Yini iZinker's Diverticulum futhi Iphathwa Kanjani?

-Delile

• Izigaba
• Ziyini izimpawu?
• Kubangelwa yini lokhu?
• Kutholakala kanjani?
• Indlela 'yokulinda ubone'
• Ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa
• Izinqubo ze-Endoscopic
• Ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile
• Yiziphi izinkinga?
• Umbono

Yini i-diverticulum kaZenker?

I-Diverticulum yigama lezokwelapha elisho isakhiwo esingajwayelekile, esifana nesikhwama. I-Diverticula ingakha cishe kuzo zonke izindawo zomgudu wokugaya ukudla.

Lapho isikhwama sakha lapho kuhlangana i-pharynx ne-esophagus, ibizwa nge-diverticulum yeZenker. Ipharynx itholakala ngemuva komphimbo wakho, ngemuva kwengquza nomlomo wakho.

I-diverticulum yeZenker ngokuvamile ivela ku-hypopharynx. Le yingxenye ye-bottommost yepharynx, lapho ijoyina khona i-tube (esophagus) eholela esiswini. I-diverticulum yeZenker ivame ukuvela endaweni eyaziwa ngokuthi unxantathu kaKillian.

I-diverticulum yeZenker ayivamile, ethinta phakathi kwabantu. Kuvame ukwenzeka kubantu abadala abaneminyaka yobudala nasebekhulile, ikakhulukazi abantu abakwiminyaka yama-70 no-80. I-diverticulum yeZenker ayivamile kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-40. Ithinta abesilisa kaningi kunabesifazane.

Kubizwa nangokuthi i-pharyngoesophageal diverticulum, i-hypopharyngeal diverticulum, noma isikhwama se-pharyngeal.

Izigaba

Kunezinhlelo ezahlukahlukene zokuhlukanisa i-diverticulum yeZenker:

Ziyini izimpawu?

Ubunzima bokugwinya, obaziwa nangokuthi i-dysphagia, uphawu oluvame kakhulu lwe-diverticulum yeZenker. Kubonakala kumaphesenti alinganiselwa kuma-80 kuya kwangu-90 abantu abane-diverticulum yeZenker.

Ezinye izimpawu nezimpawu ze-diverticulum yeZenker zifaka:

• ukuvuselela ukudla noma imithi yomlomo
• umoya omubi (halitosis)
• izwi elihoshozelayo
• ukukhwehlela okuphikelelayo
• ukugwinya uketshezi noma udaba lokudla "phansi kwepayipi elingalungile" (ukufisa)
• ukuzwa kwesigaxa emphinjeni wakho

Uma ishiywe ingalashwa, izimpawu ze-diverticulum yeZenker zingaba zimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Kubangelwa yini lokhu?

Ukugwinya kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi edinga ukuhlanganiswa kwemisipha esemlonyeni, ipharynx, nomphimbo. Uma ugwinya, kuvuleka imisipha eyisiyingi ebizwa ngokuthi i-upper esophageal sphincter ukuvumela udaba lokuhlafunwayo ludlule. Ngemuva kokugwinya, i-sphincter ephezulu yokuvala isisu iyavaleka ukuvimbela umoya ophefumulelwe ukungena ngaphakathi.

Ukwakheka kwe-diverticulum yeZenker kuhlobene nokusebenza okungaphezulu kwe-esophageal sphincter. Lapho i-sphincter ephezulu yokuqaqwa kwesisu ingavuli yonke indlela, ibeka ingcindezi endaweni yodonga lwepharynx. Le ngcindezi eyeqile ngokweqile iphusha izicubu ngaphandle, ibangele ukuthi yakhe i-diverticulum.

Isifo se-reflux se-Gastroesophageal (GERD) kanye nezinguquko ezihlobene nobudala ekwakhekeni kwezicubu nethoni yemisipha nakho kucatshangwa ukuthi kudlala indima kule nqubo.

Kutholakala kanjani?

Khuluma nodokotela wakho uma wena noma umuntu omkhathalelayo ehlangabezana nezimpawu ze-diverticulum yeZenker.

I-diverticulum yeZenker itholakala ukuthi isebenzisa ukuhlolwa okubizwa nge-barium swallow. Ukugwinya kwe-barium yi-X-ray ekhethekile egqamisa ingaphakathi lomlomo wakho, i-pharynx, ne-esophagus. I-barium swallow fluoroscopy ivumela udokotela wakho ukuthi abone ukuthi ugwinya kanjani lapho unyakaza.

Kwesinye isikhathi, ezinye izimo zikhona eceleni kwe-diverticulum yeZenker. Udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuthola noma ukukhipha ezinye izimo. I-endoscopy engenhla yinqubo ebandakanya ukusebenzisa ubukhulu obuncane, obunamakhamera ukubheka umphimbo nomphimbo. I-Esophageal manometry isivivinyo esilinganisa ingcindezi ngaphakathi komphimbo.

Indlela 'yokulinda ubone'

Amacala amancane we-diverticulum yeZenker angahle angadingi ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Ngokuya ngezimpawu zakho nosayizi we-diverticulum, udokotela wakho angase asikisele indlela "yokulinda ubone".

Ukushintsha imikhuba yakho yokudla kwesinye isikhathi kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni izimpawu. Zama ukudla ukudla okuncane ngesikhathi esisodwa, ukuhlafuna kahle, nokuphuza phakathi kokulunywa.

Ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa

Ukumaketha okumaphakathi kuya kokubi kwe-diverticulum yeZenker ngokuvamile kudinga ukuhlinzwa. Kunezinketho ezimbalwa zokuhlinzwa. Udokotela wakho angakusiza uqonde ukuthi iyiphi inketho ekufanele kakhulu.

Izinqubo ze-Endoscopic

Ngesikhathi se-endoscopy, udokotela ohlinzayo ufaka insimbi encane, efana nethubhu ebizwa ngokuthi i-endoscope emlonyeni wakho. I-endoscope ifakwe ukukhanya nekhamera. Ingasetshenziselwa ukwenza imbobo odongeni ehlukanisa i-diverticulum kulwelwesi lwe-esophagus.

Ama-endoscopy e-diverticulum kaZenker angaba lukhuni noma aguquguquke. I-endoscopy eqinile isebenzisa i-endoscope engavuleki futhi idinga i-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Ama-endoscopies aqinile adinga ukunwetshwa okukhulu kwentamo.

Ngenxa yobungozi bezinkinga, le nqubo ayinconywa kubantu abane:

• i-diverticulum encane
• inkomba yomzimba ephezulu
• ubunzima bokwelula intamo yabo

I-endoscopy eguquguqukayo isebenzisa i-endoscope egobekayo futhi ingenziwa ngaphandle kokubulala izinzwa okuvamile. Yindlela yokuhlinza engenasidingo etholakalayo yokwelapha i-diverticulum yeZenker. Imvamisa inqubo yokwelashwa ngaphandle ethwala ubungozi obuphansi bezinkinga.

Yize ama-endoscopy aguquguqukayo anganciphisa izimpawu ze-diverticulum yeZenker, amazinga wokuphindaphinda angaba phezulu. Izinqubo eziningi ze-endoscopy eziguquguqukayo zingasetshenziswa ukubhekana nezimpawu eziphindaphindayo.

Ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile

Lapho i-endoscopy ingenakwenzeka noma i-diverticulum inkulu, ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile kuyindlela elandelayo. Ukuhlinzwa kwe-diverticulum yeZenker kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthetic jikelele.

Udokotela ohlinzayo uzokwenza imbobo encane entanyeni yakho ukuze enze i-diverticulectomy. Lokhu kufaka ukuhlukanisa i-diverticulum odongeni lwakho lokuqina. Kwezinye izimo, udokotela ohlinzayo wenza i-diverticulopexy noma i-inversion eguquguqukayo. Lezi zinqubo zibandakanya ukuguqula isikhundla se-diverticulum nokuyithungela endaweni.

Ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile kunenani eliphezulu lokuphumelela, ngezimpawu ezingenakwenzeka ukuthi ziphinde zivele esikhathini eside esizayo. Kodwa-ke, kudinga ukuhlala esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbalwa futhi kwesinye isikhathi, ukubuyela esibhedlela ukukhipha imithungo. Ungahle udinge ukusebenzisa ithubhu yokondla isonto noma ngaphezulu ukulandela inqubo. Udokotela wakho angase asikisele ukulandela ukudla okukhethekile ngenkathi uphulukisa.

Yiziphi izinkinga?

Uma ishiywe ingalashwa, i-diverticulum yeZenker ingakhula ngosayizi, yenze izimpawu zakho zibe zimbi kakhulu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izimpawu ezinzima ezifana nobunzima bokugwinya nokuvuselelwa kungenza kube nzima ukuhlala uphilile. Ungase ubhekane nokungondleki.

Ukuphefumula kuyisibonakaliso se-diverticulum yeZenker. Kwenzeka lapho uhogela ukudla noma olunye udaba emaphashini esikhundleni sokukugwinya emqaleni. Izinkinga zokulangazelela zibandakanya i-aspiration pneumonia, ukutheleleka okwenzeka lapho ukudla, amathe, noma enye into ibhajwe emaphashini akho.

Ezinye izinkinga ezingavamile ze-diverticulum yeZenker zifaka:

• ukuvinjelwa kwe-esophageal (ukuminyanisa)
• ukopha (ukuphuma kwegazi)
• ukukhubazeka kwentambo yezwi
• squamous cell carcinoma
• amafistula

Cishe amaphesenti ayi-10 kuye kwangama-30 abantu abahlinzwa ngokuvulelekile ngenxa yezinkinga ze-diversiculum zikaZenker. Izinkinga ezingaba khona zifaka:

• inyumoniya
• i-mediastinitis
• ukulimala kwemizwa (ukukhubazeka)
• ukopha (ukuphuma kwegazi)
• ukwakheka kwe-fistula
• ukutheleleka
• stenosis

Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngobungozi bokuhlinzwa okuvulelekile kwe-diverticulum yeZenker.

Umbono

I-diverticulum yeZenker yisimo esingajwayelekile esivame ukuthinta abantu abadala asebekhulile. Kwenzeka lapho isikhwama sezinhlobo zezicubu lapho i-pharynx ihlangana khona nomphimbo.

Izinhlobo ezincane ze-diverticulum yeZenker kungenzeka zingadingi ukwelashwa. Ukwelashwa kwezinhlobo ezimaphakathi nezimbi zeZenker's diverticulum ngokuvamile kubandakanya ukuhlinzwa.

Umbono wesikhathi eside we-diverticulum kaZenker muhle. Ngokwelashwa, iningi labantu libona ukuthuthuka kwezimpawu.