I-Leptospirosis: kuyini, izimpawu, imbangela nokuthi kwenzeka kanjani ukudluliswa

-Delile

• Izimpawu eziyinhloko
• Isizathu se-leptospirosis
• Ukudluliswa kwenzeka kanjani
• Okufanele ukwenze ukuvimbela
• Yelashwa kanjani

I-Leptospirosis yisifo esithathelwanayo esibangelwa amagciwane ohlobo Leptospira, ongadluliselwa kubantu ngokuthintana nomchamo kanye nendle yezilwane ezitheleleke ngaleli gciwane, njengamagundane, ikakhulukazi izinja namakati.

Lesi sifo siba khona kaningi ngezikhathi zikazamcolo, ngoba ngenxa yezikhukhula, iziziba kanye nenhlabathi enomswakama, umchamo wezilwane ezinegciwane ungasakazeka kalula futhi amabhaktheriya athelela umuntu ngezingqamuzana noma izilonda zesikhumba, okwenza izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukubanda, amehlo abomvu, ikhanda elibuhlungu nenhliziyo

Yize izimo eziningi zibanga izimpawu ezingezinhle, abanye abantu bangathuthuka ngezinkinga ezinkulu, njengokuqaqanjelwa ukopha, ukwehluleka kwezinso noma i-meningitis, ngokwesibonelo, ngakho-ke, noma nini lapho kusolwa lesi sifo, kubalulekile ukuya kudokotela wezifo noma odokotela abajwayelekile ukuze wenza ukuxilongwa futhi waqala ukwelashwa, okungenziwa ngamaphilisi ezinhlungu kanye nama-antibiotic.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko

Izimpawu ze-leptospirosis zivame ukuvela phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-7 kuya kwezingu-14 ngemuva kokuthintana namagciwane, kepha kwezinye izimo izimpawu zokuqala zesifo kungenzeka zingatholakali, kuphela izimpawu ezinzima kakhulu ezibonisa ukuthi lesi sifo sesivele sisesigabeni esithuthuke kakhulu.

Izimpawu ze-leptospirosis, lapho zivela, zingahluka kusuka kwizimpawu ezimnene kuya kwezinzima, njenge:

• Umkhuhlane omkhulu oqala ngokuzumayo;
• Ikhanda;
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba, ikakhulukazi enkonyane, emuva nasesiswini;
• Ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla;
• Ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo;
• Ukugodola;
• Amehlo abomvu.

Phakathi kwezinsuku ezintathu nezingu-7 ngemuva kokuqala kwezimpawu, kungavela i-Weil triad, ehambelana nezimpawu ezintathu ezivela ndawonye futhi ezikhomba ubucayi besifo, njenge-jaundice, okungamehlo aphuzi nesikhumba, izinso ukwehluleka nokopha., ikakhulu amaphaphu. Bona okuningi mayelana nezimpawu ze-leptospirosis.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-leptospirosis kwenziwa ngudokotela ojwayelekile noma isifo esithathelwanayo ngokuhlolwa kwezimpawu, ukuhlolwa komzimba nokuhlolwa kwegazi, okufana nokubalwa kwegazi kanye nokuhlolwa kokuhlola ukusebenza kwezinso, isibindi namandla okuvimba, ukubheka noma yiziphi izimpawu zenkinga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izivivinyo zamangqamuzana nezesayensi zingenziwa ukuthola amabhaktheriya kanye nama-antigen kanye nama-antibodies akhiqizwa ngumzimba omelene naleli gciwane.

Isizathu se-leptospirosis

I-Leptospirosis yisifo esithathelwanayo esibangelwa amagciwane ohlobo Leptospira, ezingatheleleka ngamagundane, ikakhulukazi amakati, izinkomo, izingulube nezinja, ngaphandle kokubangela izimpawu. Kodwa-ke, lapho lezi zilwane zichama noma zihamba, zingadedela amabhaktheriya emvelweni, angathelela abantu futhi aholele ekwakhekeni kwesifo.

Ukudluliswa kwenzeka kanjani

Ukudluliswa kwe-leptospirosis akwenzeki kusuka komunye umuntu kuye komunye, futhi ukuze kutheleleke ngesifo, kuyadingeka ukuxhumana nomchamo noma enye indle yezilwane ezingcolisiwe, njengamagundane, izinja, amakati, izingulube nezinkomo.

THE Leptospira imvamisa ingena ngezicubu zomlomo, ezinjengamehlo nomlomo, noma amanxeba nokuklwebheka esikhunjeni, futhi lapho isivele ingaphakathi komzimba ingafinyelela egazini futhi isakaze kwezinye izitho, okuholela ekubonakaleni kwezinkinga njengokuhluleka kwezinso ukopha kwamaphaphu, okuthi ngaphezu kokubonakala sekwephuzile nakho kungakhombisa ukuqina okukhulu kwalesi sifo.

Ukuba khona kwezimo ezinjengezikhukhula, izikhukhula, iziziba noma ukuthintana nenhlabathi enomswakama, udoti nezitshalo kungenza kube lula ukuxhumana nomchamo wezilwane ezingcolile futhi kube lula ukutheleleka. Olunye uhlobo lokungcola ukuphuza iziphuzo ezisemathinini noma ukudla izimpahla ezisemathinini ezihlangane nomchamo wegundane. Funda ngezinye izifo ezithwalwa yimvula.

Okufanele ukwenze ukuvimbela

Ukuzivikela nokugwema i-leptospirosis, kunconywa ukuthi ugweme ukuthintana namanzi angahle angcoliswe, njengezikhukhula, udaka, imifula enamanzi amile kanye nedamu lokubhukuda elingalashwa nge-chlorine. Uma kunesidingo sokubhekana nesikhukhula kungasiza ukusebenzisa amagesi enjoloba ukugcina isikhumba somile futhi sivikelwe kahle emanzini angcolile, ngenxa yalesi sizathu:

• Geza futhi ufe amagciwane nge-bleach noma i-chlorine phansi, ifenisha, ibhokisi lamanzi nakho konke okuthinte uzamcolo;
• Lahla ukudla okuhlangane namanzi angcolile;
• Geza wonke amathini ngaphambi kokuwavula, kungaba ukudla noma iziphuzo;
• Bilisa amanzi ozowasebenzisa nawukulungisa ukudla bese ufaka amaconsi ama-2 we-bleach kwilitha ngalinye lamanzi;
• Zama ukuqeda wonke amaphuzu wokuqoqwa kwamanzi ngemuva kwezikhukhula ngenxa yokuphindaphindeka kukadenga noma umiyane kamalaleveva;
• Zama ukungavumeli ukuthi udoti uqoqane ekhaya bese uwufaka emasakeni avaliwe futhi kude naphansi ukuvimbela ukwanda kwamagundane.

Ezinye izinyathelo ezisiza ekuvikeleni lesi sifo zihlala zisebenzisa amagilavu ​​wenjoloba, ikakhulukazi lapho uphatha udoti noma uhlanza izindawo ezingaba namagundane noma amanye amagundane nokugeza ukudla kahle ngaphambi kokudla ngamanzi okuphuza kanye nezandla ngaphambi udle.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwezinye izimo, ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic ukuvimbela ukutheleleka nakho kungakhonjiswa, okubizwa nge-chemoprophylaxis. Ngokuvamile, i-Doxycycline elwa namagciwane iqondisiwe, ikhonjiswa abantu abake bavezwa yizikhukhula noma ukuhlanzwa kwemigodi, noma ngisho nabantu abasazobhekana nezimo eziyingozi, njengokuzivocavoca kwezempi noma imidlalo yezamanzi, ngokwesibonelo.

Yelashwa kanjani

Ezimweni eziningi, ukwelashwa kungenziwa ekhaya ngokusetshenziswa kwemithi yokuqeda izimpawu, njenge-paracetamol, ngaphezu kwe-hydration nokuphumula. Imithi elwa namagciwane efana neDoxycycline noma iPenicillin inganconywa ngudokotela ukuthi alwe namagciwane, kepha umphumela wama-antibiotic mkhulu ezinsukwini eziyisi-5 zokuqala zesifo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi lesi sifo sibonakale ngokushesha nje lapho kuqala izimpawu zokutheleleka ukuvela. Bheka imininingwane eminingi ngokwelashwa kweLeptospirosis.

Kwiphepha lethu le- i-podcast, i-biomedical Marcela Lemos, icacisa ukungabaza okuyinhloko nge-leptospirosis: