I-Pectus Excavatum

-Delile

• Izimpawu ze-pectus excavatum enzima
• Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa
• Inqubo yeRavitch
• Inqubo yeNuss
• Izinkinga zokuhlinzwa kwe-pectus excavatum
• Ekukhanyeni

I-Pectus excavatum yigama lesiLatini elisho “isifuba esinezimbobo.” Abantu abanalesi simo sokuzalwa banesifuba esicwilile ngokusobala. I-concave sternum, noma ithambo lesifuba, lingaba khona lapho kuzalwa. Ingakhula futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, imvamisa ngesikhathi sobusha. Amanye amagama ajwayelekile alesi simo afaka isifuba somgwedli, isifuba sefaneli, nesifuba esishonile.

Cishe amaphesenti angama-37 abantu abane-pectus excavatum nabo banezihlobo eziseduze nalesi simo. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi kungahle kube ngofuzo. I-Pectus excavatum iyidonga lesifuba esivame kakhulu ezinganeni.

Ezimweni ezinzima, kungaphazamisa ukusebenza kwenhliziyo namaphaphu. Ezimweni ezimnene, kungadala izinkinga zokuzibona ngokwakho. Ezinye iziguli ezikulesi simo zivame ukugwema izinto ezifana nokubhukuda ezenza ukufihla isimo kube nzima.

Izimpawu ze-pectus excavatum enzima

Iziguli ezine-pectus excavatum eqinile zingathola ukuphefumula nobuhlungu besifuba. Ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka ukudambisa ukungakhululeki futhi kuvimbele okungahambi kahle kwenhliziyo nokuphefumula.

Odokotela basebenzisa ama-X-ray esifubeni noma ama-CT scan ukwenza izithombe zezakhiwo zangaphakathi zesifuba. Lokhu kusiza ukukala ubukhulu begobile. Inkomba ye-Haller isilinganiso esilinganiselwe esisetshenziselwa ukubala ubunzima besimo.

Inkomba ye-Haller ibalwa ngokuhlukanisa ububanzi bezimbambo ngebanga ukusuka ku-sternum kuye emgogodleni. Inkomba ejwayelekile icishe ibe ngu-2,5. Inkomba engaphezulu kuka-3.25 ibhekwa njengokwenele ngokwanele ukugunyaza ukulungiswa kokuhlinzwa. Iziguli zinenketho yokungenzi lutho uma i-curvature imnene.

Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa

Ukuhlinzwa kungahle kuhlasele noma kuhlasele kancane, futhi kungafaka izinqubo ezilandelayo.

Inqubo yeRavitch

Inqubo yeRavitch iyindlela yokuhlinza engenayo eyaphayona ngasekupheleni kwawo-1940. Le nqubo ifaka ukuvula isifuba sesifuba ngokuqhekeka okubanzi okuvundlile. Izingxenye ezincane ze-cartilage yezimbambo ziyasuswa bese i-sternum isicaba.

Imivimbo, noma imigoqo yensimbi, ingafakwa ukuze kubambe uqwanga namathambo aguquliwe. Amapayipi abekwa ngapha nangapha kwesikhumba, futhi imbobo iyahlanganiswa. Ama-struts angasuswa, kepha ahloselwe ukuhlala endaweni unomphela. Izinkinga ngokuvamile zincane, futhi ukuhlala esibhedlela isikhathi esingaphansi kwesonto kuvamile.

Inqubo yeNuss

Inqubo yeNuss yasungulwa ngawo-1980. Kuyindlela encane yokuhlasela. Kubandakanya ukusika okumbili okuncane ngapha nangapha kwesifuba, ngaphansi kwezinga lezingono. Ukusikeka okuncane okwesithathu kuvumela odokotela ukuba bafake ikhamera encane, esetshenziselwa ukuqondisa ukufakwa kwensimbi egobile kamnandi. Ibha ijikelezwa ngakho-ke ijikela ngaphandle uma isendaweni ngaphansi kwamathambo kanye noqwanga lwentambo ephezulu. Lokhu kuphoqa i-sternum ngaphandle.

Ibha yesibili ingaxhunyaniswa iqondane neyokuqala ukusiza ukugcina ibha egobile endaweni. Ukuqhekeka kuvaliwe ngemithungo, futhi amapayipi esikhashana abekwa ezindaweni eziseduze noma eziseduze. Le ndlela ayidingi ukusikwa noma ukususwa kwe-cartilage noma ithambo.

Imigoqo yensimbi ijwayele ukususwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokugula iziguli cishe eminyakeni emibili ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kokuqala kweziguli ezisencane. Ngaleso sikhathi, ukulungiswa kulindeleke ukuthi kube unomphela. Amabha angeke asuswe iminyaka emithathu kuya kwemihlanu noma angashiywa endaweni yawo ngokuphelele kubantu abadala. Inqubo izosebenza kahle ezinganeni, amathambo azo kanye noqwanga olusakhula.

Izinkinga zokuhlinzwa kwe-pectus excavatum

Ukulungiswa kokuhlinzwa kunenani lokuphumelela elihle kakhulu. Noma iyiphi inqubo yokuhlinzwa ihilela ubungozi, kufaka phakathi:

• ubuhlungu
• ingozi yokutheleleka
• kungenzeka ukuthi ukulungiswa kuzosebenza kancane kunokulindelekile

Izibazi azigwemeki, kepha zincane ngokwenqubo yeNuss.

Kukhona ingozi ye-thoracic dystrophy ngenqubo yeRavitch, engaholela ezinkingeni zokuphefumula ezinzima kakhulu. Ukwehlisa le ngozi, ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukubambezeleka kuze kube ngemuva kweminyaka engu-8 ubudala.

Izinkinga azivamile ngokuhlinzwa, kepha ubunzima nobuningi bezinkinga cishe bulingana kubo bobabili.

Ekukhanyeni

Odokotela bahlola inqubo entsha: inqubo yamagnetic mini-mover. Le nqubo yokuhlola ihilela ukufaka uzibuthe onamandla ngaphakathi kodonga lwesifuba. Uzibuthe wesibili unamathiselwe ngaphandle kwesifuba. Omazibuthe bakhiqiza amandla anele okulungisa kabusha kancane kancane i-sternum nezimbambo, kubaphoqe ngaphandle. Uzibuthe wangaphandle ugqokwa njenge-brace ngenombolo enqunyiwe yamahora ngosuku.