Uyini Umehluko Phakathi Kwe-HDL ne-LDL Cholesterol?

-Delile

• I-HDL iqhathanisa ne-cholesterol ye-LDL
• Zazi izinombolo zakho
• Izimbangela ze-cholesterol ephezulu
• Ungayelapha kanjani i-cholesterol ephezulu
• Umthelela wokudla
• Umbono
• Amathiphu okuvimbela

Ukubuka konke

I-cholesterol ivamise ukuthola i-bum rap, kodwa kuyadingeka emzimbeni wakho ukuze usebenze kahle. Umzimba wakho usebenzisa i-cholesterol ukwenza ama-hormone novithamini D, futhi usekele ukugaya. Isibindi sakho sikhiqiza i-cholesterol eyanele yokusingatha le misebenzi, kodwa umzimba wakho awutholi nje i-cholesterol esibindini sakho. I-cholesterol ibuye ibe ekudleni okufana nenyama, ubisi, nezinkukhu.Uma udla okuningi kwalokhu kudla, amazinga akho e-cholesterol angaphakama kakhulu.

I-HDL iqhathanisa ne-cholesterol ye-LDL

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-cholesterol: i-high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ne-low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Ama-lipoprotein enziwe ngamafutha namaprotheni. I-cholesterol ihamba emzimbeni wakho ngenkathi ingaphakathi kwe-lipoproteins.

I-HDL yaziwa ngokuthi "i-cholesterol enhle" ngoba ihambisa i-cholesterol esibindini sakho ukuze ixoshwe emzimbeni wakho. I-HDL isiza ukususa umzimba wakho we-cholesterol eyeqile ngakho-ke mancane amathuba okuthi iphelele emithanjeni yakho.

I-LDL ibizwa nge- “cholesterol embi” ngoba ihambisa i-cholesterol emithanjeni yakho, lapho ingaqoqa khona ezindongeni zemithambo. I-cholesterol eningi kakhulu emithanjeni yakho ingaholela ekwakhiweni kocwecwe olwaziwa ngokuthi i-atherosclerosis. Lokhu kungakhuphula ubungozi bamahlule egazini emithanjeni yakho. Uma iqhwa legazi liphuka futhi livimba umthambo enhliziyweni noma ebuchosheni bakho, ungahlaselwa isifo sohlangothi noma isifo senhliziyo.

Ukwakhiwa kweplaque nakho kunganciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi ne-oksijini ezithweni ezinkulu. Ukwehliswa komoya-mpilo ezithweni zakho noma emithanjeni kungaholela ezifweni zezinso noma emaphethelweni isifo semithambo, ngaphezu kwesifo senhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi.

Zazi izinombolo zakho

Ngokuya nge, amaphesenti angaphezu kwama-31 amaMelika ane-cholesterol ephezulu ye-LDL. Kungenzeka ukuthi awazi nokuthi i-cholesterol ephezulu ayibangeli zimpawu ezibonakalayo.

Ukuphela kwendlela yokuthola ukuthi ngabe i-cholesterol yakho iphezulu ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okulinganisa i-cholesterol kumamiligram nge-decilita ngayinye yegazi (mg / dL). Uma uhlola izinombolo zakho ze-cholesterol, uzothola imiphumela ye:

• Ingqikithi ye-cholesterol egazini: Lokhu kufaka i-HDL yakho, i-LDL, namaphesenti angama-20 we-triglycerides yakho ephelele.
• Ama-Triglycerides: Le nombolo kufanele ibe ngaphansi kuka-150 mg / dL. I-Triglycerides uhlobo oluvamile lwamafutha. Uma ama-triglycerides akho ephezulu ne-LDL yakho nayo iphakeme noma i-HDL yakho iphansi, usengozini yokuhlaselwa i-atherosclerosis.
• I-HDL: Ukuphakama kwale nombolo, kungcono. Kufanele okungenani ibe ngaphezu kuka-55 mg / dL wabesifazane kanye no-45 mg / dL kwabesilisa.
• I-LDL: Ukwehla kwale nombolo, kuba ngcono. Akufanele ibe ngaphezu kuka-130 mg / dL uma ungenaso isifo senhliziyo, isifo somthambo wegazi, noma isifo sikashukela. Akufanele ibe ngaphezu kuka-100 mg / dL uma unalezo zimo noma i-cholesterol ephelele.

Izimbangela ze-cholesterol ephezulu

Izici zokuphila ezingadala i-cholesterol ephezulu yilezi:

• ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
• ukudla okugcwele inyama ebomvu, imikhiqizo yobisi enamafutha agcwele, amafutha agcwele, amafutha we-trans, nokudla okusetshenzisiwe
• umjikelezo omkhulu okhalweni (ngaphezu kwama-intshi angu-40 kwabesilisa noma ngaphezulu kwama-intshi angama-35 kwabesifazane)
• ukungabi nokuzivocavoca umzimba njalo

Ngokusho kuka-a, ababhemayo ngokuvamile bane-cholesterol ephansi ye-HDL kunabangabhemi. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ukuyeka ukubhema kungakhuphula i-HDL. Uma ubhema, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nezinhlelo zokuyeka ukubhema noma ezinye izindlela ongazisebenzisa ukuyeka ukubhema.

Akucaci ukuthi ngabe ukucindezeleka kubanga ngqo i-cholesterol ephezulu. Ukucindezeleka okungalawulwa kungaholela ekuziphatheni okungakhuphula i-LDL kanye ne-cholesterol ephelele njengokudla kakhulu ukudla okunamafutha, ukungasebenzi, nokubhema okwandayo.

Kwezinye izimo, i-LDL ephezulu izuzwa njengefa. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi yi-family hypercholesterolemia (FH). I-FH idalwa ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo okuthinta ikhono lesibindi somuntu ukususa i-cholesterol eyengeziwe ye-LDL. Lokhu kungaholela emazingeni aphezulu e-LDL kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo nokushaywa unhlangothi usemncane.

Ungayelapha kanjani i-cholesterol ephezulu

Ukwelapha i-cholesterol ephezulu, odokotela bavame ukuncoma lezi zinguquko zendlela yokuphila:

• ukuyeka ukubhema
• ukudla ukudla okunempilo
• ukuzivocavoca umzimba njalo
• ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka

Kwesinye isikhathi izinguquko zendlela yokuphila azenele, ikakhulukazi uma une-FH. Ungadinga umuthi owodwa noma ngaphezulu onjenge:

• ama-statins ukusiza isibindi sakho ukususa i-cholesterol
• Imithi ebopha i-bile-acid esiza umzimba wakho ukuthi usebenzise i-cholesterol eyengeziwe ukukhiqiza i-bile
• i-cholesterol absorption inhibitors ukuvimbela amathumbu akho amancane ukuthi angamunci i-cholesterol futhi ayidedele iye egazini lakho
• imithi ejojwayo ebangela ukuthi isibindi sakho simunce i-cholesterol engaphezulu ye-LDL

Imithi nezithasiselo zokunciphisa amazinga e-triglyceride nayo ingasetshenziswa njenge-niacin (Niacor), i-omega-3 fatty acids, nama-fibrate.

Umthelela wokudla

I-American Heart Association incoma ukudla lokhu kudla ukusiza ukunciphisa inani eliphelele le-cholesterol nokwandisa i-HDL:

• uhla lwezithelo nemifino
• okusanhlamvu okuphelele
• izinkukhu ezingenasikhumba, inyama yengulube engenamafutha, nenyama ebomvu ebomvu
• izinhlanzi ezinamafutha abhakiwe noma ezigoqiwe njenge-salmon, i-tuna, noma ama-sardine
• imbewu engenawo usawoti, amantongomane nemidumba
• imifino noma amafutha omnqumo

Lokhu kudla kungakhuphula i-cholesterol ye-LDL futhi kufanele kugwenywe noma kungadli kakhulu:

• inyama ebomvu enganqunyiwe
• ukudla okuthosiwe
• izimpahla ezibhakiwe ezenziwe ngamafutha we-trans noma amafutha agcwele
• imikhiqizo yobisi egcwele
• ukudla okunamafutha we-hydrogenated
• amafutha asezindaweni ezishisayo

Umbono

I-cholesterol ephezulu ingaba mayelana. Kodwa ezimweni eziningi kuyisignali yesixwayiso. Ukutholakala une-cholesterol ephezulu akusho ukuthi uzoba nesifo senhliziyo noma ube nesifo sohlangothi, kepha kusamele kuthathwe ngokungathi sína.

Uma une-cholesterol ephezulu futhi wenza ukunciphisa, amathuba okuba nesifo senhliziyo nesifo sohlangothi kungenzeka anciphe. Izindlela zokuphila ezisiza ukunciphisa i-cholesterol nazo zisekela impilo yakho yonke.

Amathiphu okuvimbela

Awusoze waba mncane kakhulu ukuqala ukucabanga ngokuvimbela i-cholesterol ephezulu. Ukudla ukudla okunempilo kuyisinyathelo sokuqala esibalulekile. Nazi ezinye izinguquko ongazenza namuhla:

• Shintsha ipasta yendabuko ne-pasta ephelele kakolweni, nelayisi elimhlophe ngelayisi elinsundu.
• Gqoka amasaladi ngamafutha omnqumo bese ufafaza ujusi kalamula esikhundleni sokugqoka isaladi elinamafutha amaningi.
• Yidla izinhlanzi eziningi. Hlela okungenani izinhlinzeko ezimbili zezinhlanzi ngesonto.
• Shintsha isoda noma ijusi yezithelo ngamanzi e-seltzer noma amanzi angenalutho ahlanganiswe neziqephu zezithelo ezintsha.
• Bhaka inyama nezinkukhu esikhundleni sokuthosa inyama.
• Sebenzisa iyogathi yamaGrikhi enamafutha amancane esikhundleni sokhilimu omuncu. I-yogurt yamaGrikhi ine-flavour efanayo ye-tart.
• Khetha okusanhlamvu okusanhlamvu okuphelele esikhundleni sezinhlobo ezigcwele ushukela. Zama ukuwafaka ngesinamoni esikhundleni sikashukela.