Ukungalingani kwe-pH: Umzimba Wakho Uyigcina Kanjani Ibhalansi Ye-Acid-Base

-Delile

• Amaphaphu nezinso zigcina kanjani ibhalansi ye-pH
• ukuphazamiseka kokulinganisela kwe-pH
• Izinhlobo ze-acidosis
• I-acidosis yokuphefumula
• I-Metabolic acidosis
• Izinhlobo ze-alkalosis
• I-alkalosis yokuphefumula
• I-alkalosis yomzimba
• Batholakala kanjani?
• Ukwelapha ukungalingani kwe-pH
• Umbono

Kuyini ibhalansi ye-pH?

Ibhalansi ye-pH yomzimba wakho, ebizwa nangokuthi i-acid-base balance yayo, yizinga lama-acid nezisekelo ezisegazini lakho lapho umzimba wakho usebenza kahle khona.

Umzimba womuntu wakhelwe ukugcina ngokwemvelo ibhalansi enempilo ye-acidity ne-alkalinity. Amaphaphu nezinso kudlala indima enkulu kule nqubo. Izinga elijwayelekile le-pH yegazi lingu-7.40 esikalini sika-0 kuye ku-14, lapho u-0 ene-esidi kakhulu kanti u-14 eyisisekelo kakhulu. Leli nani lingahluka kancane kunoma iyiphi inkomba.

Uma amaphaphu noma izinso zingasebenzi kahle, izinga le-pH yegazi lakho lingalingana. Ukuphazamiseka kubhalansi yakho ye-acid-base kungaholela ezimeni zezokwelapha ezaziwa njenge-acidosis ne-alkalosis. Zombili lezi zimo zidinga ukwelashwa kochwepheshe bezokwelapha, hhayi izinguquko zokudla kuphela.

Amaphaphu nezinso zigcina kanjani ibhalansi ye-pH

Amaphaphu alawula ibhalansi ye-pH yomzimba wakho ngokukhipha isikhutha.

I-Carbon dioxide iyinhlanganisela ene-asidi encane. Futhi kungumkhiqizo odoti okhiqizwa ngamaseli emzimbeni njengoba besebenzisa i-oxygen. Amaseli awukhipha ungene egazini lakho, bese uyiswa emaphashini akho.

Uma ukhipha, ukhipha leyo carbon dioxide, inqubo esiza futhi ukulawula ibhalansi ye-pH yomzimba wakho ngokunciphisa i-asidi.

Inani le-carbon dioxide olikhipha lingumsebenzi wokuthi uhogela noma ukhipha ngokujulile kangakanani. Ubuchopho bakho buhlala buqaphe lokhu ukuze kugcinwe ibhalansi ye-pH efanele emzimbeni wakho.

Izinso zisiza amaphaphu agcine ibhalansi ye-acid-base ngokukhipha ama-acid noma izisekelo egazini. Umphumela wezinso ku-asidi usebenza kancane kakhulu kunalokho kwamaphaphu.

ukuphazamiseka kokulinganisela kwe-pH

Ukungalingani kwegazi le-pH kungaholela ezimweni ezimbili: i-acidosis ne-alkalosis.

I-Acidosis isho ukuba negazi eline-asidi kakhulu, noma i-pH yegazi engaphansi kuka-7.35. I-Alkalosis isho ukuba negazi okuyisisekelo kakhulu, noma i-pH yegazi ephezulu kuno-7.45.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-acidosis ne-alkalosis ngokuya ngesizathu esiyimbangela.

Lapho i-acidosis noma i-alkalosis ibangelwa ukuphazamiseka kwamaphaphu noma inkinga yokuphefumula, ibizwa ngokuthi "ukuphefumula." Lapho i-acidosis noma i-alkalosis ibangelwa inkinga ngokusebenza kwezinso, ibizwa ngokuthi yi "metabolic."

Izinhlobo ze-acidosis

I-acidosis yokuphefumula

I-acidosis yokuphefumula idalwa ukuthi amaphaphu akho angakwazi ukukhipha isikhutha esanele lapho uphuma. Lokhu kungenzeka lapho amaphaphu akho ethinteka yisifo noma esinye isifo.

Ezinye izimo ezingaholela ekuphefumuleni i-acidosis zibandakanya:

• isifuba somoya
• emphysema
• inyumoniya (enzima)

I-acidosis yokuphefumula nayo ingabangelwa ukuthatha izidakamizwa noma imishanguzo yokulala. Ukuphazamiseka kwesistimu yezinzwa nobuchopho okudala izinkinga zokuphefumula nakho kungaholela ekuphefumuleni i-acidosis.

Izimpawu eziyinhloko zokuphefumula i-acidosis yilezi:

• ukulala ngokweqile
• ukukhathala
• ukudideka
• ikhanda

Uma ishiywe ingalashwa, i-acidosis yokuphefumula ingaba nzima futhi iholele ekuqulekeni noma ekufeni.

I-Metabolic acidosis

I-Metabolic acidosis iyinqwaba ye-asidi emzimbeni evela ezinso. Kwenzeka lapho umzimba wakho ungakwazi ukususa i-asidi eyeqile noma ulahlekelwe isisekelo esiningi kakhulu. Izimbangela ezithile zifaka:

• ukuba ne-bicarbonate encane kakhulu ye-sodium egazini lakho, inkinga engaba khona yokuhlanza okukhulu noma isifo sohudo
• inqwaba yamaketoni ngenxa yokushoda kwe-insulin, isimo esaziwa njenge-ketoacidosis abantu abanesifo sikashukela ababhekana naso
• inqwaba ye-lactic acid, inkinga engaba khona yokusebenzisa kabi utshwala, umdlavuza nokuquleka
• ukwehluleka kwezinso ukukhipha i-asidi egazini, eyaziwa nge-renal tubular acidosis

I-metabolic acidosis nayo ingabangelwa ukufaka izinto ezithile, njenge:

• i-methanol
• i-antifreeze
• i-aspirin (ngemithamo emikhulu)

Izimpawu ze-metabolic acidosis zingafaka isicanucanu, ukuhlanza nokukhathala ngokweqile.

Njengase-acidosis yokuphefumula, i-metabolic acidosis ingaholela ku-coma noma ekufeni uma ishiywe ingalashwa.

Izinhlobo ze-alkalosis

I-alkalosis yokuphefumula

I-alkalosis yokuphefumula yilapho kune-carbon dioxide encane kakhulu egazini lakho. Izimbangela ze-alkalosis yokuphefumula zibandakanya ukuphefumula ngokweqile ngenxa yokukhathazeka, ukudlula ngokweqile kwe-aspirin, umkhuhlane omkhulu, futhi mhlawumbe nobuhlungu.

Izimpawu ze-alkalosis yokuphefumula ziyisisindo semisipha nokuxubha. Ungase futhi uqaphele ukugcotshwa kweminwe yakho, izinzwane, nezindebe, kanye nokucasuka.

I-alkalosis yomzimba

I-alkalosis ye-Metabolic yenzeka lapho amazinga e-bicarbonate egazini lakho ephakeme kakhulu noma umzimba wakho ulahlekelwa yi-asidi eningi. Kungalethwa isikhathi eside sokuhlanza, ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwezidakamizwa, noma i-adrenal gland esebenzayo.

Ezinye izimo ezingaholela ku-alkalosis ye-metabolic ukulimala kwezinso okubangelwa ukulahlekelwa okukhulu ketshezi noma ukungena kwenani elikhulu le-baking soda.

Izimpawu ze-alkalosis ye-metabolic ziyefana nalezi ezixoxwe ngenhla ze-alkalosis yokuphefumula.

Batholakala kanjani?

Uma ucabanga ukuthi unokungalingani kwe-pH, kubalulekile ukuthi ufune usizo lwezempilo ngokushesha. Ngaphezu kokuthatha umlando wakho wezokwelapha, udokotela uzosebenzisa izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene zegazi nomchamo ukuthola imbangela eyimbangela yokungalingani kwe-pH yakho.

Ukuhlolwa okungenzeka kufaka:

• igesi emithanjeni yegazi ukubheka amazinga e-oxygen ne-carbon dioxide negazi pH
• iphaneli eyisisekelo yemetabolic ukuhlola ukusebenza kwezinso namazinga ezakhamzimba
• i-urinalysis ukuhlola ukuqedwa okufanele kwama-acid nezisekelo
• umchamo we-pH test level ukukala i-alkalinity ne-acidity yomchamo

Kodwa-ke, ngokuya ngezimpawu zakho nolunye ulwazi udokotela wakho aluqoqayo, kungenziwa ezinye izivivinyo. Uma unesifo sikashukela, amazinga akho e-glucose namakhemikhali angahlolwa. Uma ufake i-ethylene glycol noma i-methylene, ungahlolwa i-osmolality.

Ukwelapha ukungalingani kwe-pH

Ukwelashwa kokungalingani kwe-pH kuzohluka kakhulu ngokuya ngokuthi ngabe uhlangabezana ne-acidosis noma i-alkalosis, nokuthi imbangela iyini. Umgomo oyinhloko ukubuyisela izinga lakho le-acid-base kubhalansi enempilo.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Acidosis kungafaka:

• ngomlomo noma ngemithambo ye-sodium bicarbonate ukukhulisa igazi pH
• imishanguzo yokwehlisa umoya wakho
• umshini oqhubekayo wokucindezela umoya (CPAP) ukwenza lula ukuphefumula
• i-sodium citrate yokwelapha ukwehluleka kwezinso
• i-insulin noketshezi olufakwa emithanjeni ukwelapha i-ketoacidosis

Ukwelashwa kwe-alkalosis kungafaka:

• ukuphefumula okuphuzile uma imbangela eyinhloko i-hyperventilation
• ukwelashwa komoya-mpilo
• imithi yokubuyisa amazinga ezakhamzimba, njenge-chloride noma i-potassium
• uketshezi noma iziphuzo ze-electrolyte ukubuyisa ibhalansi ye-electrolyte

Umbono

Ibhalansi yakho ye-pH ibalulekile empilweni yakho, futhi ungathemba ukuthi umzimba wakho uhlonyelwe ukugcina leyo bhalansi yodwa. Kodwa-ke, uma udokotela wakho ethola ukuthi ibhalansi yakho iphelile ngokuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo, bazokwenza izivivinyo ezengeziwe ukuthola imbangela ngqo.

Lapho imbangela isitholakele, uzonikezwa uhlelo lokwelashwa ukuze ulungise futhi ubuyisele ibhalansi ye-pH yomzimba wakho emgqeni.