Ukuqonda ukuxhumana phakathi kwezifo zenhliziyo nesifo sikashukela

-Delile

• Ukubuka konke
• Ingabe isifo sikashukela sidala isifo senhliziyo?
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu
• I-cholesterol ephezulu
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
• Indlela yokuphila yokuhlala phansi
• Ukubhema
• Izimpawu
• Ukudla
• Izibalo
• Ukuvimbela
• Ukwelashwa kwesifo senhliziyo sikashukela
• Ezinye izinkinga zenhliziyo
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo
• Ukubonana nodokotela nini

Ukubuka konke

Uma unesifo sikashukela, ingozi yakho yokuthola isifo senhliziyo ingaphezu kokuphindwe kabili kunabantu abaningi, ngokusho kwe-American Heart Association.

Kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, isifo senhliziyo yisona sizathu esivame kakhulu sokufa.

Kunezinto eziningana ongazenza ukunciphisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo. Ukuqonda ukuxhumana phakathi kwesifo sikashukela nesifo senhliziyo yisinyathelo sokuqala esibheke ekuvimbeleni.

Ingabe isifo sikashukela sidala isifo senhliziyo?

Izinga eliphezulu le-glucose (ushukela) egazini labantu abanesifo sikashukela ekugcineni lingalimaza imithambo yegazi kanye nezinzwa ezizilawulayo.

Izicubu zomzimba ngokuvamile zisebenzisa ushukela njengomthombo wamandla. Igcinwe esibindini njengendlela ye-glycogen.

Uma unesifo sikashukela, ushukela ungahlala egazini lakho futhi uphume esibindini ungene egazini lakho, ngomonakalo olandelayo emithanjeni yakho yegazi nezinzwa ezizilawulayo.

Umthambo we-coronary ovinjiwe unganciphisa noma umise igazi ekuhlinzekeni umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba enhliziyweni yakho. Ubungozi besifo senhliziyo buyanda uma unesifo sikashukela isikhathi eside.

Ukuqapha ushukela wegazi kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphatha kahle isifo sikashukela. Hlola amazinga ngedivayisi yokuzihlola ngokuya ngemiyalo kadokotela wakho.

Gcina iphephabhuku lamazinga akho bese uletha ekuqokweni kwakho okulandelayo kwezokwelapha ukuze wena nodokotela wakho nikwazi ukukuhlola ndawonye.

Lokhu okulandelayo ngezinye izinto ezingakhuphula ubungozi besifo senhliziyo uma unesifo sikashukela.

Umfutho wegazi ophezulu

Umfutho wegazi ophakeme ungenye yezinto ezibeka engcupheni isifo senhliziyo kubantu abanesifo sikashukela.

Kubeka ubunzima enhliziyweni yakho futhi kulimaze imithambo yakho yegazi. Lokhu kukwenza uthambekele kakhulu ezinkingeni ezahlukahlukene kufaka phakathi:

• isifo senhliziyo
• unhlangothi
• Izinkinga zezinso
• izingqinamba zombono

Uma unesifo sikashukela nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, okungenani unamathuba aphindwe kabili okuba nesifo senhliziyo njengabantu abangenaso isifo sikashukela.

Indlela elula yokuphatha umfutho wegazi lakho ukuthola ukudla okunempilo, ukuzivocavoca umzimba njalo, futhi uma kudingeka, thatha imithi njengoba udokotela wakho ekuyalile.

I-cholesterol ephezulu

Amazinga aphethwe kabi amafutha egazi afana ne-cholesterol kanye ne-triglycerides ajwayelekile kubantu abanesifo sikashukela. Bangakhuphula futhi nengozi yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo.

I-cholesterol eningi ye-LDL ("embi") ne-HDL ("enhle") enganele ingadala uqweqwe olunamafutha emithanjeni yakho yegazi. Lokhu kungadala ukuvinjelwa futhi kuholele ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi.

Yize ezimweni eziningi izakhi zofuzo zithonya amazinga e-cholesterol, usengakwazi ukuphatha futhi uthuthukise amazinga akho ngokwenza izinqumo zokuphila okunempilo nokugcina inqubo ejwayelekile yokuzivocavoca umzimba.

Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile

Abantu abanesifo sikashukela banamathuba amaningi okukhuluphala ngokweqile noma ukukhuluphala ngokweqile. Zombili lezi zimo ziyizici eziyingozi zesifo senhliziyo.

Ukukhuluphala kunethonya elinamandla ku:

• ukushaya kwegazi
• ushukela egazini
• amazinga e-cholesterol

Ukwehla kwesisindo kunganciphisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo.

Enye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokuphatha isisindo sakho ukusebenza nesazi sokudla noma isazi sokudla okunempilo ukuze wakhe uhlelo lokudla olunempilo. Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuphathweni kwesisindo.

Indlela yokuphila yokuhlala phansi

Ukuba nokuhlala phansi kungakhuphula kakhulu izinto ezinobungozi zesifo senhliziyo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme nokukhuluphala.

Lokhu kuncoma ukuthi wonke umuntu omdala athole okungenani amahora amabili nemizuzu engama-30 yokuvivinya umzimba ngokulingene ngamandla ngesonto.

Izibonelo zifaka:

• ukuhamba
• ukuhamba ngebhayisikili
• ukudansa

I-CDC iphinda income ukwenza izivivinyo zokuqeqesha amandla okungenani kabili ngesonto ezinsukwini ezingalandelani.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuthola ukuthi yikuphi ukuzivocavoca okungafanelana kangcono nezidingo zakho zokuqina.

Ukubhema

Uma unesifo sikashukela futhi ubhema, ingozi yokuba nesifo senhliziyo iphezulu kakhulu kunaleyo yabantu abangabhemi.

Kokubili intuthu kagwayi nesifo sikashukela kudala uqweqwe oluningi emithanjeni yegazi, obenza banciphe.

Lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni ezahlukahlukene, kusuka ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo nokushaywa unhlangothi nezinkinga zonyawo. Ezimweni ezinzima, izinkinga zonyawo zingaholela ekunqunyweni.

Khumbula ukuthi akukephuzi kakhulu ukuyeka. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokuyeka ukubhema ezingakusiza kangcono.

Izimpawu

Izimpawu zesifo senhliziyo zingahluka ngokuya ngobukhulu baso. Abanye abantu abanazo izimpawu nhlobo. Lezi ngezinye zezimpawu ezivame kakhulu:

• ingcindezi, ukuqina, noma ubuhlungu esifubeni sakho ngemuva kwethambo lesifuba elingase lisabalale liye ezingalweni, entanyeni noma emuva
• ukuphelelwa umoya
• ukukhathala
• ukuzizwa unesiyezi noma ubuthakathaka

Ukudla

Ukusiza ukuvikela isifo senhliziyo uma unesifo sikashukela, zama ukulandela indlela yokudla enempilo, engasiza ukunciphisa i-cholesterol yakho yonke nomfutho wegazi, phakathi kwezinye izinzuzo. Izibonelo zokudla okunempilo yenhliziyo zifaka:

• imifino enamaqabunga njengesipinashi kanye ne-kale
• izinhlanzi zamanzi abandayo, njenge-salmon kanye ne-sardine
• ama-alimondi, ama-pecans namanye amantongomane
• okusanhlamvu kanye nama-oats

Zama ukunciphisa ukudla kwakho kwe:

• i-sodium
• ushukela
• amafutha amafutha
• amafutha agcwele

Zama njalo ukukhetha izinketho zamafutha aphansi ezitolo zokudla noma ezindaweni zokudlela.

Izibalo

Ukufa ngenxa yesifo senhliziyo kunalezo ezingenazo, kubika i-CDC.

Cishe amaphesenti angama-32 abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 banesifo senhliziyo, ngokusho kocwaningo lwango-2017.

Okungenani amaphesenti angama-68 abantu abanesifo sikashukela abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu bazofa ngohlobo oluthile lwesifo senhliziyo, ngokusho kwe-American Heart Association.

Abantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-65 abanesifo sikashukela nabo banengozi enkulu kakhulu yoku:

• isifo senhliziyo
• unhlangothi
• isifo sezinso

Ukuvimbela

Kunezindlela zokusiza ukuvikela isifo senhliziyo uma unesifo sikashukela.

Ukwenza lokhu, iNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases incoma ukuthi uphathe isifo sikashukela “ABCs”:

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-A1C. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi kukhombisa isilinganiso esilinganisweni seglucose yegazi lakho ezinyangeni ezi-3 ezedlule. Kubantu abaningi abanesifo sikashukela, umphumela kufanele ube ngaphansi kwamaphesenti ayi-7.
• Ukushaya kwegazi. Igoli lomfutho wegazi labantu abaningi abanesifo sikashukela lingaphansi kuka-140/90 mm Hg.
• Cholesterol. I-cholesterol eningi kakhulu ye-LDL ("embi") esegazini lakho ingadala ukuvimba emithanjeni yegazi lakho. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi izinga lakho le-cholesterol kufanele libe yini.
• Ukubhema. Kanye nesifo sikashukela, ukubhema kunciphisa imithambo yakho yegazi. Uma uyeka ukubhema, uzokwehlisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo kanye nokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, nezinye izindaba zezempilo.

Ukwelashwa kwesifo senhliziyo sikashukela

Ngaphezu kokunconywa ukuthi udle ukudla okunempilo futhi uvivinye umzimba njalo, udokotela wakho angakunikeza imithi yokwelapha isifo senhliziyo uma unesifo sikashukela.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha imishanguzo yokuthenga imithi yokwelapha isifo senhliziyo.

Abanye bangasebenzisana nemithi yakho yesifo sikashukela, noma ingaqukatha ushukela namanye ama-carbohydrate angathinta izinga likashukela egazini lakho.

Lokhu okulandelayo yizibonelo zemithi ongayinikwa udokotela wakho:

• ILiraglutide (iVictoza). ILiraglutide (iVictoza) inikezwa njengomjovo wansuku zonke. Ngo-2017, i-Food and Drug Administration (i-FDA) yavuma lesi sidakamizwa ukwehlisa ubungozi bokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo nokushaywa ngabantu abadala abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 nesifo senhliziyo.
• I-Empagliflozin (Jardiance). Ngo-2016, i-FDA yavuma i-Empagliflozin () yokwehlisa ushukela wegazi nokwelapha isifo senhliziyo kubantu abadala abane-type 2 yesifo sikashukela.
• Izitatimende. Izitatimende, njenge-atorvastatin (Lipitor) ne-rosuvastatin (i-Crestor), yehlisa amazinga e-cholesterol, ikakhulukazi i-cholesterol ye-LDL ("embi").
• Ama-antihypertensives. Ama-antihypertensives, kufaka phakathi isisu kanye ne-beta-blockers, umfutho wegazi ophansi.

Ezinye izinkinga zenhliziyo

Uma unesifo sikashukela nesifo senhliziyo esingalashwa, ungaba nezinkinga ezinkulu ezifana ne:

• ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo
• isifo senhliziyo
• unhlangothi

Isifo senhliziyo

Ungaba nokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo uma ingxenye yemisipha yenhliziyo yakho ingatholi igazi elanele ngenxa yesifo sikashukela esilimaza imikhumbi.

Ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, abantu abanesifo sikashukela banengozi enkulu yokwehluleka kwenhliziyo kunabantu abangenaso isifo sikashukela.

Izimpawu zesifo senhliziyo zingabandakanya okulandelayo:

• ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukungaphatheki kahle
• ubuthakathaka noma ikhanda elikhanyayo
• ubuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki ezandleni zakho, emahlombe, emuva, entanyeni, noma emhlathini
• isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza nokukhathala okungavamile, okubonakala ikakhulu kwabesifazane abahlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo

Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu, shayela ku-911 ngokushesha.

Uma unesifo sikashukela, ushukela okweqile egazini lakho ekugcineni ungavimba imithambo yakho yegazi, uvimbele igazi ukuthi lifinyelele ebuchosheni bakho. Lokhu kungadala isifo sohlangothi.

Abantu abanesifo sikashukela banamathuba aphindwe ka-1.5 okuba nesifo sohlangothi kunalabo abangenaso isifo sikashukela.

Izici ezinobungozi besifo senhliziyo nesifo sohlangothi ziyafana. Lezo zinto zifaka phakathi ukuba:

• i-LDL ephezulu (“embi”) nele-cholesterol ephansi ye-HDL (“enhle”)
• umfutho wegazi ophakeme
• ukukhuluphala ngokweqile

Lokhu okulandelayo ngezinye zezimpawu ongazithola ngokuzumayo uma unestroke:

• ukuba ndikindiki ebusweni bakho, engalweni noma emlenzeni, imvamisa kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba wakho
• kunzima ukukhuluma noma ukuqonda omunye umuntu okhulumayo
• isiyezi
• izinkinga zombono kwelinye noma womabili amehlo
• ikhanda elibi kakhulu

Shayela u-911 ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu. Ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kuvame ukusebenza kuze kube ngamahora ama-3 ngemuva kokuvela kwesifo sohlangothi.

Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo

Abantu abanesifo sikashukela basengozini enkulu yokuthola ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, okubangelwa ukungakwazi kwenhliziyo ukupompa igazi elanele emzimbeni. Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo kungenye yezinkinga zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi okunesifo sikashukela.

Lezi ngezinye zezimpawu zokwehluleka kwenhliziyo:

• ukuphelelwa umoya
• ukukhwehlela nokuhefuzela
• imilenze evuvukile, izinyawo namaqakala
• ukukhathala

Bheka udokotela wakho uma unalezi zimpawu. Yize ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo kungalapheki, kungaphathwa ngempumelelo ngemithi noma ngokuhlinzwa.

Ukubonana nodokotela nini

Uma unesifo sikashukela futhi uhlangabezana nezimpawu zesifo senhliziyo ezifana nobuhlungu noma ingcindezi esifubeni sakho, ukuphefumula okuncane, noma ukukhathala, kufanele ubone udokotela wakho khona manjalo.

Bangancoma ukwenza ushintsho endleleni yokuphila nokudla ukudla okunempilo. Bangase banikeze nemithi. Lezi zincomo zingasindisa impilo yakho.

Manje njengoba usukuqonda kangcono ukuxhumana phakathi kwesifo senhliziyo nesifo sikashukela, sekuyisikhathi sokuthatha isinyathelo.

Noma nini lapho kungenzeka khona, yidla ukudla okunempilo, hlala ukhuthele, futhi wenze konke okusemandleni ukuphatha umfutho wegazi, ushukela wegazi, namazinga e-cholesterol.

Ukuba nesifo sikashukela akusho ukuthi uzophinde uhlakulele ezinye izimo, njengesifo senhliziyo.

Unamandla okuphatha izinto zakho eziyingozi futhi uthuthukise impilo yenhliziyo yakho ngokushintsha indlela ophila ngayo nokusebenza nodokotela wakho ukwakha uhlelo lokwelashwa olulungele wena.