Izilonda kanye Nezifo ZikaCrohn

-Delile

• Yiziphi izinhlobo zezilonda ezingenzeka uma unesifo sikaCrohn?
• Izilonda zomlomo
• Izilonda ze-Aphthous
• Imifino yePyostomatitis
• Izilonda zomlomo ngenxa yemiphumela emibi yemithi
• Ziyini izimpawu zezilonda?
• UFistula
• Ukopha
• Ukushoda kwegazi
• Yiziphi izinketho zokwelashwa zezilonda?
• Ama-immunosuppressants
• Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha
• Ukuhlinzwa
• Ukudla okudlela endlini

Ukubuka konke

Isifo sikaCrohn ukuvuvukala kwepheshana lesisu (GI). Ithinta izingqimba ezijulile zezindonga zamathumbu. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezilonda, noma izilonda ezivulekile, epheshaneni le-GI kuyisibonakaliso esikhulu seCrohn's.

Ngokwe-Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America, abantu baseMelika abafinyelela ku-700,000 banesifo sikaCrohn. Noma ngubani angaba nesifo sikaCrohn, kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi sithinte abantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engu-15 nengama-35.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zezilonda ezingenzeka uma unesifo sikaCrohn?

Izilonda ezenzeka ngesifo sikaCrohn zingavela emlonyeni ziye endunu, kufaka phakathi:

• ingono
• duodenum
• isithasiselo
• isisu
• amathumbu amancane
• ikholoni

Isifo sikaCrohn akuvamile ukuthi sithinte:

• umlomo
• isisu
• duodenum
• ingono

Isimo esifanayo i-ulcerative colitis, ethinta kuphela ikholoni.

Isibonelo, ungaba nezilonda kulo lonke ikholoni uma uneCrohn's. Ungaba futhi nochungechunge lwezilonda engxenyeni eyodwa kuphela yekholoni. Kwezinye izingxenye zepheshana le-GI, izilonda zingaba khona ngamaqoqo ahlukaniswe izicubu eziqinile, ezinempilo. Ukuvuvukala okungamahlalakhona kungaholela nasezilondeni ezithweni zobulili noma endunu.

Izilonda zomlomo

Izilonda ze-Aphthous

Ngesinye isikhathi, abantu abane-Crohn's bayoba nezilonda ezibuhlungu emlonyeni. Lezi zaziwa ngokuthi izilonda ze-aphthous. Lezi zilonda zomlomo zivame ukuvela ngesikhathi sokuqhuma kwamathumbu emathunjini. Zingafana nesilonda somkhuhlane ojwayelekile. Ngezikhathi ezithile, kungavela izilonda ezinkulu kakhulu.

Imifino yePyostomatitis

Imifino yePyostomatitis ayivelakancane. Kubanga amathumba amaningi, ama-pustule, nezilonda emlonyeni. Kungenzeka nangezifo ezivuthayo zamathumbu (IBD) noma isifo sikaCrohn. Ungaphuza i-corticosteroids yomlomo neyesihloko, kanye nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi yimithi "yokuguqula amasosha omzimba" ukwelapha lezi zilonda.

Izilonda zomlomo ngenxa yemiphumela emibi yemithi

Kwesinye isikhathi, izilonda zomlomo zingaba nomphumela oseceleni wemithi elapha iCrohn's ne-IBD. Le mithi ingadala i-thrush, ukutheleleka ngomlomo ngomlomo.

Ziyini izimpawu zezilonda?

Izilonda ezivela eCrohn's zingaba nezimpawu eziningana:

UFistula

Isilonda singadala i-fistula uma sinqamula odongeni lwakho lwamathumbu. I-fistula ukuxhumana okungajwayelekile phakathi kwezingxenye ezahlukahlukene zamathumbu, noma phakathi kwamathumbu nesikhumba noma esinye isitho, njengesinye. I-fistula yangaphakathi ingadala ukuthi ukudla kudlule ngokuphelele ezindaweni zamathumbu. Lokhu kungaholela ekwamukelweni okunganele kwezakhamzimba. Ama-fistula angaphandle angadala ukuthi amathumbu angene esikhunjeni. Lokhu kungadala ithumba elisongela impilo uma ungalitholi ukwelashwa ngalo. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-fistula kubantu abane-Crohn’s lwenzeka endaweni eyindunu.

Ukopha

Ukopha okubonakalayo akuvamile, kepha kungenzeka uma umhubhe wezilonda ungene emthanjeni omkhulu wegazi noma umthambo. Umzimba uvame ukusebenza ngokushesha ukuvala umkhumbi opha. Kubantu abaningi, lokhu kwenzeka kanye kuphela. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka uma ukuphuma kwegazi kwenzeka kaningi.

Kuyaqabukela, umuntu onesifo sikaCrohn ezwa ukopha okungazelelwe, okukhulu. Ukopha kungenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, kufaka phakathi ngesikhathi sokuqhuma noma lapho isifo sikuthethelelo. Ukopha okukhulu ngokuvamile kudinga ukuhlinzwa okusindisa impilo ukuze kususwe ingxenye enesifo sepheshana lekholoni noma le-GI noma ukuvimbela elinye ukopha okusongela impilo ngokuzayo.

Ukushoda kwegazi

Noma kungekho ukopha okubonakalayo, iCrohn's ingaholela ekushoneni kwe-iron anemia uma ibangela izilonda eziningi emathunjini amancane noma kukholoni. Ukulahleka kwegazi okuqhubekayo, okuphansi, okungamahlalakhona kulezi zilonda kungenzeka. Uma une-Crohn's ethinta i-ileum noma uma uhlinziwe ukukhipha ingxenye yamathumbu akho amancane abizwa nge-ileum, ungahle ube ne-anemia ngenxa yokwehluleka ukuthola uvithamini B-12 owanele.

Yiziphi izinketho zokwelashwa zezilonda?

Ama-immunosuppressants

Ukuphendula komzimba wakho kungadala ukuvuvukala. Ama-immunosuppressants yizidakamizwa ezicindezela ukuphendula komzimba.

AmaCorticosteroids yizidakamizwa ezicindezela amasosha omzimba ukunciphisa ukwenzeka kokuvuvukala nezilonda. Ungazithatha ngomlomo noma ngomugqa. Kodwa-ke, iCrohn's and Colitis Foundation of America ibika ukuthi bangaba nemiphumela engemihle kanti nodokotela bavame ukungaziniki isikhathi eside, uma kungenzeka. Kungenzeka udokotela wakho azofaka umugqa wesibili wezidakamizwa ocindezela amasosha akho omzimba.

Uma une-Crohn's engaphendulanga kuma-corticosteroids noma ekhululiwe, udokotela wakho angakunikeza olunye uhlobo lwe-immunosuppressant efana ne-azathioprine noma i-methotrexate. Imvamisa kuthatha izinyanga ezintathu kuya kweziyisithupha ukuthi impendulo evela kulezi zidakamizwa yenzeke. Le mithi ingakhuphula ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza kanye nezifo ezinjenge-herpes ne-cytomegalovirus. Kufanele uxoxe ngezingozi zakho nodokotela wakho.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha

Ukwelashwa okwengeziwe kweCrohn's kufaka okulandelayo:

• Endabeni yezilonda zomlomo, i-anesthetic eyisihloko efana ne-lidocaine ingasiza ukunciphisa izinhlungu. Uma uthola i-topical anesthetic, kungenzeka ukuthi izohlanganiswa ne-topical corticosteroid.
• Izindlela zokwelapha ze-Biologic ezifana ne-infliximab ne-adalimumab ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zeCrohn's.
• Udokotela wakho futhi angakunikeza ama-antibiotic asiza ukunciphisa inani lama-bacteria emathunjini futhi anciphise ukuvuvukala.

Ukuhlinzwa

Udokotela wakho angancoma ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe ingxenye yamathumbu enezilonda eziningi. Udokotela wakho akakwazi ukwelapha uCrohn's ngokuhlinzwa, kodwa ukuhlinzwa kungasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu. Ukuthengiswa kwe-ileum kuyinqubo lapho udokotela wakho esusa khona ingxenye yamathumbu akho amancane abizwa nge-ileum. Uma ngabe uke waba nokuthengiswa kwe-ileum noma une-Crohn's eqinile ye-ileum, uzodinga ukuthatha uvithamini B-12.

Ukudla okudlela endlini

Isifo sikaCrohn yisifo esingelapheki. Alikho ikhambi elitholakalayo, kepha abantu abaningi bangaphatha ngempumelelo izimpawu zabo. Izilonda ziwuphawu olubuhlungu ikakhulukazi lwalesi sifo. Unganciphisa ukuthi zenzeka kaningi kangakanani nokuthi zihlala isikhathi esingakanani ngokwelashwa nokuphathwa kwendlela yokuphila. Buza udokotela wakho mayelana nezinguquko zokuphila kanye nokwelashwa okungasebenzela isimo sakho.