibonelo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kungakhombisa ukwesaba, injabulo, noma intukuthelo. Imizwelo yehlukile, kepha impendulo ebonakalayo iyafana.

USchachter-Singer

Umbono wakamuva womzwelo uhlanganisa izinto zombili imibono kaJames-Lange neCannon-Bard.

Umbono weSchachter-Singer womzwelo uphakamisa ukuthi ukusabela komzimba kwenzeka kuqala, kepha kungafana nemizwa ehlukile. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi umbono wezinto ezimbili. NjengoJames-Lange, lo mbono uphakamisa ukuthi ukuzwa ngokomzimba kufanele kutholakale ngaphambi kokuthi kubonakale njengomzwelo othile.

Ukugxekwa kombono weSchachter-Singer kusikisela ukuthi singathola imizwa ngaphambi kokubona ukuthi sicabanga ngayo. Isibonelo, lapho ubona inyoka, ungahle ugijime ungacabangi ukuthi umuzwa obhekene nawo ukwesaba.

Ukugxekwa kombono

Okunye ukugxeka okuvelele komqondo kaCannon-Bard ukuthi kuthatha ukuthi ukusabela ngokomzimba akuthinti imizwa. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo olukhulu ngesimo sobuso nemizwa lusikisela okunye. Ucwaningo oluningi lukhombisile ukuthi ababambiqhaza abacelwa ukuthi benze ubuso obuthile kungenzeka babhekane nempendulo engokomzwelo exhunywe kuleyo nkulumo.

Okunye ukugxekwa okuphawulekayo kuthi uCannon noBard bagcizelele kakhulu indima ye-thalamus ezinkambisweni zomzwelo futhi bagcizelela indima yezinye izinhlaka zobuchopho.

Ukuthatha

Umbono weCannon-Bard womzwelo uphakamisa ukuthi ukusabela ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo ezintweni ezikhona kutholwa ngokuzimela futhi ngasikhathi sinye.

Ukucwaninga ngezinqubo ezingokomzwelo ebuchosheni kuyaqhubeka, futhi imibono iyaqhubeka nokuvela. Lokhu kwakungomunye wemibono yokuqala yomzwelo yokuthatha indlela ye-neurobiological.

Manje njengoba usuyazi inkolelo-mbono yeCannon-Bard, ungayisebenzisa ukuqonda ukuphendula okungokwakho nokwabanye.