Okufanele Ukwenze Uma Uhlaselwa Isisu

-Delile

• Ngabe ngihlaselwa yinyongo?
• Yini inyongo?
• Kungaba ngamatshe enyongo?
• Kuthiwani ngezinye izinkinga ze-gallbladder ezibangela ubuhlungu?
• Izimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinyongo
• Ukubonana nodokotela nini
• Ukwelashwa kokuhlaselwa yinyongo
• Imithi
• Ukuhlinzwa
• Ukuvimbela okunye ukuhlaselwa
• Uyini umbono?

Ngabe ngihlaselwa yinyongo?

Ukuhlaselwa kwe-gallbladder kubizwa nangokuthi i-gallstone attack, i-cholecystitis enamandla, noma i-biliary colic. Uma unezinhlungu ohlangothini olungakwesokudla esiswini sakho, kungahle kuhlobene nenyongo yakho. Khumbula ukuthi kunezinye izimbangela zobuhlungu nakule ndawo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• isilungulela (GERD)
• i-appendicitis
• i-hepatitis (ukuvuvukala kwesibindi)
• isilonda se-peptic (esiswini)
• inyumoniya
• i-hernia yokuzalwa
• ukutheleleka kwezinso
• amatshe ezinso
• ithumba lesibindi
• i-pancreatitis (ukuvuvukala kwamanyikwe)
• ukutheleleka kwe-shingles
• ukuqunjelwa okukhulu

Yini inyongo?

Inyongo yisaka elincane esiswini esingenhla kwesokudla, ngaphansi kwesibindi sakho. Kubukeka njengepheya eliseceleni. Umsebenzi wawo omkhulu ukugcina cishe amaphesenti ama-50 enyongo (inyongo) enziwa isibindi.

Umzimba wakho udinga inyongo ukusiza ukuqeda amafutha. Lolu ketshezi lusiza nokuthi uthathe amavithamini athile ekudleni. Uma udla ukudla okunamafutha, i-bile ikhishwa kwi-gallbladder nasesibindi iye emathunjini. Ukudla kugaywa kakhulu emathunjini.

Kungaba ngamatshe enyongo?

Amatshe amatshe amatshe amancane “amatshe amancane” alukhuni enziwe ngamafutha, amaprotheni, namaminerali emzimbeni wakho. Ukuhlaselwa kwe-gallbladder kwenzeka kakhulu lapho ama-gallstones evimba umgudu we-bile noma ithubhu. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, inyongo iyakheka ku-gallbladder.

Ukuvinjelwa nokuvuvukala kubangela ubuhlungu. Ukuhlaselwa kuvame ukuma lapho ama-gallstones ehamba futhi i-bile ingaphuma.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zamatshe enyongo:

• Amatshe enyongo e-cholesterol. Lezi zakha uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwama-gallstones. Zibukeka zimhlophe noma ziphuzi ngoba zenziwe nge-cholesterol noma ngamafutha.
• Ama-gallstones e-pigment. Lawa ma-gallstones enziwa lapho i-bile yakho ine-bilirubin eningi kakhulu. Anombala onsundu noma amnyama ngombala. I-Bilirubin i-pigment noma umbala owenza amangqamuzana abomvu egazi abomvu.

Ungaba nenyongo ngaphandle kokuhlaselwa yinyongo. E-United States, cishe amaphesenti angu-9 abesifazane namaphesenti ayisithupha abesilisa banamatshe enyongo angenazimpawu. Ama-gallstones angavimbi umgudu we-bile ngokuvamile ngeke abangele izimpawu.

Kuthiwani ngezinye izinkinga ze-gallbladder ezibangela ubuhlungu?

Ezinye izinhlobo zezinkinga ze-gallbladder ezingadala ubuhlungu yilezi:

• i-cholangitis (ukuvuvukala kwe-bile duct)
• ukuvinjelwa kwendle ye-gallbladder
• ukuqhuma kwenyongo
• i-acalculous gallbladder disease noma i-gallbladder dyskinesia
• ama-polyp gallbladder
• umdlavuza we-gallbladder

Izimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinyongo

Ukuhlaselwa kwe-gallbladder kuvame ukwenzeka ngemuva kokudla isidlo esikhulu. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba umzimba wakho wenza ibile xa udla ukudla okunamafutha. Kungenzeka ukuthi ube nokuhlaselwa kusihlwa.

Uma uke wahlaselwa yinyongo, usengozini enkulu yokuba nomunye futhi. Ubuhlungu obuhlasela i-gallbladder buyehluka kakhulu kwezinye izinhlobo zobuhlungu besisu. Ungahle ube:

• ubuhlungu obungazelelwe nobukhali obuthatha imizuzu kuya emahoreni
• ubuhlungu obunzima noma obunzima obuba buhlungu ngokushesha engxenyeni engenhla yesisu sakho
• ubuhlungu obucijile maphakathi nesisu sakho, ngezansi nje kwesifuba sesifuba
• ubuhlungu obukhulu obwenza kube nzima ukuhlala unganyakazi
• ubuhlungu obungadluli noma obuguqukayo lapho unyakaza
• ubumnene besisu

Ubuhlungu obuhlasela i-gallbladder bungasakazeka busuka esiswini buye ku:

• emuva phakathi kwamahlombe akho
• ihlombe langakwesokudla

Ungase futhi ube nezinye izimpawu zokuhlaselwa kwe-gallbladder, njenge:

• isicanucanu
• ukuhlanza
• imfiva
• Ukugodola
• isikhumba neso kuphuzi
• umchamo omnyama noma ophuzi wetiye
• ukukhanya noma ukunyakaza kwamathumbu anombala wobumba

Ukuhlaselwa kwe-gallbladder kungaholela kwezinye izinkinga, ezingadala ezinye izimpawu. Isibonelo, kungadala izinkinga zesibindi. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba ukuvinjelwa emgodini kungenza isipele se-bile esibindi. Lokhu kungasusa i-jaundice - ukuphuzi kwesikhumba sakho kanye nabamhlophe bamehlo akho.

Kwesinye isikhathi amatshe enyongo angavimba indlela eya kumanyikwe. Ama-pancreas enza neziphuzo zokugaya ukudla ezikusiza ukuthi udilize ukudla. Ukuvaleka kungaholela enkingeni ebizwa nge-gallstone pancreatitis. Izimpawu ziyefana nokuhlaselwa yinyongo. Ungase futhi ube nobuhlungu esiswini esingaphezulu kwesobunxele.

Ukubonana nodokotela nini

Cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yabantu abane-gallstones bazoba nokuhlaselwa yinyongo noma izimpawu ezinzima. Ukuhlaselwa kwe-gallbladder kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esidinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha. Ungadinga ukwelashwa ukuvimbela izinkinga.

Ungabunaki ubuhlungu, futhi ungazami ukuzelapha ngamaphilisi ezinhlungu athengwa ekhawunteni. Funa usizo kudokotela ngokushesha uma unanoma iyiphi yalezi zimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinyongo:

• ubuhlungu obukhulu
• umkhuhlane omkhulu
• Ukugodola
• ukuphuzi kwesikhumba
• ukuphuzi kwabamhlophe bamehlo akho

Ukwelashwa kokuhlaselwa yinyongo

Ekuqaleni, udokotela uzokunika umuthi wezinhlungu ukusiza ukudambisa izinhlungu. Unganikezwa nemithi yokulwa nesicanucanu ukusiza ukukhulula izimpawu.Uma udokotela enquma ukuthi ungaya ekhaya ngaphandle kokwelashwa okuqhubekayo, ungahle uthande ukuzama nezindlela zokusiza izinhlungu zemvelo.

Ukuhlaselwa kwakho kwe-gallbladder kungahamba ngokwakho. Lokhu kungenzeka uma ama-gallstones edlula ngokuphepha futhi angabangeli izinkinga. Usazodinga ukuvakashelwa okulandelanayo nodokotela wakho.

Ungadinga ukuskena nokuhlolwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ubuhlungu buvela ekuhlaselweni yinyongo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• i-ultrasound
• i-X-ray esiswini
• Iskena se-CT
• ukusebenza kwesibindi ukuhlolwa kwegazi
• Ukuskena kwe-HIDA

I-ultrasound yesisu iyindlela ejwayelekile futhi esheshayo yokuthi udokotela abone ukuthi unamatshe enyongo yini.

Imithi

Isidakamizwa somlomo esibizwa nge-ursodeoxycholic acid, esibizwa nangokuthi i-ursodiol (i-Actigall, i-Urso), sisiza ukuncibilikisa amatshe enyongo e-cholesterol. Kungakulungela uma ubuhlungu bakho buhamba bodwa noma ungenazo izimpawu. Isebenza enombolweni encane yamatshe enyongo angamamilimitha amabili kuya kwayi-3 ngosayizi kuphela.

Lo muthi ungathatha izinyanga ukusebenza, futhi kungadingeka ukuthi uwuthathe kuze kube yiminyaka emibili. Ama-gallstones angabuya uma uyeka ukuthatha umuthi.

Ukuhlinzwa

Ungadinga ukuhlinzwa uma ubuhlungu bunganciphisi noma uma unokuhlaselwa okuphindayo. Izindlela zokwelashwa ezihlinzekwayo zokuhlaselwa yinyongo yilezi:

Ukuhoxa. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kususa yonke i-gallbladder. Ikuvimbela ekubeni namatshe enyongo noma ukuhlaselwa yinyongo futhi. Uzobe ulele inqubo. Uzodinga izinsuku ezimbalwa kuya emavikini ambalwa ukuze ululame ekuhlinzweni.

Ukuhlinzwa kwe-gallbladder kungenziwa ngokuhlinzwa kwe-keyhole (laparoscope) noma ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile.

I-Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Ku-ERCP, uzobe ulele ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia. Udokotela wakho uzodlulisa indawo ezacile, eguquguqukayo nekhamera kuyo ngomlomo wakho yonke indlela kuze kufike ekuvuleni komgudu wenyongo.

Le nqubo ingasetshenziselwa ukuthola nokususa amatshe enyongo emgodini. Ayikwazi ukususa amatshe ku-gallbladder. Uzodinga isikhathi esincane kakhulu sokutakula ngoba imvamisa akukho ukusikwa ku-ERCP.

I-cholecystostomy tube enamandla. Le yinqubo yokuhlinzwa yokuhambisa amanzi ye-gallbladder. Ngenkathi ungaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile, kufakwa ishubhu esinyameni sakho ngokusikwa okuncane esiswini sakho. Izithombe ze-Ultrasound noma ze-X-ray zisiza ukuqondisa udokotela ohlinzayo. Ishubhu ixhunywe esikhwameni. Ama-gallstones kanye ne-bile eyengeziwe kungena esikhwameni.

Ukuvimbela okunye ukuhlaselwa

Ama-gallstones angaba yizakhi zofuzo. Kodwa-ke, ungenza ushintsho oluthile lwendlela yokuphila ukunciphisa izingozi zakho zokuthola ama-gallstones nokuhlaselwa yi-gallbladder.

• Ukuncipha emsimbeni. Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile noma ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kwandisa ingozi yakho. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kungenza i-bile yakho icebe kakhulu ku-cholesterol.
• Vocavoca umzimba bese uhamba. Indlela yokuphila engasebenzi noma ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi uhleli kukhulisa ubungozi bakho.
• Finyelela indlela yokuphila enokulinganisela kancane. Ukwehla kwesisindo ngokushesha kukhuphula ubungozi benyongo. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba ukulahleka kwesisindo okusheshayo kubangela ukuthi isibindi sakho senze i-cholesterol eningi. Gwema ukuzama ukudla okudumile, ukweqa ukudla, nokuthatha izithasiselo zokwehlisa isisindo.

Namathela ekudleni kwansuku zonke okunempilo nokuzivocavoca umzimba njalo ukuze unciphise isisindo ngokuphepha. Ukudla okusiza ukuvimbela ama-gallstones kufaka phakathi ukugwema amafutha angenampilo nokudla okunoshukela noma okunesitashi. Yidla ukudla okuningi okusiza ukwehlisa i-cholesterol. Lokhu kufaka ukudla okuphezulu kwe-fiber, njenge:

• imifino emisha nefriziwe
• izithelo ezintsha, ezibandayo nezomisiwe
• izinkwa zokudla okusanhlamvu kanye ne-pasta
• irayisi elinsundu
• udali
• ubhontshisi
• quinoa
• umzala

Uyini umbono?

Uma uhlaselwa yinyongo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezindlela zokuvimbela ukuba nomunye futhi. Ungadinga ukuhlinzwa kokukhishwa kwe-gallbladder. Ungaba nokugayeka kokujwayelekile, okunempilo ngaphandle kwe-gallbladder.

Qaphela ukuthi ungathola ama-gallstones noma ngabe udla ukudla okunempilo, okunomsoco nokuzivocavoca umzimba. Awukwazi ukulawula izimbangela ezifana nalezi:

• ufuzo (ama-gallstones asebenza emndenini)
• ukuba ngowesifazane (i-estrogen ikhulisa i-cholesterol ku-bile)
• ukuba ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 (i-cholesterol inyuka ngobudala)
• ukuba nefa lamaMelika Omdabu noma laseMexico (ezinye izinhlanga nezinhlanga zithambekele kakhulu ematsheni enyongo)

Izimo ezingakhuphula ubungozi bokuhlaselwa kwe-gallbladder yilezi:

• thayipha isifo sikashukela esingu-1
• thayipha 2 sikashukela
• Isifo sikaCrohn

Khuluma nodokotela wakho uma unomlando womndeni wama-gallstones noma uma unesici esisodwa noma eziningi zobungozi. I-ultrasound ingasiza ukuthola ukuthi unama-gallstones yini. Uma uke wahlaselwa yinyongo, bheka udokotela wakho ngakho konke ukuqokwa okulandelwayo, noma ngabe ubungadingi ukwelashwa.