Yini i-surfactant ye-pulmonary nokuthi isebenza kanjani

-Delile

• Imisebenzi ye-surfactant
• Yini ebangela ukungabi khona kwe-surfactant

I-Pulactary surfactant inguketshezi olukhiqizwa ngumzimba olunomsebenzi wokusiza ukushintshaniswa kwamagesi okuphefumula emaphashini. Isenzo salo sivumela i-alveoli yamaphaphu, okuyizikhwama ezincane ezibhekene nokushintshaniswa kwegesi, ukuthi ihlale ivulekile ngesikhathi sokuphefumula, ngokuxineka, okusiza ukungena komoya-mpilo ekujikelezeni kwegazi.

Izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa zingakabi nakho ukukhiqizwa okwanele kwe-pulactary surfactant ukuqinisekisa ukuphefumula kahle, ngakho-ke, zingaba nesifo sokuphefumula sezinsana, okudala ubunzima obukhulu ekuphefumuleni.

Ngenhlanhla, kukhona umuthi, okuyi-exogenous surfactant, elingisa into yemvelo yomzimba, futhi isize ukuphefumula kwengane ize ikwazi ukuzikhiqiza yodwa. Lo muthi unganikezwa ngehora lokuqala ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane, ngomphumela osheshayo, ngepayipi ngqo emaphashini.

Imisebenzi ye-surfactant

Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-surfactant wamaphaphu ukwakha ungqimba lwefilimu oluvumela ukuvulwa okufanele kwe-alveoli yamaphaphu futhi luvumela ukuphefumula, ngokusebenzisa:

• Ukugcinwa kokuvulwa kwe-alveoli;
• Nciphisa amandla adingekayo ekwandiseni amaphaphu;
• Ukuqiniswa kosayizi we-alveoli.

Ngale ndlela, amaphaphu ahlala esebenza futhi akwazi ukwenza ukushintshana kwegesi kahle.

Yini ebangela ukungabi khona kwe-surfactant

I-surfactant ikhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwamaphaphu engane, isesibelethweni sikanina, ngemuva kwamasonto angaba ngu-28. Ngakho-ke, izingane ezizalwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi zingase zingakabi nakho ukukhiqiza okwanele kwalesi sakhi, esibangela isifo sokuphefumula kwengane.

Lesi sifo, esaziwa nangokuthi i-hyaline membrane syndrome noma isifo sokuphefumula, sidala ubunzima ekuphefumuleni, ekuphefumuleni ngokushesha, ezindebeni nasezindebeni eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka neminwe, okungabulala ngisho nokufa.

Kulezi zimo, udokotela wezingane angakhombisa umthamo we-exactant exogenous surfactant enganeni esanda kuzalwa, engaba yemvelo, ekhishwe ezilwaneni, noma yokwenziwa, engathatha isikhundla somsebenzi we-surfactant owenziwe emaphashini futhi ivumele ukuphefumula okwanele. Funda kabanzi mayelana nezimpawu nokuthi ungaphatha kanjani isifo sokuphefumula ebuntwaneni.