Ukunqunywa okubuhlungu

Ukunqunywa okubuhlungu ukulahlekelwa yingxenye yomzimba, imvamisa umunwe, uzwane, ingalo, noma umlenze, okwenzeka ngenxa yengozi noma ukulimala.

Uma ingozi noma ukuhlukumezeka kuholela ekunqunyweni okuphelele (ingxenye yomzimba isuswe ngokuphelele), ingxenye kwesinye isikhathi ingaphinde inanyathiselwe, imvamisa lapho kunakekelwa kahle ingxenye enqunyiwe kanye nesiphunzi, noma isitho esisele.

Ekunqanyulweni okuyingxenye, kusala ukuxhumana okuthile kwezicubu ezithambile. Ngokuya ngokuthi ukulimala kukhulu kangakanani, umkhawulo ohlukaniswe kancane ungahle noma ungakwazi ukuphinda unamathiselwe.

Izinkinga zivame ukwenzeka lapho kunqunywa isitho somzimba. Okubaluleke kakhulu kulokhu ukuphuma kwegazi, ukushaqeka nokutheleleka.

Umphumela wesikhathi eside we-amputee uncike ekuphathweni kwezimo eziphuthumayo kanye nokunakekelwa okubucayi. Isitho sokufakelwa esisebenza kahle futhi esisebenzayo nokuqeqeshwa kabusha kungasheshisa ukuvuselelwa.

Ukunqunywa okuhlukumezayo kuvame ukubangelwa yimboni, ipulazi, izingozi zamathuluzi kagesi, noma izingozi zezimoto. Izinhlekelele zemvelo, impi nokuhlasela kwamaphekula nakho kungadala ukunqunywa izitho okubuhlungu.

Izimpawu zingafaka:

• Ukopha (kungaba kuncane noma kube nzima, kuya ngendawo kanye nemvelo yokulimala)
• Ubuhlungu (ubukhulu bezinhlungu abuhlobene ngaso sonke isikhathi nobukhulu bokulimala noma inani lokopha)
• Izicubu zomzimba ezichotshoziwe (ezimile kabi, kepha zihlanganiswe kancane yimisipha, ithambo, imisipha, noma isikhumba)

Izinyathelo okufanele zithathwe:

• Bheka indlela yomoya yomuntu (vula uma kunesidingo); hlola ukuphefumula nokujikeleza kwegazi. Uma kunesidingo, qala ukutakula ukuphefumula, ukuvuselelwa kwe-cardiopulmonary (CPR), noma ukulawula ukopha.
• Shayela usizo lwezokwelapha.
• Zama ukwehlisa umoya futhi umqinisekise lowo muntu ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukunqunywa komzimba kubuhlungu futhi kuyethusa kakhulu.
• Lawula ukopha ngokusebenzisa ingcindezi eqondile enxebeni. Phakamisa indawo elimele. Uma ukuphuma kwegazi kuqhubeka, hlola umthombo wokopha bese uphinde ufake ingcindezi ngqo, ngosizo oluvela kothile ongakhathali. Uma umuntu opha igazi elisongela impilo, ibhandishi eliqinile noma i-tourniquet kuzoba lula ukuyisebenzisa kunokucindezela okuqondile enxebeni. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenzisa ibhandeshi eliqinile isikhathi eside kungalimaza kakhulu kunokulunga.
• Gcina noma yiziphi izitho zomzimba ezinqunyiwe futhi uqiniseke ukuthi zihlala nomuntu. Uma kunokwenzeka, susa noma iyiphi into engcolile engangcolisa isilonda, bese ugeza ngobumnene ingxenye yomzimba uma isiphetho esisikiwe singcolile.
• Songa ingxenye enqunyiwe ngendwangu ehlanzekile, emanzi, uyibeke esikhwameni sepulasitiki esivaliwe bese ufaka isikhwama kubhavu wamanzi weqhwa.
• UNGABEKI isitho somzimba ngqo emanzini noma eqhweni ngaphandle kokusebenzisa upulasitiki.
• UNGAYIBEKI ngqo ingxenye ehlukanisiwe eqhweni. UNGAYisebenzisi iqhwa elomile ngoba lokhu kuzodala isithwathwa nokulimala kwengxenye.
• Uma amanzi abandayo engatholakali, gcina ingxenye ekude nokushisa ngangokunokwenzeka. Yigcinele iqembu lezokwelapha, noma uyise esibhedlela. Ukupholisa ingxenye enqunyiwe kuvumela ukuphinda kufakwe kabusha esikhathini esizayo. Ngaphandle kokupholisa, ingxenye enqunyiwe ilungele kuphela ukunamathisela kabusha amahora angaba ngu-4 kuye kwayi-6.
• Gcina umuntu efudumele futhi ezolile.
• Thatha izinyathelo ukuvimbela ukushaqeka. Beka umuntu isicaba, phakamisa izinyawo cishe ngamasentimitha angu-12 (30 centimeters), bese umboza umuntu ngejazi noma ngengubo. UNGAMBEKI umuntu kule ndawo uma kusolwa ukulimala ekhanda, entanyeni, emhlane noma emlenzeni noma uma kwenza umuntu ohlukunyezwayo angakhululeki.
• Uma ukopha sekulawulekile, hlola lowo muntu ukuthola ezinye izimpawu zokulimala ezidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo. Phatha ama-fractures, ukusikeka okungeziwe, nokunye ukulimala ngokufanele.
• Hlala nalo muntu kuze kufike usizo lwezokwelapha.

• Ungakhohlwa ukuthi ukonga impilo yomuntu kubaluleke ngaphezu kokonga isitho somzimba.
• UNGAKUKHATHAZI okunye ukulimala okungabonakali.
• Ungazami ukududula noma iyiphi ingxenye ibuyele endaweni yayo.
• UNGANQUMI ukuthi isitho somzimba sincane kakhulu ukuthi singalondolozwa.
• UNGABEKI i-tourniquet, ngaphandle uma ukopha kuyingozi empilweni, njengoba kungalimala isitho sonke.
• UNGAKHULULEKI amathemba amanga okuxhunyaniswa kabusha.

Uma othile eqa isitho, umunwe, uzwane, noma olunye uhlangothi lomzimba, kufanele ushayele ucingo ngokushesha ukuze uthole usizo oluphuthumayo lwezokwelapha.

Sebenzisa imishini yokuphepha lapho usebenzisa amathuluzi asefektri, epulazini noma kagesi. Bopha amabhande esihlalo lapho ushayela imoto. Njalo sebenzisa ukwahlulela okuhle futhi ubheke izindlela zokuphepha ezifanele.

Ukulahlekelwa isitho somzimba

• Ukunqunywa unyawo - ukukhishwa
• Ukunqunywa umlenze - ukukhishwa

• Ukulungiswa kokunqunywa

Iwebhusayithi yeAmerican Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons. Ukulimala kweminwe nokunqunywa. orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases--conditions/fingertip-injury-and-amputations. Kubuyekezwe uJulayi 2016. Kufinyelelwe ngo-Okthoba 9, 2020.

URose E. Ukuphathwa kwezitho zokunqunywa. Ku: Roberts JR, Custalow CB, Thomsen TW, ama-eds. Izinqubo Zomtholampilo zikaRoberts & Hedges e-Emergency Medicine kanye ne-Acute Care. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 47.

ISwitzer JA, iBovard RS, iQuinn RH. Odokotela bamathambo basehlane. Ku: Auerbach PS, Cushing TA, Harris NS, eds. Imithi Yasehlane Lase-Auerbach. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 22.