Ukushoda kwe-Vitamin B12 anemia

I-anemia yisimo lapho umzimba ungenawo amangqamuzana egazi abomvu anele anele. Amangqamuzana abomvu egazi anikeza umoya-mpilo ezicutshini zomzimba. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-anemia.

Ukushoda kwe-Vitamin B12 i-anemia ukubalwa kweseli elibomvu eliphansi ngenxa yokushoda (ukushoda) kukavithamini B12.

Umzimba wakho udinga uvithamini B12 ukwenza amangqamuzana abomvu egazi. Ukuze unikeze i-vitamin B12 kumaseli akho:

• Kufanele udle ukudla okuqukethe uvithamini B12, njengenyama, izinkukhu, izimbaza, amaqanda, okusanhlamvu kwasekuseni okuqinisiwe nemikhiqizo yobisi.
• Umzimba wakho kufanele umunce uvithamini B12 owanele. Iphrotheni ekhethekile, ebizwa nge-intrinsic factor, isiza umzimba wakho ukwenza lokhu. Le phrotheni ikhishwa ngamangqamuzana esiswini.

Ukuntuleka kukavithamini B12 kungaba ngenxa yezici zokudla, kufaka phakathi:

• Ukudla ukudla okuqinile kwemifino
• Ukudla okungafanele ezinganeni
• Ukungondleki kahle ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa

Izimo ezithile zempilo zingenza kube nzima emzimbeni wakho ukuthola i-vitamin B12 eyanele. Kubandakanya:

• Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala
• Isifo seCrohn, isifo se-celiac, ukutheleleka nge-tapeworm yezinhlanzi, noma ezinye izinkinga ezenza kube nzima emzimbeni wakho ukugaya ukudla
• I-anemia enamandla, uhlobo lwe-vitamin B12 anemia olwenzeka lapho umzimba wakho ubhubhisa amaseli enza into yangaphakathi
• Ukuhlinzwa okususa izingxenye ezithile zesisu sakho noma amathumbu amancane, njengokuhlinzwa okwehlisa isisindo
• Ukuthatha ama-antacids neminye imithi yesilungulela isikhathi eside
• Ukuhlukumeza "igesi ehlekayo" (i-nitrous oxide)

Ungahle ungabi nazimpawu. Izimpawu zingaba mnene.

Izimpawu zingafaka:

• Uhudo noma ukuqunjelwa
• Ukukhathala, ukungabi namandla, noma ikhanda elikhanyayo lapho umile noma ngokuzikhandla
• Ukuphelelwa isifiso sokudla
• Isikhumba esiphaphathekile
• Ukuzizwa uthukuthele
• Ukuphefumula kancane, ikakhulu ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca umzimba
• Ivuvukile, ibomvu ulimi noma izinsini ezophayo

Uma unezinga eliphansi levithamini B12 isikhathi eside, ungaba nomonakalo wezinzwa. Izimpawu zokulimala kwezinzwa zibandakanya:

• Ukudideka noma ukuguquka kwesimo sengqondo (ukuwohloka komqondo) ezimweni ezinzima
• Izinkinga ukugxila
• I-Psychosis (ukulahlekelwa ukuxhumana neqiniso)
• Ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi
• Ukuba ndikindiki nokuthinteka kwezandla nezinyawo
• Ukusangana

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba. Lokhu kungaveza izinkinga ngemicabango yakho.

Ukuhlolwa okungenziwa kufaka phakathi:

• Qedela ukubalwa kwegazi (CBC)
• Ukubalwa kwe-Reticulocyte
• Izinga le-Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
• Izinga le-serum bilirubin
• Izinga le-Vitamin B12
• Izinga le-Methylmalonic acid (MMA)
• Izinga le-serum homocysteine ​​(i-amino acid etholakala egazini)

Ezinye izinqubo ezingenziwa zifaka:

• I-Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) yokuhlola isisu
• Enteroscopy ukuhlola amathumbu amancane
• I-bone marrow biopsy uma ukuxilongwa kungacaci

Ukwelashwa kuya ngesizathu sokushoda kwe-B12 anemia.

Inhloso yokwelashwa ukwandisa izinga lakho le-vitamin B12.

• Ukwelashwa kungafaka ukudubula kukavithamini B12 kanye ngenyanga. Uma unezinga eliphansi kakhulu le-B12, ungahle udinge amashothi amaningi ekuqaleni. Kungenzeka ukuthi ungadinga isibhamu njalo ngenyanga impilo yakho yonke.
• Abanye abantu bangaphendula ekwelashweni ngokuthatha izithako ze-vitamin B12 ngomlomo.

Umhlinzeki wakho uzoncoma nokuthi udle ukudla okwahlukahlukene.

Abantu abanalolu hlobo lwe-anemia bavame ukwenza kahle ngokwelashwa.

Ukushoda kwe-vitamin B12 yesikhathi eside kungadala ukulimala kwezinzwa. Lokhu kungaba unomphela uma ungaqali ukwelashwa ezinyangeni eziyisithupha lapho kuqala khona izimpawu zakho.

Ukushoda kwe-Vitamin B12 anemia kuvame ukuphendula kahle ekwelashweni. Kungaba ngcono lapho kulashwa imbangela eyimbangela yokushoda.

Owesifazane onezinga eliphansi le-B12 angaba ne-Pap smear engelona iqiniso. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukuntuleka kukavithamini B12 kuthinta indlela amaseli athile (amaseli we-epithelial) emlomo wesibeletho abukeka ngayo.

Shayela umhlinzeki wakho uma unezinye izimpawu zokushoda kwegazi.

Ungavimbela i-anemia ebangelwa ukuntuleka kukavithamini B12 ngokudla ukudla okunomsoco.

Ukudutshulwa kukavithamini B12 kungavimbela i-anemia uma ngabe uhlinziwe okwaziwa ukuthi kubangela ukuntuleka kwe-vitamin B12.

Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi nokwelashwa okusheshayo kunganciphisa noma kuvimbele izinkinga ezihlobene nezinga eliphansi le-vitamin B12.

I-Megaloblastic macrocytic anemia

• I-Megaloblastic anemia - ukubuka kwamaseli abomvu egazi
• I-PMN ene-Hypersegmented (Vala-phezulu)

U-Antony AC. Ama-anemias we-Megaloblastic. Ku: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, ama-eds. I-Hematology: Izimiso Eziyisisekelo Nokuzijwayeza. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 39.

Kusho i-RT. Sondela kuma-anemias. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 149.

UPerez DL, uMurray ED, Intengo BH. Ukudangala kanye ne-psychosis ekusebenzeni kwemizwa. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ama-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley ekwenziweni kwemitholampilo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 10.