Ungazi kanjani ukuthi nginesifo somoya (izivivinyo nokuthi ungazi kanjani ukuthi sinzima)

-Delile

• 1. Ukuhlolwa kwemitholampilo
• Ongakutshela udokotela ekuhloleni
• 2. Izivivinyo
• Imigomo yokuxilonga i-asthma
• Ungabazi kanjani ubunzima be-asthma

Ukuxilongwa kwe-asthma kwenziwa yi-pulmonologist noma i-immunoallergologist ngokuhlola izimpawu ezivezwa ngumuntu, njengokukhwehlela okukhulu, ukuphefumula okuncane nokuqina esifubeni, isibonelo. Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlolwa kwezimpawu kuphela okwanele ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, ikakhulukazi uma kunomlando womndeni we-asthma noma i-allergies.

Kodwa-ke, udokotela futhi angakhombisa ukusebenza kwezinye izivivinyo ukuze abheke ukuqina kwesifuba somoya, ngoba lokhu kungenzeka nokuthi udokotela akhombise ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu.

1. Ukuhlolwa kwemitholampilo

Ukuxilongwa kokuqala kwesifuba somoya kwenziwa ngudokotela ngokuhlola izimpawu nezimpawu ezethulwe ngumuntu, ngaphezu kokuhlolwa komlando womndeni nokuba khona kokungezwani komzimba, isibonelo. Ngakho-ke, izimpawu ezingasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwesifuba somoya yilezi:

• Ukukhwehlela okukhulu;
• Ukushaya lapho uphefumula;
• Ukuzwa ukuphefumula okuncane;
• Ukuzwa "ukuqina esifubeni";
• Kunzima ukugcwalisa amaphaphu akho ngomoya.

Ukuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya nakho kuvame ukwenzeka kaningi ebusuku futhi kungadala ukuthi umuntu avuke ebuthongweni. Noma kunjalo, zingenzeka futhi nganoma yisiphi esinye isikhathi sosuku, ngokuya ngesici sokubangela. Bheka ezinye izimpawu ezingabonisa ukuthi kukhona i-asthma.

Ongakutshela udokotela ekuhloleni

Olunye ulwazi olungasiza udokotela ukuthi afike ngokushesha ekuxilongweni, ngaphezu kwezimpawu, kufaka phakathi ubude bezinkinga, imvamisa, umfutho, okwakwenziwa okwamanje lapho kuvela khona izimpawu zokuqala, uma kukhona ezinye abantu emndenini abane-asthma futhi uma kuba nokuthuthuka kwezimpawu ngemuva kokuthatha uhlobo oluthile lokwelashwa.

2. Izivivinyo

Yize ezimweni eziningi i-asthma itholakala kuphela ngokuhlola izimpawu nezimpawu eziveziwe, kuboniswa kwezinye izimo ukwenza izivivinyo, ikakhulukazi ngenhloso yokuqinisekisa ubukhali besifo.

Ngakho-ke, ukuhlolwa okuvame ukukhonjiswa esimweni se-asthma yi-spirometry, okuhlose ukukhomba ubukhona bokuncipha kwe-bronchi, okuvame kakhulu ku-asthma, ngokuhlola inani lomoya ongakhishwa ngemuva kokuphefumula okujulile nokuthi ushesha kangakanani umoya uyaxoshwa. Imvamisa, imiphumela yalolu vivinyo ikhombisa ukwehla kwamanani we-FEV, FEP naku-FEV / FVC ratio. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi kwenziwa kanjani i-spirometry.

Ngemuva kokwenza ukuhlolwa komtholampilo kanye ne-spirometry, udokotela angaphinde asebenzise ezinye izivivinyo, njenge:

• I-X-ray yesifuba;
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi;
• I-tomography ebaliwe.

Lezi zivivinyo azihlali zisetshenziswa, ngoba zisebenza ikakhulukazi ukuthola ezinye izinkinga zamaphaphu, njenge-pneumonia noma i-pneumothorax, ngokwesibonelo.

Imigomo yokuxilonga i-asthma

Ukwenza ukuxilongwa kwesifuba somoya, udokotela ngokuvamile uthembele kumapharamitha alandelayo:

• Ukwethulwa kwesifo somoya esisodwa noma eziningi ezifana nokuphefumula, ukukhwehlela izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezingu-3, ​​ukushaywa umoya lapho uphefumula, ukuqina noma ubuhlungu esifubeni, ikakhulukazi ebusuku noma ekuseni ngovivi;
• Imiphumela emihle ekuhlolweni ukuxilonga i-asthma;
• Ukwenza ngcono izimpawu ngemuva kokusebenzisa izidakamizwa ze-asthma ezifana ne-bronchodilators noma izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala, isibonelo;
• Ukuba khona kweziqephu ezi-3 noma ngaphezulu zokushayana lapho uphefumula ezinyangeni eziyi-12 ezedlule;
• Umlando womndeni wesifuba somoya;
• Ukukhishwa kwezinye izifo ezifana ne-apnea yokulala, i-bronchiolitis noma ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, isibonelo.

Ngemuva kokuthi udokotela enze ukuxilongwa kwesifuba somoya usebenzisa le mingcele, ubukhulu kanye nohlobo lwe-asthma kunqunywa, ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu komuntu kungakhonjiswa.

Ungabazi kanjani ubunzima be-asthma

Ngemuva kokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa nangaphambi kokuncoma ukwelashwa, udokotela udinga ukubona ubunzima bezimpawu futhi aqonde ezinye zezinto ezibonakala ziholela ekuqaleni kwezimpawu. Ngale ndlela, kungenzeka ukuguqula kangcono imithamo yemithi kanye nohlobo lwamakhambi asetshenzisiwe.

Ubukhulu be-asthma bungahlukaniswa ngokuya ngemvamisa namandla lapho izimpawu zivela khona:

Ngokobukhulu besifuba somoya, udokotela uqondisa ukwelashwa okufanele okuvame ukufaka ukusetshenziswa kwamakhambi esifuba njengemithi elwa nokuvuvukala kanye ne-bronchodilator. Bona imininingwane eminingi ngokwelashwa kwesifuba somoya.

Izici ezijwayele ukufaka isandla ekuhlaselweni yisifuba somoya zibandakanya izifo zokuphefumula, ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu, uthuli, isikhunta, izicubu ezithile noma ukusetshenziswa kwemithi. Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kubalulekile ukugwema izinto ezihlonziwe ukugwema ukuvela kwezinkinga ezintsha futhi kwehle nokuqina kwezimpawu lapho zivela.

Yize ezinye izinto ezibangela ukutholakala zingatholakala ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa, ezinye zingabonakala eminyakeni edlule, kubalulekile njalo ukwazisa udokotela.