I-Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (i-PCOS): Izimpawu, Izimbangela, kanye Nokwelapha

-Delile

• Yini i-PCOS?
• Kubangelwa yini?
• Izakhi zofuzo
• Ukumelana ne-insulin
• Ukuvuvukala
• Izimpawu ezijwayelekile ze-PCOS
• I-PCOS iwuthinta kanjani umzimba wakho
• Ukungabi nenzalo
• I-Metabolic syndrome
• I-apnea yokulala
• Umdlavuza we-Endometrial
• Ukucindezeleka
• Ixilongwa kanjani i-PCOS
• Ukukhulelwa ne-PCOS
• Izeluleko zokudla nezindlela zokuphila zokwelapha i-PCOS
• Izindlela zokwelashwa ezivamile
• Ukulawulwa kokuzalwa
• I-Metformin
• Clomiphene
• Imithi yokususa izinwele
• Ukuhlinzwa
• Ukubonana nodokotela nini
• Okubalulekile

Isingeniso

I-Polycystic ovary syndrome (i-PCOS) yisimo esithinta amazinga ama-hormone wesifazane.

Abesifazane abane-PCOS bakhiqiza inani elingaphezu kokujwayelekile lamahomoni wesilisa. Lokhu kungalingani kwamahomoni kubenza beqe isikhathi sokuya esikhathini futhi kwenza kube nzima ukuthi bakhulelwe.

I-PCOS ibuye ibangele ukukhula kwezinwele ebusweni nasemzimbeni, kanye nempandla. Futhi kungaba nomthelela ezinkingeni zezempilo zesikhathi eside njengesifo sikashukela nesifo senhliziyo.

Amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha kanye nezidakamizwa zesifo sikashukela kungasiza ukulungisa ukungalingani kwe-hormone futhi kuthuthukise izimpawu.

Funda ukuze ubheke izimbangela ze-PCOS nemiphumela yayo emzimbeni wowesifazane.

Yini i-PCOS?

I-PCOS iyinkinga ngamahomoni athinta abesifazane phakathi neminyaka yabo yokubeletha (abaneminyaka engu-15 kuya kwengama-44). Phakathi kwamaphesenti angu-2.2 no-26.7 wabesifazane abakuleli banga banama-PCOS (1,).

Abesifazane abaningi bane-PCOS kodwa abazi. Kokunye ukuhlola, kuze kufike kumaphesenti angama-70 abesifazane abane-PCOS ababengakatholakali ().

I-PCOS ithinta amaqanda esifazane, izitho zokuzala ezikhiqiza i-estrogen ne-progesterone - ama-hormone alawula umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini. Ama-ovari abuye akhiqize inani elincane lamahomoni wesilisa abizwa ngama-androgens.

Amaqanda akhulula amaqanda ukuze avundiswe isidoda sowesilisa. Ukukhululwa kweqanda inyanga ngayinye kubizwa ngokuthi yi-ovulation.

I-hormone ekhuthaza i-follicle (FSH) ne-luteinizing hormone (LH) yokulawula i-ovulation. I-FSH ivuselela i-ovary ukuthi ikhiqize i-follicle - isaka eliqukethe iqanda - bese i-LH ibangela i-ovary ukuthi ikhulule iqanda elivuthiwe.

I-PCOS iyi- "syndrome," noma iqembu lezimpawu ezithinta ama-ovari kanye ne-ovulation. Izici zayo ezintathu eziyinhloko yilezi:

• ama-cysts kuma-ovari
• amazinga aphezulu ama-hormone wesilisa
• izikhathi ezingajwayelekile noma ezeqiwe

Ku-PCOS, amasaka amaningi amancane agcwele uketshezi akhula ngaphakathi kwama-ovari. Igama elithi "polycystic" lisho "ama-cysts amaningi."

Lawa masaka empeleni angama-follicles, ngalinye liqukethe iqanda elingavuthiwe. Amaqanda awalokothi akhule ngokwanele ukuqala kwe-ovulation.

Ukuntuleka kwama-ovulation kuguqula amazinga e-estrogen, progesterone, FSH, ne-LH. Amazinga e-Estrogen ne-progesterone aphansi kunokujwayelekile, kanti amazinga e-androgen aphakeme kunokujwayelekile.

Amahomoni wesilisa angeziwe aphazamisa umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini, ngakho-ke abesifazane abane-PCOS bathola izikhathi ezimbalwa kunokujwayelekile.

I-PCOS ayisona isimo esisha. Udokotela wase-Italy u-Antonio Vallisneri uqale wachaza izimpawu zawo ngo-1721 ().

I-Polycystic ovary syndrome (i-PCOS) ithinta cishe amaphesenti angama-27 abesifazane phakathi neminyaka yabo yokubeletha (4). Kubandakanya ama-cysts kuma-ovari, amazinga aphezulu ama-hormone wesilisa, nezikhathi ezingajwayelekile.

Kubangelwa yini?

Odokotela abazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela i-PCOS. Bakholelwa ukuthi amazinga aphezulu amahomoni wesilisa avimbela ama-ovari ekukhiqizeni ama-hormone futhi enze amaqanda ngokujwayelekile.

Izakhi zofuzo, ukumelana ne-insulin, nokuvuvukala konke kuxhunyaniswe nokukhiqizwa okweqile kwe-androgen.

Izakhi zofuzo

Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi i-PCOS isebenza emindenini (5).

Kungenzeka ukuthi izakhi zofuzo eziningi - hhayi eyodwa kuphela - zifaka isandla kulesi simo (6).

Ukumelana ne-insulin

Kuze kube ngamaphesenti angama-70 abesifazane abane-PCOS banokumelana ne-insulin, okusho ukuthi amaseli abo awakwazi ukusebenzisa i-insulin kahle ().

I-insulini yihomoni eyenziwa ngamanyikwe ukusiza umzimba ukuthi usebenzise ushukela ekudleni ukuthola amandla.

Lapho amaseli engakwazi ukusebenzisa i-insulin kahle, isidingo somzimba se-insulin siyakhula. Ama-pancreas enza i-insulin eningi ukunxephezela. I-insulin eyengeziwe yenza ama-ovari akhiqize ama-hormone wesilisa amaningi.

Ukukhuluphala kuyimbangela enkulu yokumelana ne-insulin. Kokubili ukukhuluphala nokumelana ne-insulin kungakhuphula ubungozi besifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 (8).

Ukuvuvukala

Abesifazane abane-PCOS bavame ukukhuphuka kwamazinga okuvuvukala emzimbeni wabo. Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile nakho kungafaka ukuvuvukala. Izifundo zixhumanise ukuvuvukala ngokweqile namazinga aphezulu we-androgen ().

Odokotela abazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela i-PCOS. Bakholelwa ukuthi kuvela ezintweni ezifana nezakhi zofuzo, ukumelana ne-insulin, kanye namazinga aphezulu okuvuvukala emzimbeni.

Izimpawu ezijwayelekile ze-PCOS

Abanye besifazane baqala ukubona izimpawu ngesikhathi sokuqala kwabo. Abanye bathola kuphela ukuthi bane-PCOS ngemuva kokuthi bezuze isisindo esiningi noma babe nenkinga yokukhulelwa.

Izimpawu ze-PCOS ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

• Izikhathi ezingajwayelekile. Ukuntuleka kwe-ovulation kuvimbela ulwelwesi lwesibeletho ekuchithekeni njalo ngenyanga. Abanye besifazane abane-PCOS bathola izikhathi ezingaphansi kweziyisishiyagalombili ngonyaka ().
• Ukopha kakhulu. Ulwelwesi lwesibeletho lwakha isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke izikhathi ozitholayo zingaba nzima kunokujwayelekile.
• Ukukhula kwezinwele. Abesifazane abangaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-70 abanalesi simo bakhula izinwele ebusweni nasemzimbeni - kufaka phakathi emhlane, esiswini nasesifubeni (11). Ukukhula kwezinwele okweqile kubizwa nge-hirsutism.
• Izinduna. Ama-hormone abesilisa angenza isikhumba sibe ne-oilier kunokujwayelekile futhi kudale ukuphuma ezindaweni ezinjengobuso, isifuba, nangaphezulu emuva.
• Ukuzuza kwesisindo. Kuze kube ngamaphesenti angama-80 abesifazane abane-PCOS abakhuluphele ngokweqile noma abakhuluphele (11).
• Impandla yamadoda. Izinwele esikhunjeni sezinwele ziba mncane futhi ziwe.
• Ukwenza mnyama kwesikhumba. Amabala amnyama esikhumba angakha ezingqimbeni zomzimba njengalezo ezisentanyeni, emgodini, nangaphansi kwamabele.
• · Ukuphathwa ikhanda. Izinguquko zeHormone zingadala ikhanda kwabanye besifazane.

I-PCOS ingaphazamisa umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini, okuholele ezikhathini ezimbalwa. Izinduna, ukukhula kwezinwele, ukukhuluphala kwesisindo, nezikhumba ezimnyama ngezinye zezimpawu zalesi simo.

I-PCOS iwuthinta kanjani umzimba wakho

Ukuba namazinga we-androgen aphakeme kunokujwayelekile angathinta ukuzala kwakho nezinye izici zempilo yakho.

Ukungabi nenzalo

Ukuze ukhulelwe, kufanele uvule amaqanda. Abesifazane abangavundisi njalo kabadedeli amaqanda amaningi okufanele avundiswe. I-PCOS ingesinye sezimbangela ezihamba phambili zokuzala kwabesifazane (12).

I-Metabolic syndrome

Kuze kube ngamaphesenti angama-80 abesifazane abane-PCOS abakhuluphele noma abakhuluphele (). Kokubili ukukhuluphala kanye ne-PCOS kwandisa ubungozi boshukela ophakeme wegazi, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-cholesterol ephansi ye-HDL (“enhle”), ne-cholesterol ephezulu ye-LDL (“embi”).

Ngokubambisana, lezi zinto zibizwa ngokuthi yi-metabolic syndrome, futhi zandisa ubungozi besifo senhliziyo, isifo sikashukela, nesifo sohlangothi.

I-apnea yokulala

Lesi simo sidala ukuhlaba ikhefu okuphindiwe phakathi nobusuku, okuphazamisa ukulala.

I-apnea yokulala ivame kakhulu kwabesifazane abakhuluphele ngokweqile - ikakhulukazi uma benayo ne-PCOS. Ingozi yokuphefumula ubuthongo iphindwe izikhathi ezinhlanu kuya kweziyi-10 ephakeme kwabesifazane abakhuluphele abane-PCOS kunaleyo engenayo i-PCOS (14).

Umdlavuza we-Endometrial

Ngesikhathi se-ovulation, ulwelwesi lwesibeletho luthela. Uma ungavundisi njalo ngenyanga, ulwelwesi lungakha.

Ulwelwesi lwesibeletho olujiyile lungakhuphula ubungozi bakho ngomdlavuza we-endometrium (15).

Ukucindezeleka

Kokubili ukuguquka kwama-hormone nezimpawu ezifana nokukhula kwezinwele okungafuneki kungayithinta kabi imizwa yakho. Abaningi abane-PCOS bagcina bebhekene nokudangala nokukhathazeka (16).

Ukungalingani kweHormone kungathinta impilo yowesifazane ngezindlela eziningi. I-PCOS ingakhuphula ubungozi bokungazali, isifo se-metabolic, i-apnea yokulala, umdlavuza we-endometrium, nokudangala.

Ixilongwa kanjani i-PCOS

Odokotela bahlola i-PCOS kwabesifazane okungenani abanezimpawu ezintathu ():

• amazinga aphezulu e-androgen
• imijikelezo yokuya esikhathini engajwayelekile
• ama-cysts kuma-ovari

Udokotela wakho kufanele futhi abuze ukuthi ngabe uke waba nezimpawu ezifana nezinduna, ukukhula komzimba nezinwele, nokuzuza kwesisindo.

A ukuhlolwa okhalo ungabheka noma yiziphi izinkinga ngama-ovari akho noma ezinye izingxenye zomgudu wakho wokuzala. Phakathi nalolu vivinyo, udokotela wakho ufaka iminwe ebohliwe esithweni sakho sangasese futhi ahlole noma yikuphi ukukhula kwezibele zakho noma esibelethweni.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi hlola amazinga aphakeme kakhulu kunokujwayelekile ama-hormone abesilisa. Ungase futhi uhlolwe igazi ukuhlola i-cholesterol yakho, amazinga e-insulin, kanye ne-triglyceride ukuhlola ubungozi bakho bezimo ezihlobene nesifo senhliziyo nesifo sikashukela.

An i-ultrasound isebenzisa amagagasi omsindo ukufuna amafollic angavamile nezinye izinkinga ngama-ovari nesibeletho sakho.

Odokotela bathola i-PCOS uma abesifazane benezimpawu okungenani ezimbili kwezintathu eziyinhloko - amazinga aphezulu e-androgen, izinkathi ezingajwayelekile, nama-cysts kuma-ovari. Ukuhlolwa kwe-pelvic, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ne-ultrasound kungaqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

Ukukhulelwa ne-PCOS

I-PCOS iphazamisa umjikelezo ojwayelekile wokuya esikhathini futhi yenza kube nzima ukukhulelwa. Phakathi kwamaphesenti angama-70 no-80 abesifazane abane-PCOS banezinkinga zokuzala ().

Lesi simo singakhuphula nobungozi bezinkinga zokukhulelwa.

Abesifazane abane-PCOS banamathuba aphindwe kabili kunabesifazane abangenawo umbandela wokubeletha izingane zabo ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Basengozini enkulu yokukhulelwa kwesisu, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, kanye nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa (19).

Kodwa-ke, abesifazane abane-PCOS bangakhulelwa besebenzisa izindlela zokwelapha ezithuthukisa i-ovulation. Ukwehla kwesisindo nokunciphisa amazinga kashukela egazini kungathuthukisa izingqinamba zakho zokukhulelwa okunempilo.

I-PCOS ingenza kube nzima ukukhulelwa, futhi ingandisa ubungozi bezinkinga zokukhulelwa nokukhulelwa kwesisu. Ukwehla kwesisindo nezinye izindlela zokwelashwa kungathuthukisa izingqinamba zakho zokukhulelwa okunempilo.

Izeluleko zokudla nezindlela zokuphila zokwelapha i-PCOS

Ukwelashwa kwe-PCOS kuvame ukuqala ngokushintsha kwendlela yokuphila njengokuncipha, ukudla, nokuvivinya umzimba.

Ukulahlekelwa amaphesenti ama-5 kuye kwayi-10 kuphela esisindo somzimba wakho kungasiza ukulawula umjikelezo wakho wokuya esikhathini nokuthuthukisa izimpawu ze-PCOS (11,). Ukwehla kwesisindo nakho kungathuthukisa amazinga e-cholesterol, kwehlise i-insulin, futhi kunciphise ubungozi besifo senhliziyo nesifo sikashukela.

Noma yikuphi ukudla okusiza ukunciphisa umzimba kungasiza isimo sakho. Noma kunjalo, okunye ukudla kungaba nezinzuzo kunezinye.

Izifundo eziqhathanisa ukudla kwe-PCOS zithole ukuthi ukudla okunama-carbohydrate amancane kuyasebenza kukho kokubili ukwehlisa isisindo nokwehlisa amazinga e-insulin. I-low glycemic index (low-GI) yokudla ethola ama-carbohydrate amaningi ezithelo, imifino, nakuzinhlamvu eziphelele kusiza ukulawula umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini kangcono kunokudla okuvamile kokwehlisa isisindo (21).

Izifundo ezimbalwa zithole ukuthi imizuzu engama-30 yokuvivinya umzimba ngokulingene okungenani izinsuku ezintathu ngesonto ingasiza abesifazane abane-PCOS ukunciphisa umzimba. Ukwehla kwesisindo ngokuzivocavoca umzimba kuthuthukisa namazinga we-ovulation kanye ne-insulin (22).

Ukuvivinya umzimba kunenzuzo enkulu uma kuhlangene nokudla okunempilo. Ukudla kanye nokuvivinya umzimba kukusiza ukuthi wehlise isisindo sakho ngaphezu kokungenelela kukodwa, futhi kwehlisa ubungozi besifo sikashukela nesenhliziyo ().

Kunobunye ubufakazi bokuthi i-acupuncture ingasiza ekwenzeni ngcono i-PCOS, kepha ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ().

Ukwelashwa kwe-PCOS kuqala ngokushintsha kwendlela yokuphila njengokudla nokuvivinya umzimba. Ukulahlekelwa ngamaphesenti ama-5 kuye kwayi-10 kuphela esisindo somzimba wakho uma ukhuluphele kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni izimpawu zakho.

Izindlela zokwelashwa ezivamile

Amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha kanye neminye imithi ingasiza ekulawuleni umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini futhi iphathe izimpawu ze-PCOS njengokukhula kwezinwele nezinduna.

Ukulawulwa kokuzalwa

Ukuthatha i-estrogen ne-progestin nsuku zonke kungabuyisa ibhalansi ye-hormone ejwayelekile, kulawule ukukhiqizwa kweqanda, kunciphise izimpawu ezinjengokukhula kwezinwele okweqile, futhi kuvikele umdlavuza we-endometrium. La mahomoni eza ngephilisi, isichibi, noma iringi yesitho sangasese sowesifazane.

I-Metformin

I-Metformin (i-Glucophage, i-Fortamet) yisidakamizwa esisetshenziselwa ukwelapha uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2. Iphinde iphathe i-PCOS ngokuthuthukisa amazinga e-insulin.

Ucwaningo oluthile luthole ukuthi ukuthatha i-metformin ngenkathi wenza ushintsho ekudleni nasekuzivocavoca umzimba kuthuthukisa ukwehla kwesisindo, kwehlisa ushukela wegazi, futhi kubuyise umjikelezo ojwayelekile wokuya esikhathini kangcono kunezinguquko ekudleni nasekuzivocavoca wedwa (25).

Clomiphene

I-Clomiphene (Clomid) yisidakamizwa sokuzala esingasiza abesifazane abane-PCOS ukuthi bakhulelwe. Kodwa-ke, kwandisa ubungozi bamawele nokunye ukuzalwa okuningi (26).

Imithi yokususa izinwele

Izindlela zokwelapha ezimbalwa zingasiza ekuqedeni izinwele ezingadingeki noma ziyekise ukukhula. Ukhilimu we-Eflornithine (Vaniqa) ngumuthi kadokotela obambezela ukukhula kwezinwele. Ukususwa kwezinwele ze-Laser kanye ne-electrolysis kungasusa izinwele ezingafuneki ebusweni nasemzimbeni wakho.

Ukuhlinzwa

Ukuhlinzwa kungaba inketho yokuthuthukisa ukuzala uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasebenzi. Ukubhola kwe-ovari kuyinqubo eyenza izimbobo ezincane esibelethweni nge-laser noma inaliti encane evuthayo yokubuyisa i-ovulation ejwayelekile.

Amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha kanye ne-metformin yesidakamizwa sikashukela kungasiza ekubuyiseni umjikelezo ojwayelekile wokuya esikhathini. I-Clomiphene nokuhlinzwa kuthuthukisa ukuzala kwabesifazane abane-PCOS. Imithi yokususa izinwele ingaqeda abesifazane ezingafuneki.

Ukubonana nodokotela nini

Bheka udokotela wakho uma:

• Uphuthelwe yizikhathi futhi awukhulelwe.
• Unezimpawu ze-PCOS, njengokukhula kwezinwele ebusweni nasemzimbeni.
• Usuzame ukukhulelwa izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezingu-12 kodwa ungaphumeleli.
• Unezimpawu zesifo sikashukela, njengokoma ngokweqile noma indlala, ukungaboni kahle, noma ukuncipha kwesisindo okungachazeki.

Uma une-PCOS, hlela ukuvakashelwa njalo nodokotela wakho wokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo. Uzodinga ukuhlolwa njalo ukuze uhlole isifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, nezinye izinkinga ezingaba khona.

Uma ukhathazekile nge-PCOS yakho futhi ungenayo i-endocrinologist, ungabuka odokotela endaweni yakho ngethuluzi le-Healthline FindCare.

Bona udokotela wakho uma weqe izikhathi noma unezinye izimpawu ze-PCOS njengokukhula kwezinwele ebusweni noma emzimbeni wakho. Futhi bona udokotela uma ngabe ubukade uzama ukukhulelwa izinyanga eziyi-12 noma ngaphezulu ngaphandle kwempumelelo.

Okubalulekile

I-PCOS ingaphazamisa imijikelezo yokuya esikhathini yowesifazane futhi yenze kube nzima ukukhulelwa. Izinga eliphakeme lamahomoni abesilisa liholela nasezimpawu ezingafuneki njengokukhula kwezinwele ebusweni nasemzimbeni.

Ukungenelela kwendlela yokuphila kungukwelashwa kokuqala odokotela abakuncomayo nge-PCOS, futhi kuvame ukusebenza kahle. Ukwehla kwesisindo kungaphatha izimpawu ze-PCOS futhi kuthuthukise izingqinamba zokukhulelwa. Ukudla nokuvivinya umzimba nge-aerobic kuyizindlela ezimbili eziphumelelayo zokwehlisa isisindo.

Imithi iyindlela ongakhetha ngayo uma izinguquko zendlela yokuphila zingasebenzi. Amaphilisi okulawula ukubeletha kanye ne-metformin zombili zingabuyisa imijikelezo ejwayelekile yokuya esikhathini futhi zikhulule izimpawu ze-PCOS.