Ukwelashwa Okungeziwe Kwe-COPD: Imibuzo Yodokotela Wakho

-Delile

• Kuyini ukwelashwa okungeziwe?
• 1. Isengezo se-inhaler
• 2. Imithi yomlomo
• 3. Imithi elwa namagciwane
• 4. Ukwelashwa kwe-oxygen
• 5. Ukuvuselelwa kwamaphaphu
• 6. I-Mucus izacile
• 7. I-Nebulizer
• Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engaba khona yokwelashwa okungeziwe?
• Zisebenza kangakanani izindlela zokwelapha ezengezwayo?
• Ukudla okudlela endlini

Ukuba nesifo samaphaphu esingapheliyo (COPD) kungenza kube nzima ukuphefumula. Ungahle uhlangane nokushaywa, ukukhwehlela, ukuqina kwesifuba, nezinye izimpawu ezithinta impilo yakho yansuku zonke.

Ngenkathi lungekho ikhambi le-COPD, ukuthola imishanguzo nokwenza ukulungisa okulungile kwendlela yokuphila kungakusiza ukuphatha izimpawu zakho futhi ujabulele impilo enhle.

Uma uthola ukuthi une-COPD emnene, ukuyeka ugwayi uma ubhema nokugwema intuthu kagwayi kunganela ukulawula izimpawu zakho. Nge-COPD elinganiselayo noma enzima, udokotela wakho cishe uzokunika umuthi wokuphumuza imisipha ezungeze indlela yakho yomoya futhi uthuthukise ukuphefumula kwakho.

Ama-bronchodilators kwesinye isikhathi ayindlela yokuqala yokuzivikela yokwenza ngcono ukukhwehlela okungapheli nokuphefumula okuncane. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ama-bronchodilator asebenza okwesikhashana njenge-albuterol (ProAir) nelevalbuterol (Xopenex HFA). Lokhu kuthathwa kuphela njengendlela yokuvimbela nangaphambi kokusebenza.

Ama-bronchodilator asebenza isikhathi eside okusetshenziswa nsuku zonke afaka i-tiotropium (Spiriva), i-salmeterol (iSerevent Diskus), ne-formoterol (Foradil). Amanye alawa ma-bronchodilator angahlanganiswa ne-corticosteroid ehogelwayo.

La ma-inhaler aletha imithi ngqo emaphashini. Ziyasebenza, kepha kuya ngobukhulu be-COPD yakho, i-bronchodilator ingahle inganeli ukulawula izimpawu zakho. Ungadinga ukwelashwa okungeziwe ukuze uthuthukise ukuphefumula kwakho.

Kuyini ukwelashwa okungeziwe?

Ukwelashwa okungeziwe kwe-COPD kubhekisa kunoma yikuphi ukwelashwa okungezwe kowakho wamanje.

I-COPD ithinta abantu ngokuhlukile. Umuthi osebenzela umuntu othile ungahle ungasebenzi komunye. Abanye abantu banemiphumela emihle kakhulu nge-bronchodilator inhaler kuphela. Abanye badinga ukwelashwa okwengeziwe.

Uma i-COPD yakho iba yimbi futhi ungakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi elula ngaphandle kokubhekana nokuphefumula okuncane noma ukukhwehlela, ukwelashwa okungeziwe kungasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu zakho.

Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kweyodwa zokwelashwa okungeziwe kwe-COPD. Udokotela wakho angancoma ukwelashwa okwengeziwe ngokuya ngobukhulu bezimpawu zakho.

1. Isengezo se-inhaler

Udokotela wakho angakunikeza enye i-inhaler ongayithatha ne-bronchodilator yakho. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-steroid emuncwe ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala ezindleleni zakho zomoya. Ungasebenzisa i-inhaler ehlukile ye-steroid, noma inhlanganisela enemithi ye-bronchodilator ne-steroid. Esikhundleni sokusebenzisa ama-inhalers amabili, kufanele usebenzise eyodwa kuphela.

2. Imithi yomlomo

I-steroids engatholakali inconywa kubantu ababhekana nokukhula okuvamile kwe-COPD. Uma une-flares acute, udokotela wakho angakunikeza i-steroid yomlomo izinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisikhombisa.

Ama-Oral steroids nawo anciphisa ukuvuvukala komoya. Lokhu akunconyelwe ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside, kunikezwe inani lemiphumela emibi engaba khona.

Olunye ukwelashwa okungeziwe ongakuthatha nge-bronchodilator yi-oral phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor (PDE4). Lo muthi ubuye usize ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala komoya.

Ungathatha futhi i-theophylline ukukhulula imisipha ezungeze izindiza zomoya. Lolu uhlobo lwe-bronchodilator olusetshenziswa njenge-add-on therapy ye-COPD engalawulwa kahle. Kwesinye isikhathi kuhlanganiswa ne-bronchodilator esebenza okwesikhashana.

3. Imithi elwa namagciwane

Ukuthuthukisa ukutheleleka okuphefumula njenge-bronchitis, i-pneumonia, noma umkhuhlane kungenza izimpawu ze-COPD zibe zimbi kakhulu.

Uma ukhuphuke ukushaya, ukukhwehlela, ukuqina kwesifuba, nezimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane, bheka udokotela. Ungadinga i-antibiotic yokwelapha ukutheleleka futhi ukhulule izimpawu zakho ze-COPD.

4. Ukwelashwa kwe-oxygen

I-COPD enamandla ingadinga i-oxygen eyengeziwe ukuletha umoya-mpilo owengeziwe emaphashini akho. Lokhu kungenza kube lula ukuqeda imisebenzi yansuku zonke ngaphandle kokubhekana nokuphefumula.

5. Ukuvuselelwa kwamaphaphu

Uma uthola ukuphefumula okuncane ngemuva kokuzivocavoca, ukukhuphuka izitebhisi, noma ukuzikhandla, ungahlomula ngokulungiswa kwamaphaphu. Lolu hlobo lohlelo lokuvuselelwa lufundisa izindlela zokuzivocavoca nezokuphefumula eziqinisa amaphaphu akho futhi zinciphise ukuphefumula.

6. I-Mucus izacile

I-COPD nayo ingakhuphula ukukhiqizwa kwe-mucus. Ukuphuza amanzi nokusebenzisa i-humidifier kunganciphisa noma kukhulule amafinyila. Uma lokhu kungakusizi, buza udokotela wakho ngamaphilisi e-mucolytic.

Amathebulethi e-Mucolytic aklanyelwe ukuba amafinyila amancane, okwenza kube lula ukuwakhwehlela. Imiphumela emibi ye-mucus thinners ifaka phakathi umphimbo obuhlungu nokukhwehlela okwandayo.

7. I-Nebulizer

Ungadinga i-nebulizer ye-COPD enzima. Lokhu kwelashwa kuguqula umuthi owuketshezi ube yinkungu. Uzodonsa inkungu ngesifonyo sobuso. Ama-Nebulizers aletha imishanguzo ngqo endaweni yakho yokuphefumula.

Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engaba khona yokwelashwa okungeziwe?

Ngaphambi kokukhetha i-add-on therapy ye-COPD, qiniseka ukuthi uyayiqonda imiphumela emibi engaba khona yohlelo oluthile lokwelashwa. Eminye imnene futhi iyancipha njengoba umzimba wakho uvumelana nomuthi.

Imiphumela emibi engaba khona ye-steroids ifaka ingozi enkulu yokutheleleka nokulimala. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-steroid yesikhathi eside nakho kungadala ukuzuza kwesisindo, i-cataract, kanye nengozi eyengeziwe ye-osteoporosis.

Imithi yomlomo efana ne-PDE4 inhibitors ingadala isifo sohudo kanye nokwehla kwesisindo. Imiphumela emibi ye-theophylline ingabandakanya isicanucanu, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ukuthuthumela, nekhanda.

Zisebenza kangakanani izindlela zokwelapha ezengezwayo?

Inhloso yokwelashwa okungeziwe kwe-COPD ukuphatha ukukhushulwa. Kunganciphisa nokuqhubeka kwesifo.

Abantu basabela ngendlela ehlukile ekwelashweni. Uzosebenza eduze nodokotela wakho ukuthola ukwelashwa okungeziwe okungcono ukulawula izimpawu zakho. Udokotela wakho angalawula ukuhlolwa komsebenzi wamaphaphu ukuze ahlole ukuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kahle kangakanani, bese uncoma ukwelashwa okungeziwe okususelwa kule miphumela.

Noma lingekho ikhambi le-COPD, ukwelashwa kungasiza abantu abanalesi simo ukuba baphile impilo ejabulisayo negcwele.

Ukudla okudlela endlini

Uma izimpawu zakho ze-COPD zingazange zithuthuke ngokwelashwa kwakho kwamanje, noma ziyanda, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Ukwelashwa okungeziwe okwenziwe nge-bronchodilator kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kwamaphaphu, kukuvumela ukuthi uphile ngaphandle kokushaywa umoya okuqhubekayo, ukukhwehlela noma ukuphefumula.