Yini imephu ye-retina futhi yenzelwe ini

-Delile

• Kwenziwa kanjani
• Inani Lokuhlolwa
• Lapho kukhonjiswa

Imephu ye-retinal, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-fundus examination noma i-fundus examination, ukuhlolwa lapho i-ophthalmologist ikwazi khona ukubona izinzwa, imithambo yegazi nezicubu zamehlo ezibhekele ukuthwebula izithombe, zikwazi ukubona ushintsho futhi zivumele inkomba yokwelashwa. Ngakho-ke, ukwenziwa kwemephu kukhonjiswa ukukhomba izinguquko ezibangelwe yi:

• Izifo zamehlo, njenge-glaucoma, i-retinal detachment, i-tumor, ukuvuvukala, ukungabi khona kwegazi noma ukudakwa kwezidakamizwa, isibonelo;
• Izifo zesistimu ezidala ukulimala kwamehlo, ekushintsheni izinzwa nemithambo yamehlo, njengesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, izifo zamathambo, izifo zemizwa noma izifo zegazi;

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwenziwa kwemephu ye-retinal nakho kungakhonjiswa ezinganeni ezizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ezineminyaka engama-32 noma ngaphansi, noma ezinesisindo esingu-1,500 g noma ngaphansi, njengoba kulezi zimo kungahle kube nokubuyela emuva kokungakhuli, isifo esidala ushintsho egazini lezingane emithanjeni. Ukuntuleka kokwelashwa okufanele kungaholela ekulimaleni okungalungiseki ekukhuleni kweso lengane futhi, kwezinye izimo, ukungaboni. Qonda okungenziwa kulezi zimo ekwelapheni i-retinopathy yokungakhuli ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Kwenziwa kanjani

Ukwenza imephu kwe-retinal ukuhlolwa okulula, okwenziwa ngesikhathi sokubonisana nodokotela wezifo zamehlo, okungabangeli ukulimala noma ukudala ubuhlungu. Ekugcwalisekeni kwayo, kusetshenziswa idivaysi ebizwa nge-ophthalmoscope, ebekwe ebangeni elingaba ngamasentimitha ayi-15 futhi yenza umkhawulo wokukhanya ngemuva kweso, uvumele udokotela ukuthi abuke isithombe sesifunda.

Ngalesi saziso, udokotela wezifo zamehlo uzokwazi ukukhomba ushintsho olungenzeka futhi, uma kunesidingo, a-oda izivivinyo eziningi, njenge-tomography, noma akhombise nokwelashwa, njengezidakamizwa zokwelapha ukuvuvukala noma ukuhlinzwa ukubeka kabusha ithimba le-retinal, ngokwesibonelo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwenza isivivinyo, udokotela angakhombisa ukunwetshwa komfundi, okwenziwe ngama-eyedrop nakho kusetshenzisiwe ekubonisaneni, ngaphambi nje kokuhlolwa, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuba nomngane ozomsiza ekubuyeni ekhaya. Kuyalulekwa futhi ukuthi ungasebenzisi amalensi wokuxhumana aqinile ngosuku lokuhlolwa, ngoba kungashintsha umphumela.

Bheka futhi okunye ukuhlolwa kwamehlo kungenziwa ukugwema izinkinga zombono.

Inani Lokuhlolwa

Ukwenza imephu kwe-retinal kwenziwa mahhala yi-SUS, uma kukhonjisiwe, noma kunjalo, kungenziwa nasemitholampilo yangasese, ngentengo engahluka phakathi kwama-reais ayikhulu kuya kwangama-250, okuhluka kakhulu ngokuya ngendawo nomtholampilo lapho kuhlolwa khona kwenziwe.

Lapho kukhonjiswa

Ukuhlolwa kwesikhwama kufanele kwenziwe ezimweni ezilandelayo:

• Noma nini lapho umbono ukhubazeka, futhi isizathu akusikho ukungabi khona kwezingilazi ezifanele;
• Abantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 ubudala, ngoba izifo ezithinta ulwelwesi zivame kakhulu kusukela kule minyaka;
• Abantu abanezifo ezingadala umonakalo ku-retina, njenge-hypertension, isifo sikashukela noma izifo ze-rheumatological;
• Abantu abane-myopia, njengoba kuyisimo lapho i-retina iba ntekenteke khona futhi ithande ukuvela kwezilonda okuthi, lapho zishiywa zingalashwa, zingaholela ekuhlukanisweni kwe-retina;
• Lapho kusetshenziswa imithi ethathwa njenginobuthi ku-retina, njengeChloroquine, Chlorpromazine, Tamoxifen noma i-Isotretinoin, isibonelo;
• Esikhathini sokuhlinzwa sokuhlinzwa kwamehlo, njengokuhlinzwa okukhiphayo noma okwe-cataract;
• Umndeni noma umlando womuntu weqembu le-retinal;
• Ngemuva kokuhlukumezeka noma ukulimala kwamehlo;
• Noma nini, ngesikhathi sokubonisana okujwayelekile, kwenziwa noma yiziphi izikhalazo ezihlobene nokushintshwa kwamehlo kwangaphakathi;
• Ezinganeni ezizalwe kumaviki angama-32 noma ngaphansi, ezinesisindo esingu-1500 g noma ngaphansi, ngoba kungahle kube nokubuyiselwa kwengqondo kokungakhuli kuqala.

Ngakho-ke, ngemephu ye-retinal, kungenzeka ukuthi kutholakale kusenesikhathi izinguquko ezinkulu ku-retina noma izifo zamehlo ngokujwayelekile, ukuze ukwelashwa kwenziwe ngokushesha, kugwenywe izinkinga, njengokulahleka kombono.