Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-ADHD ne-ADD?

-Delile

• Izinhlobo ze-ADHD
• Ukunaka
• Ukungasebenzi kahle nokungafisi
• Ezinye izimpawu
• I-ADHD yabantu abadala
• Ubunzima
• Ukudla okudlela endlini
• I-Q & A.
• Q:
• A:

Ukubuka konke

Ukunakwa kokushoda kokungasebenzi kahle (ADHD) ngesinye sezifo ezivame kakhulu ezinganeni. I-ADHD yigama elibanzi, futhi isimo singahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Zibalelwa ku-6.4 million izingane ezitholakele e-United States, ngokusho kwe-.

Lesi simo kwesinye isikhathi sibizwa ngokuthi yi-attention deficit disorder (ADD), kepha leli yisikhathi esidlulelwe yisikhathi. Leli gama lake lasetshenziswa ukubhekisa kumuntu obenenkinga yokugxila kepha ebengasebenzi ngokweqile. I-American Psychiatric Association yakhipha iDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) ngoMeyi 2013. I-DSM-5 yashintsha izindlela zokuxilonga umuntu one-ADHD.

Qhubeka ufunde ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo nezimpawu ze-ADHD.

Izinhlobo ze-ADHD

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ze-ADHD:

1. Ukunganaki

I-ADHD enganakile yilokho okuvame ukushiwo lapho othile esebenzisa igama elithi ADD. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umuntu ukhombisa izimpawu ezanele zokunganaki (noma ukuphazanyiswa kalula) kepha akacindezeli noma akaxhamazeli.

2.Ukusebenza ngokweqile / ukungacabangi

Lolu hlobo lwenzeka lapho umuntu enezimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle nokungafisi kodwa enganaki.

3. Kuhlanganisiwe

I-ADHD ehlanganisiwe yilapho umuntu enezimpawu zokunganakwa, ukungasebenzi kahle, nokungafisi.

Ukunaka

Ukunganaki, noma inkinga yokugxila, uphawu olulodwa lwe-ADHD. Udokotela angahlola ukuthi ingane ayinaki uma ingane:

• kuphazamiseka kalula
• uyakhohlwa, ngisho nasemisebenzini yansuku zonke
• akakwazi ukunaka kakhulu imininingwane yomsebenzi wesikole noma eminye imisebenzi futhi wenza amaphutha anganaki
• unenkinga yokugcina imisebenzi noma imisebenzi ethile
• usishaya indiva isipikha, noma ngabe sikhulunywa ngqo
• ayilandeli imiyalo
• ehluleka ukuqeda umsebenzi wesikole noma imisebenzi yasekhaya
• ilahlekelwa ukugxila noma ilandelwa kalula eceleni
• unenkinga ngokuhleleka
• ayithandi futhi igwema imisebenzi edinga isikhathi eside somzamo wengqondo, njengomsebenzi wesikole
• ilahlekelwa izinto ezibalulekile ezidingekayo kwimisebenzi nemisebenzi

Ukungasebenzi kahle nokungafisi

Udokotela angahlola ukuthi ingane ayisebenzi kahle noma inamawala uma ingane:

• Kubonakala sengathi ihlala isendleleni
• ukhuluma ngokweqile
• unenkinga enkulu yokulinda ithuba labo
• bagxuma esihlalweni sabo, bashaya izandla noma izinyawo, noma ama-fidgets
• isukuma esihlalweni lapho kulindeleke ukuthi ihlale phansi
• igijima izungeze noma ikhuphuke ezimweni ezingafanele
• akakwazi ukudlala buthule noma ahlanganyele emisebenzini yokuzilibazisa
• uqhuma impendulo ngaphambi kokuba othile aqede ukubuza umbuzo
• ungenela futhi uphazamisa abanye njalo

Ezinye izimpawu

Ukunganaki, ukungasebenzi kahle, nokungafisi izimpawu ezibalulekile zokuxilongwa kwe-ADHD. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingane noma umuntu omdala kufanele ahlangabezane nalezi zindlela ezilandelayo zokutholakala ene-ADHD:

• ibonisa izimpawu eziningana ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-12
• inezimpawu ezimeni ezingaphezu kwesisodwa, njengesikole, ekhaya, nabangani, noma phakathi neminye imisebenzi
• kukhombisa ubufakazi obucacile bokuthi lezi zimpawu ziphazamisa ukusebenza kwazo esikoleni, emsebenzini, noma ezimweni zomphakathi
• inezimpawu ezingachazwa ngesinye isimo, njengokuphazamiseka kwemizwelo noma ukukhathazeka

I-ADHD yabantu abadala

Abantu abadala abane-ADHD babejwayele ukuba nalesi sifo kusukela ebuntwaneni, kepha kungenzeka kungatholakali kuze kube sekugcineni empilweni. Ukuhlolwa kuvame ukwenzeka lapho ontanga, ilunga lomndeni, noma osebenza naye ebona izinkinga emsebenzini noma ebudlelwaneni.

Abantu abadala bangaba nanoma yimaphi ama-subtypes amathathu we-ADHD. Izimpawu ze-ADHD yabantu abadala zingahluka kwezalezo zezingane ngenxa yokuvuthwa kwabantu abadala, kanye nokwehluka ngokomzimba phakathi kwabantu abadala nezingane.

Ubunzima

Izimpawu ze-ADHD zingahluka ukusuka kokumnene kuya kokubi, ngokuya ngomzimba womuntu ohlukile nemvelo.Abanye abantu abanaki noma abanamdlandla uma benza umsebenzi abangawuthandi, kepha banamandla okugxila emisebenzini abayithandayo. Abanye bangathola izimpawu ezinzima kakhulu. Lokhu kungathinta izimo zesikole, umsebenzi, nezenhlalo.

Izimpawu zivame ukuba nzima kakhulu ezimweni zeqembu ezingahlelekile kunezimo ezihlelekile ezinemivuzo. Isibonelo, inkundla yokudlala iyisimo seqembu esingahlelekile ngokwengeziwe. Igumbi lokufundela lingamela indawo ehlelekile nemiklomelo.

Ezinye izimo, njengokucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, noma ukukhubazeka kokufunda kungazenza zibe zimbi izimpawu.

Abanye abantu babika ukuthi izimpawu zihamba nobudala. Umuntu omdala one-ADHD owayekhuthele kakhulu esemncane angathola ukuthi manje sebekwazi ukuhlala phansi noma ukunqanda ukungenwa okuthile.

Ukudla okudlela endlini

Ukunquma uhlobo lwe-ADHD kukubeka esinyathelweni esisodwa ekutholeni ukwelashwa okulungile. Qiniseka ukuthi uxoxa nazo zonke izimpawu zakho nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okunembile.

I-Q & A.

Q:

Ngabe ingane "ingaphuma" i-ADHD noma izoqhubeka iye ebudaleni uma iyekwa ingalashwa?

Isiguli esingaziwa

A:

Ukucabanga kwamanje kuphakamisa ukuthi njengoba ingane ikhula, i-prefrontal cortex iyakhula futhi ikhule futhi. Lokhu kunciphisa izimpawu. Kuphakanyisiwe ukuthi cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zabantu ayisenazo izimpawu ze-ADHD ngesikhathi sokukhula. Abanye bangaqhubeka nokuba nezimpawu, kepha lezi zingase zibe mncane kunalezo eziphawulwe ebuntwaneni nasebusheni.

UTimothy J. Legg, PhD, Izimpendulo zeCRN zimelela imibono yochwepheshe bethu bezokwelapha. Konke okuqukethwe kunolwazi oluqinile futhi akufanele kuthathwe njengezeluleko zezokwelapha.