Kaposi sarcoma

I-Kaposi sarcoma (KS) iyisigaxa somdlavuza sezicubu ezixhuma.

I-KS ingumphumela wokutheleleka nge-gamma herpesvirus eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-Kaposi sarcoma-ehambisana ne-herpesvirus (KSHV), noma i-herpesvirus 8 (HHV8). Kusemndenini ofanayo negciwane le-Epstein-Barr, elibanga i-mononucleosis.

I-KSHV idluliselwa ikakhulukazi ngamathe. Kungasakazwa nangokuxhumana ngocansi, ukumpontshelwa igazi, noma ukufakelwa. Ngemuva kokungena emzimbeni, igciwane lingangena ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zamaseli, ikakhulukazi amaseli agudle imithambo yegazi nemithambo yegazi. Njengawo wonke ama-herpesviruses, i-KSHV ihlala emzimbeni wakho impilo yakho yonke. Uma amasosha akho omzimba eba buthakathaka ngokuzayo, leli gciwane lingaba nethuba lokuphinda lisebenze, libangele izimpawu.

Kunezinhlobo ezine ze-KS ezisuselwa emaqenjini abantu abangenwe yileli gciwane:

• I-Classic KS: Ithinta kakhulu amadoda amadala aseMpumalanga Yurophu, eMpumalanga Ephakathi naseMedithera. Lesi sifo sivame ukukhula kancane.
• Ubhubhane (oluhlobene nengculazi) KS: Luhlala luvame kakhulu kubantu abanesifo se-HIV futhi asebene-AIDS.
• Endemic (African) KS: Ihlasela kakhulu abantu bayo yonke iminyaka e-Afrika.
• Okuhambisana ne-immunosuppression, noma ukufakelwa kabusha okuhlobene, i-KS: Kwenzeka kubantu abake bafakelwa isitho futhi bayimithi ecindezela amasosha abo omzimba.

Izimila (izilonda) zivame ukuvela njengamaqhubu aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma obubende esikhunjeni. Anombala obomvu ngokunsomi ngoba acebile emithanjeni yegazi.

Izilonda zingaqala ukuvela kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba. Futhi zingavela ngaphakathi komzimba. Izilonda ngaphakathi emzimbeni zingopha. Izilonda emaphashini zingadala isikhwehlela esinegazi noma ukuphefumula okuncane.

Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, egxile ezilondeni.

Ukuhlolwa okulandelayo kungenziwa ukuthola i-KS:

• I-Bronchoscopy
• Iskena se-CT
• I-Endoscopy
• Isikhumba biopsy

Indlela i-KS ephathwa ngayo incike ku:

• Amasosha omzimba acindezelwe kangakanani (i-immunosuppression)
• Inombolo nendawo yamathumba
• Izimpawu

Ukwelashwa kufaka:

• Imithi elwa namagciwane elwa negciwane lesandulela ngculaza, ngoba alukho umuthi othize we-HHV-8
• Inhlanganisela chemotherapy
• Ukuqandisa izilonda
• Ukwelashwa ngemisebe

Izilonda zingabuya emuva kokwelashwa.

Ukwelapha i-KS akuwenzi ngcono amathuba okusinda kwi-HIV / AIDS uqobo. Umbono uncike esimweni somzimba sokuzivikela komzimba nokuthi lingakanani igciwane lesandulela ngculaza elisegazini lakhe (umthamo wegciwane). Uma i-HIV ilawulwa ngomuthi, izilonda zivame ukuncipha zodwa.

Izinkinga zingafaka:

• Ukukhwehlela (okungenzeka kube negazi) nokuphefumula okuncane uma lesi sifo sisemaphashini
• Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze okungaba buhlungu noma kubangele ukutheleleka uma lesi sifo sikuma-lymph node emilenzeni

Izimila zingabuya noma sekuphelile ukwelashwa. I-KS ingaba yingozi kumuntu one-AIDS.

Uhlobo olunolaka lwe-KS engapheli lungasakazeka ngokushesha emathanjeni. Olunye uhlobo olutholakala ezinganeni zase-Afrika aluthinti isikhumba. Esikhundleni salokho, isakazeka ngama-lymph node nezitho ezibalulekile, futhi ngokushesha ingaba yingozi.

Imikhuba yocansi ephephile ingavimbela ukutheleleka nge-HIV. Lokhu kuvimbela i-HIV / AIDS kanye nezinkinga zayo, kubandakanya ne-KS.

I-KS cishe ayikaze yenzeke kubantu abane-HIV / AIDS abanezifo ezilawulwa kahle.

Kaposi’s sarcoma; I-HIV - Kaposi; Ingculazi - Kaposi

• I-Kaposi sarcoma - isilonda onyaweni
• Kaposi sarcoma emhlane
• Kaposi sarcoma - sondela
• I-sarcoma kaKaposi ethangeni
• Kaposi sarcoma - perianal
• IKaposi sarcoma ngezinyawo

Kaye KM. I-herpesvirus ehambisana ne-Kaposi sarcoma (i-herpesvirus yomuntu 8). Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ama-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kanye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhlaka 9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 140.

UMerrick ST, uJones S, uGlesby MJ. Ukubonakaliswa okuhlelekile kwe-HIV / AIDS. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ama-eds. Imithi yeGoldman-Cecil. Umhla ka-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 366.

Iwebhusayithi yeNational Cancer Institute. Ukwelashwa kweKaposi sarcoma (PDQ) - inguqulo yezempilo. www.cancer.gov/types/soft-tissue-sarcoma/hp/kaposi-treatment-pdq. Kubuyekezwe uJulayi 27, 2018. Kufinyelelwe ngoFebhuwari 18, 2021.