Izinkinga zesikhathi eside zesifo sikashukela

Isifo sikashukela senza ushukela wegazi lakho uphakeme kunokujwayelekile. Ngemuva kweminyaka eminingi, ushukela omningi egazini ungadala izinkinga emzimbeni wakho. Kungalimaza amehlo akho, izinso, izinzwa, isikhumba, inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.

• Ungaba nezinkinga zamehlo. Ungaba nenkinga yokubona, ikakhulukazi ebusuku. Ukukhanya kungakhathaza amehlo akho. Ungaba yimpumputhe.
• Izinyawo zakho nesikhumba sakho kungaba nezilonda nezifo. Uma iqhubeka isikhathi eside kakhulu, izinzwane zakho, unyawo, noma umlenze kungadinga ukunqunywa. Ukutheleleka kungadala nobuhlungu, ukulunywa, noma ukuphuma ezinyaweni, emilenzeni nakwezinye izindawo.
• Isifo sikashukela singenza kube nzima ukulawula umfutho wegazi kanye ne-cholesterol yakho. Lokhu kungaholela ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, nezinye izinkinga. Kungaba nzima ukuthi igazi ligobhozele emilenzeni nasezinyaweni.
• Imithambo yegazi emzimbeni ingalimala, idale izinhlungu, ukuvutha, ukuhayiza, nokulahlekelwa yimizwa. Ukulimala kwemithambo kungenza kube nzima ngamadoda ukuthi akhe ukwakhiwa.
• Ungaba nezinkinga ukugaya ukudla okudlayo. Ungaba nenkinga yokunyakaza kwamathumbu (ukuqunjelwa) noma ukunyakaza kwamathumbu okuxegayo noma okunamanzi.
• Ushukela ophakeme wegazi nezinye izinkinga kungaholela ekulimaleni kwezinso. Izinso zakho kungenzeka zingasebenzi kahle futhi zingaze ziyeke nokusebenza. Ngenxa yalokho, ungadinga i-dialysis noma ukufakelwa izinso.
• Isifo sikashukela singenza amasosha akho omzimba abe buthakathaka. Lokhu kungakwenza ube nethuba lokuba nezinkinga ezinkulu ezivela ezifweni ezivamile.
• Abantu abanesifo sikashukela bavame ukuba nokudangala futhi lezi zifo ezimbili zingaxhunywa.
• Abanye besifazane abanesifo sikashukela bangaba nezikhathi ezingajwayelekile futhi bangaba nezinkinga zokukhulelwa.
• Isifo sikashukela sandisa ubungozi bokuwohloka komqondo.
• Isifo sikashukela sandisa ingozi yezifo zamathambo, kufaka phakathi i-osteoporosis.
• Ushukela wegazi ophansi (i-hypoglycemia) ekwelashweni kwesifo sikashukela nakho kungandisa ubungozi besifo senhliziyo.

Ukugcina ushukela wegazi lakho uhla olunempilo kunciphisa zonke izinkinga zesifo sikashukela.

Kubalulekile ukugcina umfutho wegazi kanye ne-cholesterol yakho isendaweni efanele.

Kufanele ufunde lezi zinyathelo eziyisisekelo zokuphatha isifo sikashukela nokuhlala uphilile ngangokunokwenzeka. Izinyathelo zingafaka:

• Ukudla okunempilo
• Umsebenzi womzimba
• Imithi

Ungadinga ukuhlola ushukela wegazi nsuku zonke noma kaningi. Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzokusiza ngoku-oda ukuhlolwa kwegazi nokunye ukuhlolwa. Konke lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi ugcine izinkinga zesifo sikashukela zikude.

Uzodinga ukuhlola izinga likashukela egazini lakho ekhaya.

• Uzosebenzisa umshini okhethekile obizwa ngemitha yeglucose ukuhlola ushukela wegazi lakho. Umhlinzeki wakho uzokwazisa uma udinga ukuyihlola nsuku zonke nokuthi kangaki ngosuku.
• Umhlinzeki wakho uzokutshela nokuthi yiziphi izinombolo zikashukela wegazi ozama ukuzizuza. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuphatha ushukela wegazi lakho. Lezi zinhloso zizobekwa ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene phakathi nosuku.

Ukuvimbela isifo senhliziyo nesifo sohlangothi, ungacelwa ukuthi uthathe umuthi futhi ushintshe indlela odla ngayo nomsebenzi wakho:

• Umhlinzeki wakho angakucela ukuthi uphuze umuthi obizwa nge-ACE inhibitor noma umuthi ohlukile obizwa nge-ARB, ukuze uthole umfutho wegazi ophezulu noma izinkinga zezinso.
• Umhlinzeki wakho angakucela ukuthi uthathe umuthi obizwa nge- statin ukugcina i-cholesterol yakho iphansi.
• Umhlinzeki wakho angakucela ukuthi uthathe i-aspirin ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Buza umhlinzeki wakho uma i-aspirin ikulungele.
• Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kuhle kubantu abanesifo sikashukela. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho kuqala mayelana nokuthi yikuphi ukuzivocavoca okungcono kakhulu kuwe nokuthi kufanele uvivinye umzimba kangakanani nsuku zonke.
• Ungabhemi. Ukubhema kwenza izinkinga zesifo sikashukela zibe zimbi kakhulu. Uma ubhema, sebenzisana nomhlinzeki wakho ukuthola indlela yokuyeka.

Ukugcina izinyawo zakho ziphilile, kufanele:

• Hlola futhi unakekele izinyawo zakho nsuku zonke.
• Thola ukuhlolwa kwezinyawo ngumhlinzeki wakho okungenani njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya kweziyishumi nambili futhi ufunde ukuthi ngabe unomonakalo wezinzwa.
• Qiniseka ukuthi ugqoke izinhlobo ezifanele zamasokisi nezicathulo.

Umhlengikazi noma isazi sokudla uzokufundisa ngokukhetha okuhle kokudla ukwehlisa ushukela wegazi futhi uhlale uphilile. Qiniseka ukuthi uyakwazi ukubeka ndawonye ukudla okulinganiselayo namaprotheni kanye nefayibha.

Uma unesifo sikashukela, kufanele ubone abahlinzeki bakho njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu. Kulokhu kuvakashelwa umhlinzeki wakho anga:

• Buza ngezinga likashukela egazini lakho (njalo letha imitha yakho yeglucose egazini kukho konke ukuvakasha uma uhlola ushukela wegazi ekhaya)
• Hlola umfutho wegazi lakho
• Hlola umuzwa ezinyaweni zakho
• Hlola isikhumba namathambo ezinyawo zakho nasemilenzeni
• Hlola ingxenye engemuva yamehlo akho

Umhlinzeki angakuthumela naselebhu yokuhlolelwa igazi nomchamo ku:

• Qiniseka ukuthi izinso zakho zisebenza kahle (minyaka yonke)
• Qiniseka ukuthi amazinga akho e-cholesterol ne-triglyceride aphilile (minyaka yonke)
• Hlola izinga lakho le-A1C ukubona ukuthi ushukela wakho wegazi ulawulwa kahle kangakanani (njalo ezinyangeni ezi-3 kuye kwezi-6)

Vakashela udokotela wamazinyo njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Kufanele ubone udokotela wamehlo wakho kanye ngonyaka. Umhlinzeki wakho angakucela ukuthi ubonane nodokotela wamehlo kaningi.

Izinkinga zesifo sikashukela - isikhathi eside

• Iso
• Ukunakekelwa kwezinyawo zesifo sikashukela
• I-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela
• I-nephropathy yesifo sikashukela

I-American Diabetes Association. 5. Ukwenza kube lula ukushintsha kokuziphatha nenhlalakahle ukwenza ngcono imiphumela yezempilo: Amazinga Wokunakekelwa Kwezokwelapha Esifo Sikashukela-2020. Ukunakekelwa yisifo sikashukela. 2020; 43 (Suppl 1): S48-S65. I-PMID: 31862748 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31862748/.

UBrownlee M, Aiello LP, uSun JK, et al. Izinkinga zesifo sikashukela. Ku: Melmed S, Auchus, RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, abahleli. Incwadi kaWilliams ye-Endocrinology. Umhlaka 14. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 37.

• Izinkinga Zesifo Sikashukela