I-Atelectasis

I-Atelectasis ukuwa kwengxenye noma, okungafani kakhulu, nawo wonke amaphaphu.

I-Atelectasis ibangelwa ukuvinjelwa kwezindima zomoya (i-bronchus noma i-bronchioles) noma ingcindezi engaphandle kwamaphaphu.

I-Atelectasis ayifani nolunye uhlobo lwephaphu elibhidlikile elibizwa ngokuthi i-pneumothorax, elenzeka lapho umoya uphuma emaphashini. Umoya bese ugcwalisa isikhala esingaphandle kwamaphaphu, phakathi kodonga lwamaphaphu nolwesifuba.

I-Atelectasis ijwayelekile ngemuva kokuhlinzwa noma kubantu abasesibhedlela noma abebesesibhedlela.

Izici zobungozi zokukhulisa i-atelectasis zifaka:

• Ukubulawa izinzwa
• Ukusetshenziswa kwepayipi lokuphefumula
• Into yangaphandle esendleleni yomoya (ejwayeleke kakhulu ezinganeni)
• Isifo samaphaphu
• I-Mucus exhuma umoya
• Ingcindezi emaphashini ebangelwa ukwanda ketshezi phakathi kwezimbambo namaphaphu (okubizwa ngokuthi yi-pleural effusion)
• Ukuphumula kombhede isikhathi eside kunezinguquko ezimbalwa esimweni
• Ukuphefumula kancane (kungabangelwa ukuphefumula okubuhlungu noma ubuthakathaka bemisipha)
• Amathumba avimba indlela yomoya

Izimpawu zingafaka noma yikuphi okulandelayo:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumula
• Ubuhlungu besifuba
• Khwehlela

Azikho izimpawu uma i-atelectasis imnene.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi une-atelectasis, izivivinyo ezilandelayo kungenzeka zenziwe ukubuka amaphaphu nemigwaqo yomoya:

• Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba ngokulalela (ngokulalela) noma ngokushaya (ngokuthepha) isifuba
• I-Bronchoscopy
• Isifuba se-CT noma se-MRI
• I-x-ray yesifuba

Inhloso yokwelashwa ukuphatha imbangela eyisisekelo nokwandisa kabusha izicubu zamaphaphu eziwile. Uma uketshezi kufaka ingcindezi emaphashini, ukususa uketshezi kungavumela iphaphu ukuthi likhule.

Ukwelashwa kufaka okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kokulandelayo:

• Shaya (ukushaya) esifubeni ukukhulula ama-mucus plugs asemoyeni.
• Ukuzivocavoca okujulile (ngosizo lwamadivayisi we-spirometry wokukhuthaza).
• Susa noma ukhulule noma yikuphi ukuvinjelwa ezindleleni zomoya nge-bronchoscopy.
• Tshekisa umuntu ukuze ikhanda liphansi kunesifuba (esibizwa nge-postural drainage). Lokhu kuvumela amafinyila ukukhipha kalula.
• Phatha isimila noma esinye isimo.
• Guqula umuntu alale ngohlangothi oluphilile, avumele indawo ewayo yamaphaphu ukuthi ikhule kabusha.
• Sebenzisa imishanguzo ehogelwayo ukuvula umoya.
• Sebenzisa amanye amadivayisi asiza ukukhuphula ingcindezi enhle ezindleleni zomoya nokucwenga uketshezi.
• Yiba nomdlandla womzimba uma kungenzeka

Kumuntu omdala, i-atelectasis endaweni encane yamaphaphu imvamisa akuyona impilo esongela. Lonke iphaphu lingenza indawo ewayo, lilethe umoya-mpilo owenele ukuze umzimba usebenze.

Izindawo ezinkulu ze-atelectasis zingasongela impilo, imvamisa enganeni noma enganeni encane, noma kothile onesifo samaphaphu noma ukugula.

Iphaphu eliwohlokile livame ukugcwala kancane uma ukuvinjelwa komoya kususiwe. Ukugqashuka noma ukulimala kungahlala.

Umbono uncike kwisifo esiyimbangela. Isibonelo, abantu abanomdlavuza omkhulu kaningi abenzi kahle, kanti labo abane-atelectasis elula ngemuva kokuhlinzwa banomphumela omuhle kakhulu.

I-pneumonia ingakhula ngokushesha ngemuva kwe-atelectasis engxenyeni ethintekile yamaphaphu.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha uma uba nezimpawu ze-atelectasis.

Ukuvimbela i-atelectasis:

• Khuthaza ukunyakaza nokuphefumula okujulile kunoma ngubani olele embhedeni isikhathi eside.
• Gcina izinto ezincane lapho izingane ezincane zingakwazi ukufinyelela kuzo.
• Gcina ukuphefumula okujulile ngemuva kwe-anesthesia.

Ukuwa kwamaphaphu kancane

• I-Bronchoscopy
• Amaphaphu
• Uhlelo lokuphefumula

UCarlsen KH, uCrowley S, uSmevik B. Atelectasis. Ku: Wilmott RW, Deterding R, Li A, et al. Ukuphazamiseka kweKendig's the Respiratory Tract in Children. Umhlaka 9.IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 70.

INagji AS, uJolissaint JS, uLau CL. I-Atelectasis. Ku: Kellerman RD, Rakel DP, ama-eds. Ukwelashwa Kwamanje kukaConn 2021. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: 850-850.

Rozenfeld RA. I-Atelectasis. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhlaka 21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 437.