Kungani Inyama Yami Yanyamalala futhi Yini Okufanele Ngiyenze?

-Delile

• Yini okufanele uyibuke kuma-moles
• Lapho uzobona udokotela wakho
• Uma udokotela wakho ethola okuthile okusolisayo
• Kwenzekani ngokulandelayo
• Uma kutholakala i-melanoma
• Q:
• A:
• Ungasivikela kanjani isikhumba sakho

Ingabe lokhu kuyisizathu sokukhathazeka?

Uma uzithola wenza ukuthatha kabili, ungesabi. Akuyona into engavamile ukuthi izinsumpa zinyamalale zingalandelwanga. Akufanele kube okuphathelene ngaphandle kokuthi udokotela wakho ngaphambilini amake imvukuzane okukhulunywa ngayo njengenkinga.

Uma udokotela wakho ebekhathazeka ngemvukuzane, kufanele uhlele i-aphoyintimenti yokuhlola indawo. Bangakwazi ukunquma ukuthi ngabe kunesizathu sokusola imbangela eyimbangela noma uma kungekho lutho okufanele luphawulwe.

Yize ama-moles wanoma yiluphi uhlobo angafika adlule, ama-halo moles ayaziwa ukuthi ayaphela enkambisweni yeminyaka. Inqubo yokunyamalala iqala lapho kuvela indandatho emhlophe, emhlophe ezungeze imvukuzane. Imvukuzane ibuye inyamalale kancane, ishiye indawo enesikhumba esincane ngemuva. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isikhumba esinemibala ekhanyayo sizoba nombala kakhulu. Kufanele ekugcineni ihlangane nesikhumba esizungezile.

Qhubeka ufunde ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nokuthi yini okufanele uyibukele, ukuthi isikhumba sakho sihlolwa kanjani, nokuningi.

Yini okufanele uyibuke kuma-moles

Ama-mo-run-of-the-moles angahluka ngokubukeka. Isibonelo, amaningi anombala onsundu noma omnyama, kepha angavela futhi ngokusobala, ngombala obomvana, noma obomvu. Ezinye izinsumpa ziyindilinga ngokuphelele, kanti ezinye azilingani kancane. Futhi akuzona zonke izinsumpa ezinamathela esikhunjeni. Ezinye zingaba flat.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ama-moles wakho abukeka kanjani ukuze ukwazi ukubona ukuthi ayashintsha ekubukeni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ngokuvamile, ama-moles ayakhula futhi akhule ngesikhathi sobuntwana bakho kanye neminyaka yobusha. Iningi labantu lithuthukisa ama-moles ayi-10 kuye kwangama-40 emzimbeni wabo lapho befika ebudaleni. Izimvukuzane ezivela ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi kufanele ziqashelwe kakhulu izinguquko.

Noma yiluphi ushintsho emvukuzaneni kungaba uphawu lwe-melanoma, uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba. Yize ukunyamalala kwemvukuzane kungabi yisizathu sokukhathazeka, kufanele ubone udokotela wakho uma imvukuzane okukhulunywa ngayo ibinokungahambi kahle ngaphambi kokuba iphele. Lokhu kufaka:

• izinguquko ekubukekeni
• ukuzwa uthambile ekuthinteni
• ukopha
• kucima
• ukulunywa
• ukuqhuma

Ungakuthola kuwusizo ukusebenzisa umthetho we "ABCDE" lapho ubheka izinguquko. Ngaphansi kwalesi siqondiso, kufanele ubone udokotela wakho uma kukhona izinguquko ezicini zemvukuzane. I-ABCDE ibhekisa ku:

• Aukulinganisa, noma uma uhlangothi olulodwa lwemvukuzane lungafani nolunye
• Bukuhleleka
• Ci-olor
• UDiameter, ikakhulukazi uma imvukuzane iba nkulu kunokusula ipensela
• Eubukhulu bokuzungeza, ukuma, noma umbala

Lapho uzobona udokotela wakho

Uma imvukuzane yakho ikhombisa noma yiziphi izimpawu zokuxwayisa ngaphambi kokunyamalala kwayo, hlela i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho. Kufanele ufike nemininingwane ethile mayelana nezinguquko esikhunjeni sakho.

Udokotela wakho uzokubuza mayelana nezimpawu zakho nomlando wakho wezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuhlola indawo. Uma ukuhlolwa kokuxilongwa kungadingeki, i-aphoyintimenti kufanele ithathe kuphela imizuzu engaba ngu-15.

Uma udokotela wakho ethola okuthile okusolisayo

Uma udokotela wakho ecabanga ukuthi imvukuzane noma indawo yesikhumba iyasoleka, bangancoma i-biopsy. Phakathi nale nqubo, udokotela wakho ususa isampula elincane lesikhumba endaweni ethintekile. Ngemuva kwalokho, babukeza isampula ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ukuthola ukuthi akhona yini amaseli amabi.

Udokotela wakho futhi angakhetha ukuzwa ama-lymph node wakho njengengxenye yokuhlolwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umdlavuza uvame ukusakazeka kuzindlala eziseduze. Ama-lymph node akhulisiwe noma amathenda angaba uphawu lokuthi udokotela wakho udinga ukubhekisisa.

Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho angakhetha ukweqa i-biopsy bese ukhetha isikhathi sokubuka. Bangathatha isithombe semvukuzane noma bakucele ukuthi usibheke kuze kufike isikhathi sakho esilandelayo. Uma kwenzeka ezinye izinguquko, bazoqhubekela phambili ngokuhlola.

Kwenzekani ngokulandelayo

Uma udokotela wakho engatholi lutho olubi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwesikhumba sakho, ukwelashwa akudingekile. Kusamele ubheke noma yiluphi ushintsho kwimvukuzane bese ubuyisela ukuhlolwa kwakho okuhleliwe okulandelayo.

Uma imiphumela ye-biopsy yakho ikhombisa i-melanoma, udokotela wakho uzosebenzisana nawe ukuthola ukuthi yini elandelayo. Lokhu kungasho inqubo elula yokususa imvukuzane ehhovisi labo noma ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo ukuthola ubunzima be-melanoma nokusabalala.

Uma kutholakala i-melanoma

Q:

Kwenzekani uma kutholakala ukuthi ngine-melanoma? Uyini umbono wami?

A:

Uma kutholakala, uzothola ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwesikhumba nokwenyama. Kungabuye kudingeke ukuthi uhlinzwe, obizwa nge-sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB), ukusiza ukufaka i-melanoma. Isiteji sizotshela udokotela ukuthi umdlavuza usukhule kangakanani waba yisikhumba. Lapho i-melanoma isakazeka, ivame ukuya ku-lymph node eseduzane. Ezinye izivivinyo ezinga-odwa zifaka ama-X-ray, umsebenzi wegazi, kanye ne-CT scan.

Ukwazi ukuthi i-melanoma yakho ithuthuke kangakanani kuzosiza udokotela wakho ukuthi anqume uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa nokuthi ngabe ubona iqembu lochwepheshe bezokwelapha, kufaka phakathi i-oncologist (udokotela ogxile kumdlavuza).

Inhloso yokwelashwa ukususa wonke umdlavuza. Uma umdlavuza utholakale kusenesikhathi, ukuhlinzwa kungaba ukuphela kwelashwa okudingekayo. Imvamisa kungenziwa ngudokotela okuxilonge. Bangakwenza ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwehhovisi ngenkathi uphapheme. Uma wonke umdlavuza ususiwe, kungasho ukuthi usulaphekile.

Uma i-melanoma isakaze, uhlelo lwakho lwezokwelapha lungafaka ukwelashwa okungaphezu kweyodwa, njengemithi yokunciphisa isimila nokuhlinzwa ukuze ususe ama-lymph node. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa esibhedlela ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia.

Ngemuva kokwelashwa, kubalulekile ukuthi ube nokuhlolwa njalo. Kufanele wenze izivivinyo zesikhumba sakho impilo yakho yonke.

Ungasivikela kanjani isikhumba sakho

Ukuvikela isikhumba sakho emisebeni yelanga eyingozi ye-ultraviolet kunganciphisa ubungozi bakho be-melanoma nezinye izimo zesikhumba. Zama lezi zeluleko:

• Khetha i-sunscreen ebanzi ebanzi nge-SPF noma i-30 noma ngaphezulu.
• Qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa i-sunscreen eyodwa eyenzelwe ukumboza ubuso nenye eyenzelwe ukuvikela wonke umzimba wakho. Isikhumba ebusweni bakho sibucayi kakhulu, ngakho-ke kudingeka izinga elihlukile lokuvikela.
• Faka i-sunscreen njalo ekuseni, kungakhathalekile ukuthi sinjani isimo sezulu noma isikhathi sonyaka. Imisebe yelanga isashaya isikhumba sakho noma ngabe liguqubele, lina, noma kubanda ngokulumayo.
• Qiniseka ukuthi usebenzise inani elikhululekile lesikrini selanga kunoma yiziphi izimvukuzane.
• Uma ungaphandle, qaphela ukufaka kabusha isikrini selanga njalo emahoreni amabili.
• Faka isicelo sokuzivikela elangeni ngokushesha ngemuva kokubhukuda noma wenze noma yiziphi izinto eziqinisa umfutho ezibangela ukuthi ujuluke.