Ukwelashwa Kokusetshenziswa Kokungafanele Kwe-Opioid kanye Nomlutha

-Delile

• Isifinyezo
• Yini ama-opioid?
• Kuyini ukusetshenziswa kabi kwe-opioid nokulutha?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelashwa zokusebenzisa kabi i-opioid nokulutha?
• Yimiphi imithi ephatha ukusetshenziswa kabi kwe-opioid nokulutha?
• Ukwelulekwa kukuphatha kanjani ukusetshenziswa kabi kwe-opioid nokulutha?
• Yikuphi ukwelashwa okuhlala nasezibhedlela kokusetshenziswa kabi kwe-opioid nokulutha?

Isifinyezo

Yini ama-opioid?

Ama-opioid, kwesinye isikhathi abizwa ngokuthi ama-narcotic, awuhlobo lomuthi. Kubandakanya ukudambisa izinhlungu okuqinile kadokotela, njenge-oxycodone, i-hydrocodone, i-fentanyl, ne-tramadol. Iheroin yezidakamizwa engekho emthethweni nayo iyi-opioid.

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angakunika i-opioid kadokotela ukunciphisa izinhlungu ngemuva kokulimala noma ukuhlinzwa okukhulu. Ungabathola uma unezinhlungu ezinzima ezivela ezimeni zezempilo njengomdlavuza. Abanye abahlinzeki bezempilo babanikeza izinhlungu ezingapheli.

Ama-opioid kadokotela asetshenziselwa ukudambisa izinhlungu ngokuvamile aphephile uma ethathwa isikhashana futhi njengoba kuchazwe umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kabi kwe-opioid nokulutha kuseseyingozi engaba khona.

Kuyini ukusetshenziswa kabi kwe-opioid nokulutha?

Ukusetshenziswa kabi kwe-opioid kusho ukuthi awuyiphuzi imithi ngokwemiyalo yomhlinzeki wakho, uyisebenzisela ukukhuphuka, noma uthatha ama-opioid womunye umuntu. Umlutha yisifo esingalapheki sobuchopho. Kukubangela ukuthi uphoqelele ukufuna izidakamizwa yize zikulimaza.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelashwa zokusebenzisa kabi i-opioid nokulutha?

Ukwelashwa kokusebenzisa kabi i-opioid nokulutha kungafaka

• Imithi
• Ukwelulekwa nokwelashwa kokuziphatha
• Ukwelashwa okusizwa ngemithi (i-MAT), okubandakanya imithi, ukwelulekwa ngokwengqondo, kanye nokwelashwa kokuziphatha. Lokhu kunikeza "ukwelashwa okuphelele kwesiguli", okungakhuphula amathuba akho okululama ngempumelelo.
• Ukwelashwa kokuhlala kanye nokwelashwa esibhedlela

Yimiphi imithi ephatha ukusetshenziswa kabi kwe-opioid nokulutha?

Imithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukusetshenziswa kabi kwe-opioid nokulutha yi-methadone, i-buprenorphine, ne-naltrexone.

I-Methadone futhi buprenorphine inganciphisa izimpawu zokuhoxa kanye nezifiso. Basebenza ngokusebenza kokuqondiwe okufanayo ebuchosheni njengamanye ama-opioid, kepha akwenzi uzizwe uphakeme. Abanye abantu bakhathazeka ngokuthi uma bethatha i-methadone noma i-buprenorphine, kusho ukuthi bathathela omunye umlutha omunye. Kepha akunjalo; le mithi iyindlela yokwelapha. Babuyisela ibhalansi ezingxenyeni zobuchopho ezithintekile ukulutha. Lokhu kuvumela ubuchopho bakho ukuthi buphulukise ngenkathi usebenzela ukutakula.

Kukhona nomuthi ohlangene ohlanganisa i-buprenorphine ne-naloxone. INaloxone isidakamizwa eselapha ukweqisa ngokweqile kwe-opioid. Uma uyithatha ihambisana ne-buprenorphine, ngeke ube nethuba elincane lokusebenzisa kabi i-buprenorphine.

Ungayithatha ngokuphepha le mithi izinyanga, iminyaka, noma impilo yonke. Uma ufuna ukuyeka ukuzithatha, ungazenzi wedwa.Kufanele uxhumane nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo kuqala, bese wenza uhlelo lokuma.

I-Naltrexone isebenza ngokwehlukile kune-methadone ne-buprenorphine. Akukusizi ngezimpawu zokuhoxa noma izifiso. Esikhundleni salokho, kususa okuphezulu obekuvame ukukuthola uma uthatha ama-opioid. Ngenxa yalokhu, ungathatha i-naltrexone ukuvimbela ukubuyela emuva, hhayi ukuzama ukuphuma kuma-opioid. Kufanele ucishe ama-opioid okungenani izinsuku eziyi-7-10 ngaphambi kokuthi uthathe i-naltrexone. Ngaphandle kwalokho ungaba nezimpawu ezimbi zokuhoxa.

Ukwelulekwa kukuphatha kanjani ukusetshenziswa kabi kwe-opioid nokulutha?

Ukwelulekwa ngokusetshenziswa kabi kwe-opioid nokulutha kungakusiza

• Shintsha isimo sakho sengqondo nokuziphatha kwakho okuhlobene nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa
• Yakha amakhono empilo enempilo
• Namathela kwezinye izindlela zokwelashwa, njengemithi

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokwelulekwa ukuphatha kabi i-opioid nokulutha, kufaka phakathi

• Ukwelulekwa komuntu ngamunye, okungabandakanya ukubeka izinhloso, ukukhuluma ngezingqinamba nokubungaza inqubekela phambili. Ungase futhi ukhulume ngezinkinga zomthetho nezinkinga zomndeni. Ukwelulekwa kwengqondo kuvame ukufaka izindlela ezithile zokwelapha, njenge
• Ukwelashwa kwengqondo yokuziphatha (CBT) ikusiza ukuthi ubone futhi umise amaphethini amabi wokucabanga nokuziphatha. Kukufundisa amakhono okubhekana nezinkinga, kufaka phakathi ukuthi ungaphatha kanjani ukucindezeleka futhi ushintshe imicabango edala ukuthi usebenzise kabi ama-opioid.
• Ukwelashwa kokukhuthaza okukhuthazayo ikusiza ukuba wakhe ugqozi lokunamathela kuhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa
• Ukuphathwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo igxile ekunikezeni izikhuthazo zokuziphatha okuhle njengokuhlala ngaphandle kwama-opioid
• Ukwelulekwa ngamaqembu, okungakusiza uzizwe ukuthi awuwedwa nezinkinga zakho. Uthola ithuba lokuzwa ngobunzima nempumelelo yabanye abanezinselelo ezifanayo. Lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi ufunde amasu amasha wokubhekana nezimo ongahlangabezana nazo.
• Ukwelulekwa komndeni / kufaka phakathi abalingani noma abashade nabo namanye amalungu omndeni asondelene nawe. Kungasiza ukulungisa nokuthuthukisa ubudlelwane bakho bomndeni.

Abeluleki bangakudlulisela kwezinye izinsizakusebenza ongazidinga, njenge

• Amaqembu wokusekela kontanga, kufaka phakathi izinhlelo eziyizinyathelo eziyi-12 ezifana neNarcotics Anonymous
• Amaqembu akamoya nokholo
• Ukuhlolelwa i-HIV kanye nokuhlolwa i-hepatitis
• Ukuphathwa kwamacala noma ukunakekelwa
• Ukuqashwa noma ukusekelwa kwezemfundo
• Izinhlangano ezikusiza ukuthi uthole izindlu noma izinto zokuhamba

Yikuphi ukwelashwa okuhlala nasezibhedlela kokusetshenziswa kabi kwe-opioid nokulutha?

Izinhlelo zokuhlala zihlanganisa izindlu nezinsizakalo zokwelashwa. Uhlala nontanga yakho, futhi niyakwazi ukwesekana ukuze niqhubeke nokululama. Izinhlelo ezisezigulini zesibhedlela zihlanganisa ukunakekelwa kwezempilo nezinsizakalo zokwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kubantu abanezinkinga zokwelashwa. Izibhedlela nazo zinganikeza ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo kweziguli. Zonke lezi zinhlobo zokwelashwa zakhiwe kahle, futhi imvamisa zifaka izinhlobo eziningi zokwelulekwa nezindlela zokuziphatha. Zibuye zifake nemithi.

• Ukuvuselelwa nokubuyiselwa emuva kokuncika kwe-Opioid