Ukuqonda Umdlavuza We-Prostate: I-Gleason Scale

-Delile

• Isamba sezinombolo ezimbili
• Esinye sezici eziningi
• Ngabe isikolo sami seGleason sisho ukuthini?
• Ubungozi obuphansi
• Ingozi emaphakathi
• Ingcuphe enkulu
• Ukugcina izinombolo ngendlela efanele

Ukwazi izinombolo

Uma wena noma othandekayo utholwe unomdlavuza wendlala yesinye, kungenzeka ukuthi usuvele ujwayelene nesikali seGleason. Yakhiwa ngudokotela uDonald Gleason ngawo-1960. Inikeza amaphuzu asiza ukubikezela ulaka lomdlavuza wendlala yabesilisa.

I-pathologist iqala ngokuhlola amasampula wezicubu kusuka ku-prostate biopsy ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu. Ukunquma isilinganiso seGleason, udokotela wezifo uqhathanisa iphethini lezicubu zomdlavuza nezicubu ezijwayelekile.

Ngokusho kwe-, izicubu zomdlavuza ezibukeka njengezicubu ezijwayelekile ibanga loku-1. Uma isicubu somdlavuza sisakazeka ku-Prostate futhi siphambuka kakhulu kuzici zamaseli ajwayelekile, ibanga lesi-5.

Isamba sezinombolo ezimbili

Udokotela wezifo unikeza amamaki amabili ahlukene emaphethini weseli womdlavuza abalulekile esampula yesicubu se-Prostate. Banquma inombolo yokuqala ngokubheka indawo lapho amangqamuzana omdlavuza wesibeletho avelele kakhulu. Inombolo yesibili, noma ibanga lesibili, ihlobene nendawo lapho amangqamuzana acishe avelele khona.

Lezi zinombolo ezimbili ezihlanganiswe ndawonye zikhiqiza inani eliphelele le-Gleason, okuyinombolo ephakathi kuka-2 no-10. Isibalo esiphakeme sisho ukuthi umdlavuza kungenzeka usabalale.

Uma uxoxa ngesikolo sakho seGleason nodokotela wakho, buza mayelana nezinombolo zamabanga aphansi nasesekondari. Isilinganiso se-Gleason se-7 singasuselwa kumabanga ahlukene aphansi nasesekondari, ngokwesibonelo i-3 ne-4, noma i-4 ne-3. Lokhu kungabonakala ngoba ibanga lokuqala le-3 likhombisa ukuthi indawo yomdlavuza evelele ayinamandla kangako kunendawo yesibili. Okuphambene nalokho kuyiqiniso uma imiphumela ibangelwa ibanga lokuqala le-4 nebanga lesibili lika-3.

Esinye sezici eziningi

Isilinganiso seGleason ukucatshangelwa okukodwa kuphela ekusunguleni ubungozi bokuthuthukisa umdlavuza, nasekulinganiseni izinketho zokwelashwa. Udokotela wakho uzobheka iminyaka yakho nempilo yakho yonke kanye nokuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuthola isigaba somdlavuza nezinga lobungozi. Lezi zivivinyo zifaka:

• ukuhlolwa kwe-digital rectal (DRE)
• ukuskena amathambo
• I-MRI
• Iskena se-CT

Udokotela wakho uzobheka nezinga lakho le-antigen eqondene ne-prostate (PSA), iphrotheni ekhiqizwa amaseli endlala ye-prostate. I-PSA ilinganiswa ngama-nanograms ngemililitha yegazi (ng / ml) ngayinye. Izinga le-PSA lingesinye isici esibalulekile ekuhloleni ubungozi bokuthuthukisa umdlavuza.

Ngabe isikolo sami seGleason sisho ukuthini?

Ubungozi obuphansi

Ngokusho kwe-, isilinganiso se-Gleason esingu-6 noma ngaphansi, izinga le-PSA elingu-10 ng / ml noma ngaphansi, futhi isigaba sesimila sokuqala sikubeka esigabeni esinobungozi obuphansi.Ngokubambisana, lezi zinto zisho ukuthi umdlavuza wendlala yesinye kungenzeka ungakhuli noma usabalalele kwezinye izicubu noma izitho iminyaka eminingi.

Amanye amadoda akulesi sigaba sobungozi aqapha umdlavuza wawo wendlala yesinye ngokuqapha okusebenzayo. Banokuhlolwa okuvamile okungabandakanya:

• AMA-DREs
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-PSA
• i-ultrasound noma enye i-imaging
• ama-biopsies angeziwe

Ingozi emaphakathi

Isilinganiso se-Gleason esingu-7, i-PSA phakathi kuka-10 no-20 ng / ml, nesigaba sesimila esiphakathi sikhombisa ubungozi obuphakathi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umdlavuza wendlala yabesilisa kungenzeka ukuthi ukhule noma usabalale iminyaka eminingana. Wena nodokotela wakho nizocubungula iminyaka yenu nempilo yenu yonke lapho nilinganisela izinketho zokwelashwa, ezingafaka phakathi:

• ukuhlinzwa
• imisebe
• imithi
• inhlanganisela yalezi

Ingcuphe enkulu

Isilinganiso se-Gleason esingu-8 noma ngaphezulu, sihambisana nezinga le-PSA elingaphezu kuka-20 ng / ml nesigaba sesimila esithuthuke kakhulu, sikhombisa ubungozi obukhulu bokuthuthukisa umdlavuza. Ezimweni ezinobungozi obukhulu, izicubu zomdlavuza wesibeletho zibukeka zehluke kakhulu kwizicubu ezijwayelekile. Lawa maseli anomdlavuza kwesinye isikhathi achazwa ngokuthi "ahlukaniswa kahle." Lawa maseli asengabhekwa njengomdlavuza wesibeletho wokuqala uma umdlavuza ungakasakazeki. Ingcuphe enkulu isho ukuthi umdlavuza kungenzeka ukhule noma usabalale eminyakeni embalwa.

Ukugcina izinombolo ngendlela efanele

Isilinganiso esiphezulu seGleason ngokuvamile sibikezela ukuthi umdlavuza wendlala yesinye uzokhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Kodwa-ke, khumbula ukuthi amaphuzu kuphela awabikezeli ukubikezela kwakho. Lapho uhlola ubungozi kanye nezinzuzo zokwelashwa nodokotela wakho, qiniseka ukuthi futhi uyasiqonda isigaba somdlavuza nezinga lakho le-PSA. Lolu lwazi luzokusiza uthathe isinqumo sokuthi ngabe ukubhekwa okusebenzayo kufanelekile. Kungasiza futhi ukukuqondisa ekukhetheni ukwelashwa okufanela isimo sakho kangcono.