Irekhodi lezintuthuko - iminyaka emi-4

Ingane ejwayelekile yeminyaka engu-4 izokhombisa amakhono athile ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. Lawa makhono abizwa ngokuthi yingqophamlando yentuthuko.

Zonke izingane zikhula ngokuhlukile. Uma ukhathazekile ngokukhula kwengane yakho, khuluma nomhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo yengane yakho.

EMZIMBENI NESIMOTO

Ngonyaka wesine, ingane ngokwejwayelekile:

• Ukuzuza isisindo ngesilinganiso sama-gramu ayi-6 (ngaphansi kwengxenye eyodwa kwezine ye-ounce) ngosuku
• Inesisindo esingamakhilogremu angama-18 (18.14 kilograms) futhi ingamasentimitha angama-40 (101.6 cm) ubude
• Inombono ka-20/20
• Ulala amahora ayi-11 kuya kwayi-13 ebusuku, imvamisa ngaphandle kokulala emini
• Ikhula ibe ukuphakama okuphindwe kabili kubude bokuzalwa
• Ibonisa ibhalansi ethuthukisiwe
• Uhogo ngonyawo olulodwa ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ibhalansi
• Iphonsa ibhola ngokweqile ngokuhlanganisa
• Ungasika isithombe usebenzisa isikele
• Kwangathi usengamanzisa umbhede

UKUZWA NOKUQONDA

Umntwana oneminyaka engu-4 ubudala:

• Ine silulumagama esingaphezu kwamagama ayi-1 000
• Ibeka kalula imisho yamagama ama-4 noma ama-5
• Ungasebenzisa inkathi edlule
• Ungabala ku-4
• Sizoba nelukuluku lokwazi futhi ngibuze imibuzo eminingi
• Bangasebenzisa amagama abangawaqondi ngokugcwele
• Ungaqala ukusebenzisa amagama anenhlamba
• Ufunda futhi ucula izingoma ezilula
• Uzama ukuzimela kakhulu
• Kwangathi kungakhombisa ukwanda kokuziphatha okunolaka
• Ukhuluma ngezindaba zomndeni wakhe kwabanye
• Imvamisa inabadlali odlala nabo abacabangelayo
• Unokuqonda okwengeziwe kwesikhathi
• Iyakwazi ukutshela umehluko phakathi kwezinto ezimbili, ngokususelwa ezintweni ezifana nosayizi nesisindo
• Ingenayo imiqondo yokuziphatha ngokulungile nokungalungile
• Amahlongandlebe uma kulindelwe okukhulu kuwo

DLALA

Njengomzali wengane eneminyaka engu-4, kufanele:

• Khuthaza futhi unikeze isikhala somsebenzi womzimba.
• Khombisa ingane yakho ukuthi ingabamba iqhaza kanjani futhi ilandele imithetho yemidlalo.
• Khuthaza ukudlala nokwabelana nezinye izingane.
• Khuthaza ukudlala ngobuciko.
• Fundisa ingane yakho ukwenza imisebenzi emincane, njengokubeka itafula.
• Fundani ndawonye.
• Nciphisa isikhathi sesikrini (ithelevishini neminye imidiya) kumahora ama-2 ngosuku wezinhlelo zekhwalithi.
• Vulela ingane yakho ezintweni ezahlukahlukene ngokuvakashela izindawo zasendaweni onentshisekelo kuzo.

Imigqa ejwayelekile yokukhula kwengane - iminyaka emi-4; Umlando wokukhula kwezingane - iminyaka engu-4; Umlando wokukhula kwengane - iminyaka emi-4; Kahle ingane - 4 iminyaka

Iwebhusayithi yaseAmerican Academy of Pediatrics. Izincomo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo kokuvikela izingane. www.aap.org/en-us/Documents/periodicity_schedule.pdf. Kubuyekezwe uFebhuwari 2017. Kufinyelelwe ngoNovemba 14, 2018.

Feigelman S. Iminyaka yasenkulisa. Ku: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St Geme JW, Schor NF, ama-eds. Incwadi kaNelson Yezingane. Umhla ka-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 12.

UMarcdante KJ, uKliegman RM. Ukuthuthuka okujwayelekile. Ku: UMarcdante KJ, uKliegman RM, ama-eds. UNelson Essentials Pediatrics. Umhlaka 8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahluko 7.