I-Endocarditis

-Delile

• Ziyini izimpawu ze-endocarditis?
• Ziyini izimbangela ze-endocarditis?
• Izici zobungozi be-endocarditis
• I-endocarditis itholakala kanjani?
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
• I-echocardiogram yeTransthoracic
• I-echocardiogram ye-Transesophageal
• I-Electrocardiogram
• I-X-ray yesifuba
• Yelashwa kanjani i-endocarditis?
• Imithi elwa namagciwane
• Ukuhlinzwa
• Yiziphi izinkinga ezihambisana ne-endocarditis?
• Ingavinjelwa kanjani i-endocarditis?

Yini i-endocarditis?

I-Endocarditis ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi lwangaphakathi lwenhliziyo yakho, olubizwa nge-endocardium. Ngokuvamile kubangelwa amagciwane. Lapho ukuvuvukala kubangelwa ukutheleleka, lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi yi-infective endocarditis. I-Endocarditis ayivamile kubantu abanezinhliziyo ezinempilo.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-endocarditis?

Izimpawu ze-endocarditis azihlali zibucayi njalo, futhi zingakhula kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ezigabeni zokuqala ze-endocarditis, izimpawu ziyafana nezinye izifo eziningi. Yingakho amacala amaningi engatholakali.

Izimpawu eziningi ziyefana nezimo zomkhuhlane noma ezinye izifo, njenge-pneumonia. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu baba nezimpawu ezinzima ezivele ngokuzumayo. Lezi zimpawu kungenzeka ukuthi zibangelwa ukuvuvukala noma umonakalo ohambisana nawo odala lokho.

Izimpawu ezivamile ze-endocarditis zifaka:

• ukububula kwenhliziyo, okuwumsindo wenhliziyo ongajwayelekile wokugobhoza kwegazi okunqamula enhliziyweni
• isikhumba esiphaphathekile
• umkhuhlane noma amakhaza
• ukujuluka ebusuku
• ubuhlungu bemisipha noma bamalunga
• isicanucanu noma ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla
• umuzwa ogcwele engxenyeni engenhla kwesobunxele yesisu sakho
• ukuncipha kwesisindo ngokungenhloso
• ukuvuvukala izinyawo, imilenze, noma isisu
• ukukhwehlela noma ukuphelelwa umoya

Izimpawu ezingavamile kakhulu ze-endocarditis zifaka:

• igazi emchameni wakho
• ukuncipha komzimba
• ubende obukhulisiwe, obungahle buthambekele ekuthinteni

Izinguquko esikhunjeni nazo zingenzeka, kufaka phakathi:

• amabala abomvu noma ansomi ngaphansi kwesikhumba seminwe noma sezinzwane
• amabala amancane abomvu noma ansomi avela kumaseli egazi aphume emithanjeni ye-capillary eqhekekile, evame ukuvela kwabamhlophe bamehlo, ezihlathini, ophahleni lomlomo, noma esifubeni

Izimpawu nezimpawu ze-endocarditis esithathelwanayo ziyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu. Zingashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi zincike embangela yokutheleleka kwakho, impilo yenhliziyo, nokuthi isifo sivele isikhathi esingakanani. Uma unomlando wezinkinga zenhliziyo, ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo, noma i-endocarditis yangaphambilini, kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu. Kubaluleke ngokukhethekile ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho uma unemfiva engapheli enganqamuki noma ukhathele ngokungavamile futhi ungazi ukuthi kungani.

Ziyini izimbangela ze-endocarditis?

Imbangela enkulu ye-endocarditis ukugcwala kwamagciwane. Yize la mabhaktheriya ejwayele ukuhlala ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle komzimba wakho, ungawaletha ngaphakathi egazini lakho ngokudla noma ngokuphuza. Amagciwane nawo angangena ngokusikeka esikhunjeni sakho noma emgodini womlomo. Amasosha omzimba wakho ngokuvamile alwa namagciwane ngaphambi kokuba abangele inkinga, kodwa le nqubo iyehluleka kwabanye abantu.

Endabeni ye-endocarditis ethathelwanayo, amagciwane ahamba egazini lakho angene enhliziyweni yakho, lapho anda khona abangele ukuvuvukala. I-Endocarditis nayo ingabangelwa isikhunta noma amanye amagciwane.

Ukudla nokuphuza akuzona ukuphela kwezindlela amagciwane angena ngazo emzimbeni wakho. Bangangena nasegazini lakho nge:

• ukuxubha amazinyo
• ukuba nenhlanzeko yomlomo noma isifo sezinsini
• ukuba nenqubo yamazinyo okusika izinsini zakho
• ukuthola izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi
• usebenzisa inaliti engcolisiwe
• ngokusebenzisa ipayipi lokuchama elihlala ngaphakathi noma ipayipi elisebenza ngemithambo yegazi

Izici zobungozi be-endocarditis

Izingozi zokuthuthukisa i-endocarditis zifaka okulandelayo:

• ukujova izidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni ngenaliti engcoliswe ngamagciwane noma isikhunta
• izilonda ezibangelwa ukulimala kwe-valve yenhliziyo, okuvumela ukuthi amagciwane noma amagciwane akhule
• ukulimala kwezicubu ekubeni ne-endocarditis esikhathini esedlule
• ukuba nenkinga yenhliziyo
• ukushintshwa kwe-valve yenhliziyo yokufakelwa

I-endocarditis itholakala kanjani?

Udokotela wakho uzobheka izimpawu zakho nomlando wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiziphi izivivinyo. Ngemuva kwalesi sibuyekezo, bazosebenzisa i-stethoscope ukulalela inhliziyo yakho. Ukuhlolwa okulandelayo kungenziwa futhi:

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi

Uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi une-endocarditis, kuzohlolwa ukuhlolwa kwesiko legazi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ngabe amagciwane, isikhunta noma amanye ama-microorganisms ayibangela yini. Okunye ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungakhombisa nokuthi ngabe izimpawu zakho zibangelwa esinye isimo, njenge-anemia.

I-echocardiogram yeTransthoracic

I-echocardiogram ye-transthoracic isivivinyo semifanekiso esingakhanyi esisetshenziselwa ukubuka inhliziyo yakho nama-valve ayo. Lokhu kuhlolwa kusebenzisa amagagasi e-ultrasound ukudala isithombe senhliziyo yakho, ne-probing imaging ibekwe ngaphambili kwesifuba sakho. Udokotela wakho angasebenzisa lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-imaging ukubheka izimpawu zokulimala noma ukunyakaza okungavamile kwenhliziyo yakho.

I-echocardiogram ye-Transesophageal

Lapho i-transthoracic echocardiogram inganikeli ngemininingwane eyanele yokuhlola inhliziyo yakho ngokunembile, udokotela wakho angahle ahlele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kwe-imaging okubizwa nge-transesophageal echocardiogram. Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukubuka inhliziyo yakho ngendlela yomphimbo wakho.

I-Electrocardiogram

I-electrocardiogram (ECG noma i-EKG) ingacelwa ukuthi ithole umbono ongcono womsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo yakho. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungathola isigqi senhliziyo noma isilinganiso esingajwayelekile. Uchwepheshe uzonamathisela ama-electrode athambile ayi-12 kuye kwayi-15 esikhunjeni sakho. La ma-electrode anamathiselwe kwimikhombandlela kagesi (izintambo), bese zinamathiselwa emshinini we-EKG.

I-X-ray yesifuba

Iphaphu eliwohlokile noma ezinye izinkinga zamaphaphu zingadala ezinye zezimpawu ezifanayo ne-endocarditis. I-X-ray yesifuba ingasetshenziselwa ukubuka amaphaphu akho futhi ubone ukuthi awele yini noma ukuthi uketshezi lwakhiwe yini kuwo. Uketshezi oluningi lubizwa ngokuthi i-pulmonary edema. I-X-ray ingasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi abone umehluko phakathi kwe-endocarditis nezinye izimo ezibandakanya amaphaphu akho.

Yelashwa kanjani i-endocarditis?

Imithi elwa namagciwane

Uma i-endocarditis yakho ibangelwa amagciwane, izokwelashwa ngemithi elwa namagciwane efakwa emithanjeni. Udokotela wakho uzokweluleka ukuthi uthathe ama-antibiotic kuze kube yilapho ukwelashwa kwakho nokuvuvukala okuhlobene nakho kuphathwa kahle. Cishe uzozithola esibhedlela okungenani isonto, uze ukhombise izimpawu zokuthuthuka. Uzodinga ukuqhubeka nokwelashwa ngama-antibiotic lapho usuphumile esibhedlela. Ungakwazi ukushintshela kuma-antibiotics omlomo kamuva ekwelashweni kwakho. Ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic ngokuvamile kuthatha kuze kuphele.

Ukuhlinzwa

I-endocarditis yokutheleleka isikhathi eside noma ama-valve enhliziyo alimele abangelwa i-endocarditis angadinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe. Ukuhlinzwa kungenziwa ukususa noma yiziphi izicubu ezifile, izicubu ezibomvu, ukwakheka koketshezi, noma imfucumfucu yezicubu ezinegciwane. Ukuhlinzwa kungenziwa futhi ukulungisa noma ukususa i-valve yenhliziyo yakho eyonakele, bese uyifaka esikhundleni sezinto ezenziwe ngabantu noma izicubu zezilwane.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezihambisana ne-endocarditis?

Izinkinga zingavela kumonakalo odalwe ukutheleleka kwakho. Lokhu kungafaka isigqi senhliziyo esingajwayelekile, njenge-atrial fibrillation, amahlule egazi, okunye ukulimala komzimba, kanye ne-hyperbilirubinemia ene-jaundice. Igazi elithelelekile lingadala nokuthi ama-emboli, noma amahlule, aye kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho.

Ezinye izitho ezingathinteka zifaka:

• izinso, ezingavutha, kubangele isimo esibizwa nge-glomerulonephritis
• amaphaphu
• ubuchopho
• amathambo, ikakhulukazi ikholomu yakho yomgogodla, engahle itheleleke, ibangele i-osteomyelitis

Amagciwane noma isikhunta kungazungeza kusuka enhliziyweni yakho futhi kuthinte lezi zindawo. La magciwane angadala nokuthi amathumba akhule ezithweni zakho noma kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho.

Izinkinga ezinzima ezingeziwe ezivela ku-endocarditis zifaka ukushaywa unhlangothi nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo.

Ingavinjelwa kanjani i-endocarditis?

Ukuba nokuhlanzeka okuhle ngomlomo nokugcina njalo ukubekwa kwamazinyo kungasiza ekwehliseni ubungozi bokuthi amagciwane akhe emlonyeni wakho futhi angene egazini lakho. Lokhu kunciphisa ubungozi bokuthuthukisa i-endocarditis ekutheleleni ngomlomo noma ekulimaleni. Uma ngabe uthole ukwelashwa kwamazinyo okwalandelwa ngama-antibiotics, qiniseka ukuthi uthatha ama-antibiotic akho njengoba kuqondisiwe.

Uma unomlando wesifo senhliziyo sokuzalwa, ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo, noma i-endocarditis, qaphela izimpawu nezimpawu ze-endocarditis. Naka ngokukhethekile umkhuhlane ophikelelayo nokukhathala okungachazeki. Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu uma unalezi zimpawu.

Kufanele futhi ugweme:

• ukubhoboza umzimba
• ama-tattoo
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-IV
• noma iyiphi inqubo engavumela amagciwane ukuba angene egazini lakho