AmaShingles ne-HIV: Okufanele Ukwazi

-Delile

• Ziyini izimpawu zamashingles?
• Yini ebangela ama-shingles?
• Kuthiwani uma umuntu engakaze abe nenkukhu noma umuthi wokugomela yona?
• Yiziphi izinkinga zokuba namashingles kanye ne-HIV?
• Ukugula okude
• Kusatshalaliswe i-zoster
• Ubuhlungu besikhathi eside
• Ukuphinda
• Ixilongwa kanjani i-shingles?
• Yiziphi izinketho zokwelashwa zama-shingles?
• Uyini umbono?

Ukubuka konke

Igciwane le-varicella-zoster luhlobo lwegciwane le-herpes elibanga i-chickenpox (varicella) kanye ne-shingles (zoster). Noma ngubani othola leli gciwane uzohlangabezana nengxibongo, ngamashingles okungenzeka ukuthi avele emashumini eminyaka kamuva. Abantu kuphela abaye baba nenkukhu lapho bengahlakulela khona ama-shingles.

Ingozi yokuthola ama-shingles iyanda njengoba sikhula, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala engama-50. Ingxenye yesizathu salokhu ukuthi amasosha ethu omzimba aba buthakathaka ngokuguga.

Ithuba lokuqhamuka koshaka landa kakhulu uma i-HIV ithinte amasosha omzimba omuntu.

Ziyini izimpawu zamashingles?

Uphawu olusobala kakhulu lwama-shingles ukuqubuka okuvame ukuzungeza uhlangothi olulodwa lwangemuva nasesifubeni.

Abanye abantu baqala ukuzwa ukuzwa okubuhlungu noma ubuhlungu ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuvela kokuqubuka. Iqala ngamaqhubu abomvu ambalwa. Ngokuhamba kwezinsuku ezintathu kuya kweziyisihlanu, kunamaqhubu amaningi.

Amabhampa agcwala uketshezi futhi aphenduke amabhaladi, noma izilonda. Ukuqhuma kungaluma, kushise, noma kulume. Kungaba buhlungu kakhulu.

Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, amabhamuza aqala ukoma futhi akhe uqweqwe. Lezi zinkabi zivame ukuqala ukuwa cishe esikhathini esingangesonto. Yonke inqubo ingathatha kusuka emavikini amabili kuye kwamane. Ngemuva kokuba uqweqwe luwile, izinguquko zombala ezicashile zingabonakala esikhunjeni. Kwesinye isikhathi amabhamuza ashiya izibazi.

Abanye abantu babhekana nobuhlungu obuhlala isikhathi eside ngemuva kokuba ukuqubuka kuphelile. Lesi yisimo esaziwa nge-postherpetic neuralgia. Ingahlala izinyanga ezimbalwa, yize ezimweni ezingavamile ubuhlungu buhlala iminyaka.

Ezinye izimpawu zihlanganisa umkhuhlane, isicanucanu, nohudo. Ama-shingles nawo angenzeka azungeze iso, okungaba buhlungu impela futhi kungaholela ekulimaleni kwamehlo.

Ukuze uthole izimpawu ze-shingles, bheka umhlinzeki wezempilo ngokushesha. Ukwelashwa ngokushesha kunganciphisa ubungozi bezinkinga ezinkulu.

Yini ebangela ama-shingles?

Ngemuva kokuthi umuntu eseluleme kuqhubu, igciwane lihlala lingasebenzi, noma lilele emzimbeni walo. Amasosha omzimba asebenza ukuwagcina enjalo. Eminyakeni eminingi kamuva, imvamisa lapho lowo muntu eseneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-50, leli gciwane liphinde lisebenze futhi. Isizathu salokhu asicaci, kepha umphumela yi-shingles.

Ukuba namasosha omzimba abuthakathaka kungakhuphula amathuba okuba nesifo sengculazi esemncane. Ama-shingles angabuya kaningi.

Kuthiwani uma umuntu engakaze abe nenkukhu noma umuthi wokugomela yona?

AmaShingles awasakazeki asuka komunye umuntu aye komunye. Futhi labo abangakaze babe nenkukhu noma bathole umuthi wokugomela inkukhu abakwazi ukuthola ama-shingles.

Igciwane le-varicella-zoster elibanga ama-shingles lingadluliselwa, noma kunjalo. Labo abangenalo leli gciwane bangalithola kusukela ekuvezeni ama-shingles blisters asebenzayo, bese beba nenkukhu ngenxa yalokho.

Okulandelayo izinyathelo ezimbalwa okufanele uzithathe ukunciphisa ingozi yokuthola igciwane le-varicella-zoster:

• Zama ukugwema ukuvezwa kubantu abane-chickenpox noma i-shingles.
• Qaphela ikakhulukazi ukugwema ukuthintana ngqo nokuqubuka.
• Buza umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo mayelana nokuthola umuthi wokugoma.

Kunemithi yokugoma emibili ye-shingles etholakalayo. Umuthi wokugoma omusha uqukethe igciwane elingasebenzi, elingeke lidale ukutheleleka kwe-shingles ngakho-ke linganikezwa abantu amasosha abo omzimba abuthakathaka kakhulu. Umuthi wokugoma omdala unamagciwane aphilayo futhi kungenzeka ungaphephe kuleli cala.

Xhumana nomhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuthola ukuthi ngabe bancoma yini ukuthi bagonyelwe ama-shingles.

Yiziphi izinkinga zokuba namashingles kanye ne-HIV?

Labo abane-HIV bangathola isimo esinzima kakhulu se-shingles futhi basengozini enkulu yezinkinga.

Ukugula okude

Izilonda zesikhumba zingahlala isikhathi eside futhi kungenzeka ukuthi zishiye izibazi. Nakekela ukugcina isikhumba sihlanzekile futhi ugweme ukuvezwa amagciwane. Izilonda zesikhumba zisengozini yokutheleleka ngamagciwane.

Kusatshalaliswe i-zoster

Isikhathi esiningi, ukuqubuka kwamashingles kuvela esiqwini somzimba.

Kwabanye abantu, ukuqubuka kusakazeka endaweni enkulu kakhulu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-zoster esatshalalisiwe, futhi kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kwenzeke kulabo abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka. Ezinye izimpawu zokusakazwa okungasatshalaliswa zingafaka ikhanda nokuzwela okulula.

Amacala abucayi angadinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela, ikakhulukazi kulabo abane-HIV.

Ubuhlungu besikhathi eside

I-postherpetic neuralgia ingahlala izinyanga noma iminyaka.

Ukuphinda

Ingozi yokuphikelela, i-shingles engapheli iphakeme kubantu abane-HIV. Noma ngubani one-HIV osola ukuthi une-shingles kufanele abone abahlinzeki bakhe bezempilo ukuze athole ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Ixilongwa kanjani i-shingles?

Isikhathi esiningi, umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angakwazi ukuxilonga ama-shingles ngokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba, kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kwamehlo ukubona ukuthi ngabe athintekile yini.

Ama-shingles angaba nzima ukuxilonga ama-shingles uma ukuqubuka kusakazeka engxenyeni enkulu yomzimba noma kunokubukeka okungajwayelekile. Uma kunjalo, umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo angathatha amasampula esikhumba kusuka ku-lesion bese ewathumela kubhu yamasiko noma ukuhlaziywa kwe-microscopic.

Yiziphi izinketho zokwelashwa zama-shingles?

Ukwelashwa kwama-shingles kuyafana noma ngabe umuntu une-HIV. Ukwelashwa kufaka lokhu okulandelayo:

• ukuqala ngemithi elwa namagciwane ngokushesha okukhulu ukunciphisa izimpawu futhi kunganciphisa isikhathi sokugula
• ukuthatha i-over-the-counter (OTC) noma umuthi wokudambisa izinhlungu kadokotela, kuya ngokuthi buhlungu kangakanani ubuhlungu
• usebenzisa i-OTC lotion ukuze unciphise ukulunywa, uqiniseke ukuthi uvikela ama-lotion aqukethe i-cortisone
• ukusebenzisa i-compress epholile

Amaconsi wamehlo aqukethe i-corticosteroids angaphatha ukuvuvukala ezimweni zokushaywa iso.

Izilonda ezibonakala zithelelekile kufanele zihlolwe ngumhlinzeki wezempilo ngokushesha.

Uyini umbono?

Kubantu abaphila negciwane lesandulela ngculaza, ama-shingles angaba yinkinga enkulu futhi athathe isikhathi eside ukululama. Kodwa-ke, iningi labantu abane-HIV bayalulama emathangeni ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezinkulu zesikhathi eside.