Amebiasis

I-Amebiasis ukutheleleka kwamathumbu. Kubangelwa amagciwane amancane kakhulu I-Entamoeba histolytica.

I-histolytica ingahlala emathunjini amakhulu (ikholoni) ngaphandle kokulimaza amathumbu. Kwezinye izimo, lungena odongeni lwamakholoni, lubangele i-colitis, isifo sohudo olunamandla, noma isifo sohudo sesikhathi eside (esingapheli). Ukutheleleka kungasakazeka nangegazi kuze kufike esibindini. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ingasakazeka emaphashini, ebuchosheni, noma kwezinye izitho.

Lesi simo senzeka emhlabeni wonke. Kuvame kakhulu ezindaweni ezishisayo ezigcwele izimo zokuphila kanye nezindlu zangasese ezingekho esimeni esifanele. I-Afrika, iMexico, izingxenye zeNingizimu Melika, kanye neNdiya zinezinkinga ezinkulu zempilo ngenxa yalesi simo.

Amagciwane angasakazeka:

• Ngokudla noma amanzi angcoliswe indle
• Ngomanyolo owenziwe ngodoti womuntu
• Kusuka kumuntu kuya komuntu, ikakhulukazi ngokuthintana nomlomo noma indawo eyi-rectal yomuntu onegciwane

Izici zobungozi be-amebiasis enzima zifaka:

• Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala
• Umdlavuza
• Ukungondleki
• Umdala noma omncane
• Ukukhulelwa
• Ukuhambela kwakamuva esifundeni esishisayo
• Ukusetshenziswa komuthi we-corticosteroid ukucindezela amasosha omzimba

E-United States, i-amebiasis ivame kakhulu kulabo abahlala ezikhungweni noma kubantu abaye ezindaweni lapho i-amebiasis ijwayelekile khona.

Iningi labantu abanalesi sifo abanazo izimpawu. Uma kwenzeka izimpawu, zibonakala ezinsukwini eziyi-7 kuya kwezingama-28 ngemuva kokuvezwa amagciwane.

Izimpawu ezincane zingafaka:

• Amajaqamba esiswini
• Isifo sohudo: ukudlula kwezitulo ezi-3 kuya kwezingu-8 ezilungisiwe ngosuku, noma ukudlula kwezitulo ezithambile ezinamafinyila kanye negazi ngezikhathi ezithile
• Ukukhathala
• Igesi eyeqile
• Ubuhlungu bokubukeka ngenkathi unyakaza amathumbu (i-tenesmus)
• Ukwehla kwesisindo ngokungenhloso

Izimpawu ezinzima zingafaka:

• Ubumnene besisu
• Izitulo ezinegazi, kufaka phakathi indle yezingubo eziwuketshezi ezinezigaxa zegazi, ukudlula kwezihlalo eziyi-10 kuye kwezingu-20 ngosuku
• Imfiva
• Ukuhlanza

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba. Uzobuzwa ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi uma usanda kuhambela phesheya kwezilwandle.

Ukuhlolwa kwesisu kungakhombisa ukukhuliswa kwesibindi noma ubumnene esiswini (imvamisa ku-quadarant ephezulu yangakwesokudla).

Izivivinyo ezinga-odwa zifaka:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-amebiasis
• Ukuhlolwa kwangaphakathi kwamathumbu amakhulu aphansi (sigmoidoscopy)
• Ukuhlolwa kwendle
• Ukuhlolwa kwemicroscope kwamasampula endle, imvamisa kunamasampula amaningi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa

Ukwelashwa kuya ngokuthi isifo sinamandla kangakanani. Ngokuvamile, kunqunywa ama-antibiotic.

Uma uhlanza, unganikezwa imithi ngomthambo (ngemithambo) uze ukwazi ukuyiphuza ngomlomo. Imithi yokuqeda uhudo imvamisa ayibekiwe ngoba ingenza isimo sibe sibi kakhulu.

Ngemuva kokwelashwa kwama-antibiotic, indle yakho kungenzeka iphinde ihlolwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukutheleleka kusuliwe.

Umphumela uvame ukuba muhle ngokwelashwa. Imvamisa ukugula kuthatha cishe amasonto ama-2, kepha kungabuya uma ungalashwa.

Izinkinga ze-amebiasis zingafaka:

• Ithumba lesibindi (ukuqoqwa kobomvu esibindini)
• Imiphumela emibi yezokwelapha, kufaka phakathi isicanucanu
• Ukusakazeka kwamagciwane egazini kuye esibindini, emaphashini, ebuchosheni, noma kwezinye izitho

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uma unesifo sohudo esingapheli noma esiba sibi kakhulu.

Lapho uhamba emazweni lapho ukuhlanzeka kuhlanzekile, phuza amanzi ahlanziwe noma abilisiwe. Ungayidli imifino engaphekiwe noma izithelo ezingasikiwe. Geza izandla zakho ngemuva kokugeza kanye nangaphambi kokudla.

Uhudo lwama-Amebic; Amebiasis emathunjini; I-Amebic colitis; Uhudo - amebiasis

• Ithumba lobuchopho be-Amebic
• Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla
• Izitho zohlelo lokugaya ukudla
• Ithumba le-Pyogenic

UBogitsh BJ, uCarter CE, u-Oeltmann TN. I-visceral protista I: ama-rhizopods (amoebae) nama-ciliophorans. Ku: Bogitsh BJ, Carter CE, Oeltmann TN, eds. I-Parasitology Yabantu. Umhlaka 5. ILondon, e-UK: I-Elsevier Academic Press; 2019: isahluko 4.

UPetri WA, Haque R, Moonah SN. Izinhlobo ze-Entamoeba, kufaka phakathi i-amebic colitis kanye nethumba lesibindi. Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ama-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kanye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 272.