Ukwelashwa Kwe-Osteoarthritis

-Delile

• Izindlela zokuphila zokwelashwa kwe-osteoarthritis
• Ukuzivocavoca umzimba
• Ukudla
• Phumula
• Kubanda nokushisa
• Imithi engaphezulu kwekhawunta ye-osteoarthritis
• I-Acetaminophen
• Izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala
• Imithi yezihloko
• Imithi kadokotela ye-osteoarthritis
• Ama-Corticosteroids
• Ama-NSAID kadokotela
• Izidakamizwa
• Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha i-osteoarthritis
• Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-osteoarthritis
• Ukubuyiselwa ngokuhlanganyela
• Ukuguqulwa kwamathambo
• Ukuhlanganiswa kwamathambo
• Ukuhlinzwa kwe-arthroscopic
• Ukuthatha

Ukwelashwa kwe-osteoarthritis

I-Osteoarthritis (OA) idalwa wukucekelwa phansi kwe-cartilage. Lokhu kuholela ezimpawu ezifana:

• ubuhlungu
• ukuvuvukala
• ukuqina

Ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kwe-OA kuzoya ngezimpawu zakho. Kuzoncika futhi kwizidingo zakho nobukhali be-OA yakho ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa.

Odokotela abaningi baqala ukwelashwa nge-OA ngezinketho ezilula, ezingezona ezokuhlasela. "Okungahlaseli" kusho ukuthi ukwelashwa ngeke kubandakanye ukufaka noma yini emzimbeni

Kodwa-ke, ungadinga ukwelashwa okuqinile uma izimpawu zakho zingalawuleki ngezinguquko zendlela yokuphila kanye nemithi. Kwabanye abantu, ukuhlinzwa (ukwelashwa okungafuneki) kungaba yindlela engcono kakhulu yokuphatha izimpawu ze-OA enamandla.

Izindlela zokuphila zokwelashwa kwe-osteoarthritis

Abantu abaningi bangasiza ukulawula izimpawu zabo ze-OA ngokushintsha okuyisisekelo kwendlela yokuphila. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi ngabe lezi zinketho zingakulungela yini.

Ukuzivocavoca umzimba

Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kungadlala indima enkulu ekwehliseni ubuhlungu obuza ne-OA. Indlela yokuphila esebenzayo ingakusiza:

• gcina amalunga omzimba aphilile
• qeda ukuqina
• ukunciphisa ubuhlungu nokukhathala
• ukwandisa imisipha namandla amathambo
• thuthukisa ibhalansi ukuvimbela ukuwa

Abantu abane-OA kufanele banamathele ekuzivocavoca umzimba okunomthelela omncane. Kubalulekile ukuyeka ukuzivocavoca umzimba uma uqala ukuzwa noma yibuphi ubuhlungu obusha noma obukhuphukile bamalunga. Noma imiphi iminyango ehlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora ambalwa ngemuva kokuqeda ukuzivocavoca kusho ukuthi mhlawumbe wenze kakhulu.

Isibonelo, ungacabanga ngokuzivocavoca emanzini, okubhekwa njengokufanelekile kubantu abane-OA. Kunesisindo esincane, ngakho-ke kuthambile emajoyintini akho. Futhi, ukuzivocavoca emanzini afudumele kwandisa ukugeleza kwegazi kuya emajoyintini akho, okuletha izakhamzimba kanye namaprotheni abalulekile ekulungiseni izicubu ezilimele.

Uma kukhulunywa nge-OA, ukuzivocavoca umzimba akuyona nje isimo se-aerobic. Udinga futhi ukusebenza ngamandla nokwelula ukuxhasa amalunga akho nokugcina ukuguquguquka kwakho.

Ukudla

Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo kunganciphisa ukucindezeleka kumajoyini. Uma ukhuluphele ngokweqile noma ukhuluphele, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokuthi unganciphisa kanjani isisindo ngokuphepha. Ukwehla kwesisindo kungasiza ngobuhlungu be-OA, ikakhulukazi i-OA yamadolo. Kunganciphisa nokuvuvukala emzimbeni.

Ukudla okunempilo kungakusiza nokuthi uthole izakhamzimba ezibalulekile ezinganciphisa ukuvuvukala futhi kunganciphisa ukukhula kwesifo samathambo.

Phumula

Uma amalunga akho evuvukile futhi enobuhlungu, mnike ikhefu. Zama ukugwema ukusebenzisa ilunga elivuvukele amahora ayi-12 kuye kwangama-24 ukuvumela ukuvuvukala kwehle. Kungumqondo omuhle futhi ukulala ngokwanele. Ukukhathala kungakhuphula ukuqonda kwakho ubuhlungu.

Kubanda nokushisa

Kokubili ukushisa nokushisa kungasiza ekwelapheni izimpawu ze-OA. Ukufaka iqhwa endaweni ebuhlungu imizuzu engama-20 kusiza ukukhawulela imithambo yegazi. Lokhu kunciphisa uketshezi kwezicubu futhi kunciphisa ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu. Ungaphinda ukwelashwa kabili noma kathathu ngosuku.

Isikhwama semifino efriziwe senza iphakethe elikhulu leqhwa. Vele uqiniseke ukuthi ugoqa noma yiliphi iphakethe leqhwa olisebenzisa kusikibha noma ithawula. Ngaphandle kwalokho, amakhaza angalimaza noma alimaze isikhumba sakho.

Ungenza iphethini efanayo yokwelashwa yemizuzu engama-20 ngebhodlela lamanzi ashisayo noma ngephedi yokushisa. Zombili zingatholakala esitolo sezidakamizwa sangakini. Ukushisa kuvula imithambo yegazi kukhuphule nokujikeleza kwegazi, okusizile njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili ekulungiseni izicubu ezilimele. Ukushisa nakho kuhle ekusizeni ngokuqina.

Ungathola ukukhululeka ngokubanda nokushisa. Zama ukubona ukuthi yini okusebenzela kangcono kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, gcina ukusetshenziswa kwakho kungabi ngaphezu kwemizuzu engama-20 ngesikhathi. Bese unikeza umzimba wakho ikhefu.

Imithi engaphezulu kwekhawunta ye-osteoarthritis

Izinhlobo eziningi zemithi ye-over-the-counter (OTC) ingasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu ze-OA. Kodwa-ke, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemithi zinemiphumela ehlukile. Kubalulekile ukukhetha imithi efanele ukusiza ngezimpawu zakho.

I-Acetaminophen

I-Acetaminophen (iTylenol) iyinhlungu ye-OTC. Yehlisa ubuhlungu, kepha hhayi ukuvuvukala. Ukuthatha kakhulu kungadala ukulimala kwesibindi.

Izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala

Izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala (ama-NSAID) ezingasiza ekulweni nezimpawu eziningi ze-OA. Njengoba kushiwo ngamagama abo, banciphisa ukuvuvukala. Basiza nangezinhlungu. Ama-OSA NSAID afaka:

• i-aspirin (iBufferin)
• ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, Nuprin)
• I-naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn)

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ama-NSAID angadala imiphumela emibi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kungafaka:

• izinkinga zesisu
• isifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi
• kukhala ezindlebeni
• ukulimala kwesibindi
• ukulimala kwezinso
• izinkinga zokopha

Ukusebenzisa i-NSAID yesihloko (eyodwa esetshenziswe esikhumbeni sakho) kunganciphisa ubungozi bale miphumela emibi, njengoba umuthi omncane ujikeleza emzimbeni.

Imithi yezihloko

Kukhona okhilimu nama-gel ahlukahlukene angasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu be-OA. Lokhu kungaqukatha izithako ezisebenzayo ezifana ne-menthol (Bengay, Stopain) noma i-capsaicin (iCapzasin, iZostrix). ICapsaicin iyinto eyenza upelepele oshisayo “ushise.”

I-Diclofenac, i-NSAID, iza ifomu le-gel (i-Voltaren gel) noma isisombululo (i-Pennsaid), edinga incwadi kadokotela.

Imithi kadokotela ye-osteoarthritis

Kwabanye abantu abane-OA, amaphilisi ezinhlungu e-OTC awasizi ngokwanele. Ungadinga imishanguzo kadokotela uma izimpawu ziqala ukuthinta ikhwalithi yakho yokuphila. Ukuphatha ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala kungakusiza wenze imisebenzi ejwayelekile, yansuku zonke.

Ama-Corticosteroids

ICorticosteroids inciphisa ukuvuvukala, okunciphisa ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu emajoyintini. Kwi-OA, ama-corticosteroids ngokuvamile anikezwa ngomjovo, ngakho-ke kufanele anikezwe kuphela udokotela onolwazi futhi asetshenziswe ngokuhlakanipha ukugwema izinkinga nemiphumela emibi.

Imijovo ye-Corticosteroid ingadingeka kuphela kanye ukuze kusizakale. Kodwa-ke, banganikezwa kathathu noma kane ngonyaka uma kudingeka.

Njengamanje, i-triamcinolone acetonide (iZilretta) ukuphela kwe-corticosteroid evunyelwe yi-FDA yokwelapha i-osteoarthritis yamadolo. Lesi sidakamizwa esinegama lomkhiqizo sibiza kakhulu kune-generic triamcinolone acetonide, etholakala kwezinye izinhlobo ze-OA.

Ama-NSAID kadokotela

Ama-NSAID kadokotela enza into efanayo nama-OTC NSAID. Kodwa-ke, ayatholakala ngemithamo eqinile esebenza isikhathi eside. Ama-NSAID kadokotela afaka:

• celecoxib (Celebrex)
• i-piroxicam (Feldene)
• kadokotela-amandla ibuprofen kanye naproxen
• lindokuhle

Ama-NSAID kadokotela kwesinye isikhathi angadala imiphumela emibi engathandeki. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi unganciphisa kanjani ubungozi bakho.

Izidakamizwa

Amaphilisi ezinhlungu aqinile anganikeza ukukhululeka ebuhlungwini obunzima, kodwa kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi nawo anamandla okudala ukuluthwa, futhi awanconywa ukwelapha i-OA. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• ikhodi
• i-meperidine (Demerol)
• morphine
• i-oxycodone (OxyContin)
• I-propoxyphene (Darvon)
• i-tramadol (Ultram)

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha i-osteoarthritis

Ngaphezu kwezidakamizwa nokuhlinzwa, ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ze-OA ziyatholakala. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zihlose ukubuyisela ukusebenza okufanele emajoyintini akho.

Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba

Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kungaba wusizo kwabanye abantu abane-OA. Kungasiza:

• thuthukisa amandla emisipha
• khulisa ububanzi bokunyakaza kwamalunga aqinile
• ukunciphisa ubuhlungu
• thuthukisa ukuhamba nokulinganisela

Udokotela ongokomzimba angakusiza ukuthi uthuthukise uhlobo lokuzivocavoca oluhambisana nezidingo zakho. Abelaphi bomzimba bangakusiza ngamadivayisi okusiza afana nalawa:

• izingcezu
• izinsimbi

Lokhu kunganikeza ukusekelwa kumalunga abuthakathaka. Bangasusa ingcindezi emathanjeni alimele futhi banciphise ubuhlungu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, owelapha ngokomzimba angakhombisa ukuthi uzisebenzisa kanjani izinduku noma ama-walkers. Bangase futhi bazame ukuthinta izingxenye zamadolo, njenge-patella, ukunciphisa izinhlungu zamadolo kwabanye abantu.

Ukuhlinzwa kwe-osteoarthritis

Izimo ezinzima ze-OA zingadinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze kufakwe noma kulungiswe amalunga omzimba awonakele. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuhlinzwa nezinhlobo zokufakelwa ezisetshenziswe ku-OA.

Ukubuyiselwa ngokuhlanganyela

Uma kudingeka ukuhlinzwa kwe-OA, ukufaka okuhlanganyelwe ngokuvamile kuyindlela engcono kakhulu. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kubantu asebekhulile, ngoba akunakwenzeka ukuthi badinge ukuphindiselwa okwesibili.

Ukuhlinzwa okuhlanganyelwe okuhlanganyelwe kwaziwa nangokuthi i-arthroplasty. Le nqubo isusa indawo ehlanganisiwe eyonakele emzimbeni bese iyifaka esikhundleni sezinto zokufakelwa ezenziwe ngepulasitiki noma ngensimbi. Ukushintshwa kwe-Hip namadolo yizinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zokushintshwa ngokuhlanganyela. Kodwa-ke, amanye amalunga angashintshwa, kufaka phakathi amahlombe, izindololwane, iminwe namaqakala.

Amalunga wokufakelwa angahlala amashumi amabili eminyaka noma ngaphezulu. Kodwa-ke, isikhathi sokuphindisela indawo ngokuhlanganyela sincike ekutheni lelojoyinti lisetshenziswa kanjani nokuthi izicubu ezisekelayo ziqine kangakanani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ukuguqulwa kwamathambo

I-Osteotomy uhlobo lokuhlinzwa olusetshenziselwa ukulungisa amathambo alimale yisifo samathambo. Lokhu kudambisa ukucindezeleka engxenyeni eyonakele yethambo noma yelungu. I-osteotomy ivame ukwenziwa kuphela kubantu abasebasha abane-OA, okungekho esikhundleni sabo ukujoyina okungathandeki.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwamathambo

Amathambo ejoyintini angahlanganiswa unomphela ukukhulisa ukuzinza okuhlangene nokunciphisa izinhlungu.

Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukuholela ekulinganisweni okulinganiselwe noma okungekho ukunyakaza kokujoyina. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezibucayi ze-OA, kungaba yindlela engcono kakhulu yokuqeda izinhlungu ezingapheli neziqeda amandla.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwamathambo kwaziwa nangokuthi i-arthrodesis.

Ukuhlinzwa kwe-arthroscopic

Kule nqubo, udokotela ohlinzayo usika uqwanga oludabukile nolonakele ohlangothini. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokusetshenziswa kwe-arthroscope. I-arthroscope iyikhamera encane ekugcineni kweshubhu. Ivumela odokotela ukuthi babone ukuhlangana kwamadolo ngenkathi benza izinqubo kujoyini. I-arthroscopy nayo ingasetshenziswa ukususa ama-bone spurs.

Esikhathini esedlule, lokhu bekungukuhlinzwa okudumile ukwelapha i-osteoarthritis yamadolo. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi i-arthroscopy ayisebenzi kakhulu ekwelapheni ubuhlungu besikhathi eside kunemithi noma ukwelashwa ngokomzimba.

Ukuthatha

Izinketho eziningi ziyatholakala ekwelapheni i-osteoarthritis. Uma une-OA, sebenzisana nodokotela ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okufanele.